Iimpawu zeBronchiectasis

Iimpawu ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kunye neempawu zeBronchiectasis

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo neziqhelekanga ze-bronchiectasis?

Yintoni i-Brochiectasis?

I-Bronchiectasis yindlela yesifo esingapheliyo sesifo se-pulmonary (COPD) esibonakaliswe ukwandiswa okungavumelekanga kwe-airways ( i-bronchi kunye ne -bronchioles ) yomphunga. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa izifo ezingapheliyo ebuntwaneni, nangona kunjalo, ngelixa ezininzi zezifo zikhuselwe ngokugonywa, iziganeko ze-bronchiectasis ziyanda.

Xa i-airways iya kwandiswa, iifom ezongeziweyo kuzo kunye namachibi kwiindawo ezikhulisiweyo, ezikhokelela ekusulelekeni. Ukukhutshwa kwe-Airway kuyenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwi-cilia, iincinci ezincinci ezikhuselekileyo ezijongene nokukhutshwa kwe-airway. Oku kubangela umjikelezo wokuvuvukala ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukusuleleka kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-airway ye-bronchiectasis.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, iimpawu ze-bronchiectasis zingabonakali kwiinyanga okanye kwaneeminyaka emva kweso siganeko. Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-bronciectasis zingabandakanya:

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Isikhumba esingapheliyo ngeeMali eziNinzi eziNinzi, eziNyunyiweyo

Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo (elinye elide elide kuneentsuku ezisibhozo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zikhona kwiminyaka emininzi) ziqhelekile. Kukho ezininzi ezinokubangela ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo , kwaye abantu abaxilongwa ngokuba ne-bronchiectasis bahlala beqala "ukungaboni kakuhle" ngezinye zezi zizathu.

Ukukhwehlela kwenzeka rhoqo imihla ngemihla, kwaye kaninzi ihamba kunye nexabiso elincinci le- sputum . I-Sputum (okanye i-phlegm) iqukethe iiseli ezifile kunye nezinye izinto ezifihliweyo ngamaseli e-airways, kwaye zihluke kumathe, ofihliweyo emlonyeni nasemoyeni. Nangona ukukhutshwa kwe-sputum yinto ephawulekayo ye-bronchiectasis , kunokwenzeka kwakhona nge- bronchitis engapheliyo , ukutshaya okanye ukuchasana nokungcola kwendalo.

Xa ubukho bentsholongwane, i-mucus isoloko ibonwe, ikhuni kwaye ingaba negazi.

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Hemoptysis

Abantu abane-bronchiectasis ngamanye amaxesha banokukhwehlela inani elincinci legazi. Eli gama libhekiswa njenge-hemoptysis. I-Hemoptysis (okanye ukukhwehlela igazi ) kubangelwa, ngokukodwa, ukukhutshwa kwemithambo encinci yegazi kufuphi nombhobho webhubhu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphuma kwegazi kumncinci, kodwa ngezinye iinkhathi kufuna ukunakekelwa kwabangaphandle. Xa i-hemoptysis iyenzeka, ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa intsholongwane ephezulu.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ufanele uthethe ugqirha wakho nokuba ugqubuthela inani elincinci legazi. Ukuqhayisa ngisho ne-teaspoon okanye ezimbini zegazi kuthathwa njengongxamiseko lwezonyango.

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Dyspnea

I-Dyspnea, okanye ukuphefumla okufutshane , yinto enye ebonakalisa i-bronchiectasis eyenzeka ngenxa yokucinywa kwe-airways ne-mucus.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-dyspnea idlula ngokuzikhandla okanye ukuzivocavoca, ubuncinane ekuqaleni kwesi sifo. Njengoko imeko iyaqhubeka, ukuphefumula okufutshane kunokuza kwenzeka nakwindawo yokuphumla.

Ekuqaleni, i-dyspnea ingaba yinto ekhohlakeleyo, kwaye abantu abaninzi bakholelwa okokuqala ukuba bangaphandle kwimilo okanye bafumene amakhilogremu ambalwa.

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Ukuhla ukusinda

Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingenalutho kungenziwa nge-bronchiectasis ngenxa yesidingo esongezelelweyo se-caloric esenziwa ngumzimba njengesiphumo sexesha elide, ukukhwehlela ngokweqile. Kukho ezinye izimbangela zokulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachangekanga kwakhona, kodwa le mpawu imele ixoxwe njalo nodokotela wakho.

