Iintsholongwane ezisemncinci yeNtwana Inokuthi iguqulwe kwiBronchiectasis
I-Bronchiectasis inxalenye yeqela leemiphunga zamaphaphu ezichazwe njengesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmonary or COPD . Ubonakaliswa ngokulula nokungaqhelekanga kwe-bronchi ne-bronchioles, i-airways enkulu emiphakeni.
Izizathu
Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ukuvuvukala ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokusuleleka kwe-airways, i-bronchiectasis inokuzalwa, inentsingiselo ekhoyo ekuzalweni, okanye umntu angagqithiselwa kuyo ngenxa yezifo ezisemncinci, njenge- pneumonia , imasel, i-influenza okanye isifo sofuba.
I-Bronchiectasis iyakwenzeka njengenxalenye yesiphene semfuza, njenge-ciliary primary dyskinesia okanye i-cystic fibrosis. Ezinye izinto ezibandakanyekayo zibandakanya ukukhusela okungaphefumliyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwendlela yokuhamba ngenyawo okanye into yokutya. I-Bronchiectasis inokubangelwa ukuphefumla kwiziqulatho zokutya xa udla okanye emva kokuhlinzwa ngenxa yokukhuphazeka komkhuhlane kunye nokukhubazeka kwesigulane ukucima indlela yokusebenza kakuhle.
Iimpawu
I-Bronchiectasis ibangela ukunyuka okungaqhelekanga kwee-airways ngenxa yokuvuvukala kunye nokusuleleka. Xa i-airways iyancipha, i-mucus eyongezelelweyo iqala ukuhlamba kwiindawo ezikhulisiweyo. Ukubamba i-muscus kuba yindawo yokuzalisa ibhaktheriya ekhokelela kwizifo zengqondo. Oku kuyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi ngomonakalo kwi-cilia, iinwele ezincinci ezikhuselayo ezihamba ngomoya. Xa i-cilia ingakwazi ukucima i-airways ye-debris kunye ne-mucus eyongezelelweyo, ukukhutshwa kwendlela yokuhamba emzimbeni kwenzeka.
Ukuqokelela i-muscus kunye neebhaktheriya ezalandela kubangela ukujikeleza ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukusuleleka kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-airways kunye nemiphunga.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, iimpawu ze-bronchiectasis zingabonakali kwiinyanga okanye nangeminyaka emva kweso siganeko esenza ukuba i-bronchiectasis ibe khona kwindawo yokuqala.
Iimpawu zebronchiectasis ziquka:
- Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo okuba kubi xa ulele
- I-mucus ecocekileyo epholileyo
- Hemoptysis
- Dyspnea , ebenzima kakhulu ngomzimba
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Ukukhathala
- Ubuthathaka
- I-Clubbing yeminwe
- Ukugubha
- Ukuphinda kuphawulwe ngamaphaphu
- Iintlungu zesifuba
Ukuxilongwa
I-Bronchiectasis ayifumaneki ngokukhawuleza, njengoko iimpawu zikwazi ukuphambuka ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa ye- bronchitis engapheliyo , i- asthma okanye i-pneumonia.
Oogqirha banokuhlola i-bronchiectasis ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:
- I-xst ray
- ICape CT Scan
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
- Isiko seStutum
- Umsebenzi wePulmonary Uvavanyo
Ukuvavanya kwezinye iimeko ezinxulumene ne-cystic fibrosis okanye isifo sofuba sinokukunceda ekufumaneni i -bronchiectasis.
Unyango
Iinjongo zonyango lwe-bronchiectasis kukulawula ukusuleleka, ukukhuthaza ukucinywa kwamanzi eminyango kunye nokuthintela ezinye iingxaki. Nangona isifo asikwazi ukuphiliswa, unyango, abaninzi abantu baphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Izinketho zokwelapha zingaquka naziphi na ezi zilandelayo:
- I-antibiotiki (ngomlomo kunye / okanye nge-intravenous)
- Bronchodilators
- Abaxeleli , ama- decongestants , kunye ne- mucus-thinning medication
- Ukuphepheka kokuphefumula okuphefumulayo (ukutshaya, ukutshaya umsi , ukucoceka komoya , ukuhlaliswa komsebenzi).
- Umkhuhlane waminyaka yonke
- Lwamanzi
- Physiotherapy
- Hydration
- Oxygen unyango
- Ukuphanda umphunga wamaphaphu (abo bangaphenduliyo unyango okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi)
Ukuba i-bronchiectasis yakho ayiphenduli kakuhle unyango, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-bronchoscopy ukuchonga ukuba ngaba ukhuseleko lukhoyo kwi-airways yakho. I-bronchoscopy isixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukuchonga umthombo wokuphuma kwamanzi kwi-airways yakho.
Thintelo
Amathuba omzimba we-bronchiectasis ahlahlayo ancitshiswa ngokukhawuleza kwintsholongwane yemiphunga. Ezinye iindlela zokuthintela zibandakanya:
- Ukuyeka ukutshaya , ukuba utshaya.
- Ukuphepha ukukhupha okuphezulu okuphefumula, okufana nomsi wesibini okanye ukungcola komoya.
- Ukugonywa ngamasisi, umkhuhlane kunye nezinye izifo njengoko kunconywe ngumboneleli wakho wezempilo.
Xa Uzoqhagamshelana noMboneleli wakho wezeMpilo
Biza ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho na ezi zilandelayo:
- Iimpawu zakho ziba nzima okanye zingaphumeleli ukuphucula unyango olufanelekileyo.
- Kukho utshintsho kumbala okanye kwisixa sakho se-sputum.
- Uphuhlisa i-hemoptysis.
- Uhlakulela intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuphefumula okuphefumlelweyo okungapheliyo.
Imithombo:
I-American Lung Association. Ukuqonda iBronchiectasis. 2014.
I-Heart Heart, i-Lung ne-Blood Institute. I-Bronchiectasis ithathwa njani? Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Oktobha 28, 2011
USmeltzer, uSuzanne C. & Bare, uBrenda, G. (1996). I-Brunnuer ne-Suddarth's Testbook ye-Medical-Surgical Nursing (i-8th Edition). Pennsylvania, PA: Lipponcott-Raven Publishers.