Uvavanyo lwegesi egazini lwegazi, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-ABG, lwenziwa kwigazi elibanjwe kumthi we - artery . Isetyenziselwa ukubona indlela imiphunga isebenza ngayo kwaye ichane ukuphumelela kwemithi yokuphefumula, njengokusetyenziswa kwe- ventilator , CPAP, BiPAP okanye i-oxygen. Igazi yegazi ingabonakalisa nokuba neengxaki zeengtso, kodwa ayenzi ngokuqhelekileyo ukuxilonga iingxaki ngeentso.
I-ABG yenye yezona zinto zivame ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngokukodwa kwizigulane eziye okanye zikhankanywa ukuba zineempawu zokuphefumula okanye izifo zamaphaphu. Kufuneka kulindeleke ukuba i-ABG ukuba utyando lude, okanye ukuba isiguli siya kuba sevini yexesha elide. Oku kwenza abasebenzi bakwazi ukuba isilungiselelo se-ventilator sifanelekile isiguli.
Udweba i-ABG
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokudweba i-ABG: umgca wokuguquka (uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-IV line efakwa kwisiteyithi esivumela igazi elijongene negazi ukuba litsalwe ngaphandle kwenaliti) okanye isirinji ukudweba igazi kwi-artery.
Igazi legazi elibizayo liba buhlungu ngaphezu kwelokuba igazi lihamba, kwaye idlalwa kwiseli okanye i-groin. Emva kokuba igazi litsalwe, uxinzelelo luya kubanjelwa kwisayithi imizuzu emihlanu okanye ixesha elide ukukhusela ukuphuma kwi-artery. Ukuba isigulane kulindeleke ukuba sibe ngomoya wexesha elongezelelweyo, umgca wendlela oqhelekileyo ugcinwa ukukhusela izithintelo ezibuhlungu eziphindaphindiweyo.
Umgca wokuguqula uvumela igazi ukuba lithathwe emthonjeni ngaphandle kokunamathela isigulane ngenaliti rhoqo. Ukongezelela, umgca wokuguqula uvumela ukuba uvavanyo oluchanekileyo lwegazi luqhubekeke.
U vavanyo
I-ABG ibukeka kumacandelo amahlanu ahlukeneyo egazini legazi:
- pH : I-pH yegazi elichaphazelekayo kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-7.35 no-7.45. Utshintsho oluphawulekayo kwi-pH lungabonisa iingxaki ezisongela ubomi ezimele ziphathwe ngokukhawuleza. I-pH ye-6.9 ibhekwa ngokugqithiseleyo ekupheleni kwe-pH ukuguqulwa kokugqibela.
- I-Carbon Dioxide (i-PCO2) : Inquma ukuba umzimba wakho unako ukukrazula ngokufanelekileyo i-carbon dioxide okanye ukuba i-carbon dioxide igcinwe ngumzimba.
- I-oksijeni (PO2) : Inquma ukuba iimiphunga zakho ziyakwazi ukuhambisa i-oksijini kwigazi lakho ngokufanelekileyo.
- I-Bicarbonate (i-HCO3) : Amanqanaba aphantsi e-bicarbonate egazini angabonisa imiba ngenjongo yesifo.
- I-Oxygen Saturation (O2) : Ilinganiselwa kwisilinganisi se-0-100 oku kubonisa ukuba ingakanani i-oksijeni eyenza iisculi zomzimba. Ipesenti ezilikhulu zigqibeleleyo, kwaye i-97% okanye ngaphezulu kulindeleke kumntu ophilileyo. Ukuxhaswa kwe-oksijeni kunokufuneka kwiindawo eziphantsi zokuzalisa.
ABG Ukuchazwa
Ukutolika iziphumo ze-ABG yinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kwaye idinga izakhono ezichanekileyo zeklinikhi ukuze ziqwalasele iimeko zomntu ngamnye. Into elula nje njengokuhlanza inokutshintsha iziphumo, njengokuba imeko engumngcipheko okanye obusongela impilo ingabangela utshintsho kwiimvavanyo ze-ABG.
Esikhathini sokubhedlele esibhedlele, ezi ziphumo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza utshintsho kwisethingi kwi-ventilator okanye ukufumanisa ukuba isigulane sidinga inkxaso yokuphefumula nge-ventilator okanye oksijini. Iziphumo zingaquka:
I-Acidosis yeMetabolic : Efanekayo ne-pH ephantsi, amanqanaba e-bicarbonate aphantsi kunye ne-low carbon carbon, le meko ingabangelwa yimicimbi yeengxaki, ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuphefumula kakhulu.
I-Alkalosis yeMetabolic : I-pH ephakamileyo, i-bicarbonate kunye ne-carbon dioxide ibonisa ukuhlanza okukhulu kuye kwatshintsha i-chemistry yegazi.
I-Acidosis yokuphefumula : I-pH ephantsi, i-bicarbonate ephakamileyo kunye ne-carbon dioxide ephezulu ibonakalisa imeko yomphunga, njengengumphunga, okanye isifo esifana neCOPD. Ngamana ungabonisa isidingo sokutshintsha kwe-ventilator ukuba isigulane sisesipini.
I-alkalosis yokuphefumula : I-pH ephezulu, i-bicarbonate level kunye ne-low carbon dioxide ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ukuphefumula okukhawuleza okanye okunzulu kakhulu, njengokuba ufumana intlungu okanye ngexesha lokuxhatshazwa. Ngamana ungabonisa isidingo sokutshintsha kwe-ventilator ukuba isigulane sisesipini.
ILizwi
Igazi legazi elichaphazelekayo lingaba luvavanyo oluncedo kakhulu, kodwa ukuchazwa kwale ngcaciso kungcono kushiywe kubaqeqeshi. Iziphumo eziya kuphazamisa isigulane esinye zingaqhelekanga kwenye, kwaye ezi ziphumo zivame ukuhluka ngokubanzi ukusuka kwiyure ukuya kwiyure ngokusekelwe kumanyathelo okuphefumula afaka ukubonelela nge-oksijeni okanye izicwangciso ze-ventilator.
Umboneleli wakho wezempilo kufuneka akwazi ukukuxelela ukuba iziphumo zilindeleke kwaye ukuba iziphumo zibonisa isigulane siphucula okanye sidinga oksijini okanye nokuba inkxaso yomoya.
Imithombo:
IGesi zeGesi. Uvavanyo lweLeb kwi-Intanethi.