Ukuba uhlala ne-bronchiectasis, funda ngakumbi malunga nesondlo kunye neCOPD.

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Ukukhathala

Ukukhathala kukuvakalelwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ukhathala kwamandla. Luhlobo lokutshatyalaliswa okungenakunqotshwa lula ngobusuku obuhle bokulala okanye indebe yekhofi.

Kwimeko ye-bronchiectasis, enye yezinto ezibangela ukukhathala kungabikho kokulala okubangelwa ukukhwehlela ngokwexesha elide. Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo zonyango ziyakulinganisa ukukhathala kwaye ziqhelekile ngama-antihistamines, amayeza egazi, iipilisi zokulala, i-steroids, okanye i-diuretics.

Hlola ezi ngcebiso zokulwa nokukhathala ngenxa yeCOPD .

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Ubuthathaka obuqhelekileyo

Ubuthathaka luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwezifo ezininzi ezingapheliyo. Ubuthathaka obubangelwa yi-bronchiectasis buyisisiseko esipheleleyo, oko kuthetha ukuba kuchaphazela umzimba wonke, ngokuchasene nobuthathaka bendawo, obuchaphazela kuphela inxalenye ethile, iqela le-muscle, okanye elinye icala lomzimba.

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Clubbing of the Does

I-Clubbing yezipikili ingabonakalisa ukunyanzelwa kwe-oksijeni yexesha elide kwaye inokuthi ibonakale kwi-bronchiectasis. I-Clubbing ingenzeka ngezifo zemiphunga ezifana ne- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ne-COPD, kodwa iyakubonwa kunye nezinye izimo ezivela kwizifo zokugaya ukutya, kwisifo se-Grave (uhlobo lwe-hyperthyroidism) kwiisifo somhlaza ezifana nesifo sikaHodgkin, kwaye sisesithathu yabantu abaneomhlaza wemiphunga . Kwakhona kwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo kwipesenti ezithile zabemi njengelifa elizuze ilifa.

I-Clubbing kuqala ibonakalisa njenge-sponginess yebhedi ye-nail kunye nokulahlekelwa kwinqanaba lebheyili, kubangela ukuba umbhede wesikhonkwane uphawule phantsi ofana ne-spoon downside.

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Ukugubha

Ngokuqhelekileyo ichazwe njengomsindo wezwi oweva ngexesha lokuvuthwa okanye ukuphuma, ukuqhuma kubangelwa kukunciphisa okanye ukucinywa kwee-airways. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuvuthwa kunokuvakala kakhulu kubantu abane-bronchiectasis ongayiva ngaphandle kokuncediswa kwe-stethoscope.

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Izifo ezithintekayo

Izifo zokuphefumula ziqhelekileyo kwi-bronchiectasis njengenxalenye yesangqa esichukumisayo. Izifo eziphindaphindiweyo zingakhokelela kwi-bronchiectasis, kodwa i-bronchiectasis iphinda ifune ukuba umntu aphelelwe izifo zamaphaphu eziphindaphindiweyo.

Izifo eziqhelekileyo kubantu abane-bronchiectasis ziquka ukusuleleka kubhaktheriya (njenge-staphyloccus,) izifo ezifayilini (ezifana ne-aspergillosis,) ukusuleleka kwe-mycobacterial (ezifana nesifo sofuba ,) okanye izifo zentsholongwane (njenge-influenza). Ukuba izifo zamaphaphu ziphathwa ngokukhawuleza, i-bronchiectasis ayinakwenzeka.

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Ubuhlungu obuphefumulayo

Ubuhlungu ngokuphefumla okanye ngokuphefumula okujulile, okubizwa nangokuthi "intlungu yesifuba se-pleuritic," kubonakala malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-bronchiectasis. Ubuhlungu besifuba sePleuritic okanye pleurisy lwenzeka ngenxa yeso simo ngokwaso, okanye ngenxa yeengxaki ezinjenge-pneumonia okanye ngisho negazi.

_Imithombo:

_{Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Iinqununu zeHarrison zeMithi yoPhakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.}

_{Suarez-Cuartin, G., Chalmers, J., no-O. Sibilia. Iingxaki zokuxilonga zeBronchiectasis. Amachiza okuphefumula . 2016. 116: 70-7.}