Ingaba yindawo ekhuselekileyo kubantu abahlala neCOPD?
Abantu abanesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) bayacetyiswa ukuba bayeke ugwayi njengento. Ekuphenduleni, abanye baye baqala ukujika kumigogodla-eyaziwa ngokuba yi- e-cigarettes- nokuba yindlela ekhuselekileyo yokutya iteksi okanye indlela yokucima ngokukhawuleza.
Okokuqala kuqaliswe kwiimarike ngo-2003, izixhobo ziye zafunyanwa kakuhle ngabo baziva bengaphantsi kokuzithemba ukukhaba umkhwa.
Abanye baye babenomdla kakhulu, bengaqiniseki ukuba akukho ubungqina bokuxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwabo kokutshaya ukucima iinkqubo ngelixa zibonisa ukuba izixhobo zibeka ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yazo.
Ukuhlolisiswa kwe-e-cigarettes kwikhokelela ekuhambiseni i-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukumisela ngokusemthethweni ukulawulwa kwazo zonke iinkqubo ze-nicotine zokuhambisa ngo-2016. Ezi ziquka izixhobo ze-e-cigarettes kwakunye ne-e-liquids, i-cartridges, i-flavorings, kunye i-atomizers.
Kodwa ngaba oko kuthetha ukuba i-e-cigarettes "iyingozi," okanye ingaba iipropati ezenza zilungele abantu abaneCOPD?
I-E-Cigarettes Work
I-cigarettes zixhobo ezixhaswa ngamatribhe zizaliswe ngesisombululo se-nicotine, amanzi kunye nepropylene glycol. Zizobunjwa kwaye zenziwe ukuba zibonakalise zifana nobhegi. Xa uthabatha enye, ibhetri iya kushushumbisa isisombululo kwaye yenze umphunga ongayifaka.
Isenzo, eshukumisa ukuvakalelwa, kubizwa ngokuba "kuqhuma."
I-Nicotine yinto ekhuthazayo efunyenwe ngugwayi obaluleke kakhulu ekugqithiseni umbhebhe kodwa akuthathethwanga ngokwayo i- carcinogenic (i-cancer-causing cause). Kucetyiswa ukuba ngokususa i-tar kwindawo yokubhema, abantu abasebenzisa i-cigarettes baya kuba neyona "ndlela ephephile" yokutya iteksi.
Iimveliso ze-E-Cigarette Usetyenziso
Ngaphandle kwemimiselo emalunga ne-FDA kunye nokumiselwa kwemithetho karhulumente kunye nemimandla yendawo ekuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuluntu, abaxhasi bakholelwa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba iinzuzo ze-e-cigarettes zigqithise kakhulu ukugula. Kukho uphando lokuxhasa le mibono.
Uphando olusisiseko olupapashwe ngo-2017 kwaye luxhaswa ngemali yi-Cancer Research UK lufumene ukuba abantu abaguqukayo kwi-cigarettes eziqhelekileyo ukuya kwi-e-cigarettes kuphela babe namazinga aphantsi amaninzi emzimbeni wabo kunabo baqhubeka beshiya. Abaphandi baphinda bagqiba ukuba ukungena kwe-nicotin kwakungekho mkhulu kunokuba utshayiza rhoqo kwaye "kukho umngcipheko ophantsi kakhulu" ohambelana nokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezixhobo.
Iziphumo ezifanayo azizange ziphunyezwe kubantu abasebenzisa i-cigarettes nje njengendlela yokucima. Kwabo bantu, izinga lee-carcinogens kumanzi omzimba lalifana nokuba baqhubeka bebhema icuba kuphela.
Olunye uphando, okwangoku, lunzima ukucinga ukuba i-e-cigarettes ayincede abantu bayeke ukutshaya. Uhlalutyo lwe-2016 lwezifundo ezi-6 ezibandakanya abantu aba-7,551 ababhemayo babika ukuba i-e-cigarettes incede i-18 ekhulwini iphumelele ukuyeka ukutshaya-phantse kathathu izinga elibonwa ngabantu base-United States jikelele.
I-Cons Cons of E-Cigarette Use
Nangona uphando oluxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwe-cigaretti, abachasi baye bacela umngeni kwiimiphumo, baxininisa ukuba bavelise kuphela umtsalane weempembelelo ezinokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kwimiba yokuyeka ukutshaya, abambalwa baye bajonga ngaphezu kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuvavanya indlela ezinokuhlala zihlala ngayo.
Ngaphezu koko, abachasene nabo babonisa ukuba izingozi ze-e-cigarette zandisa ngaphezu komngcipheko we-tar. Ngokwe-2016 isifundo esivela kwiYunivesithi yaseConnecticut, ukutshaya i-e-smoking kungenza umgangatho ofanayo we-DNA umonakalo kwimiphunga njengengqumbo, utshintsho olwenza ingozi enkulu yomhlaza.
Ngenxalenye yabo, i-FDA ne-US Surgeon General zikhuphe isilumkiso ngasinye, icebisa uluntu ukuba:
- I-e-cigarettes inokunyusa ukutshabalala kwe-nicotine kubantu abancinci kwaye ibakhokele kuyo, kunokuba ibangele, iigarethi eziqhelekileyo. Ukususela ngo-2005, ukusebenzisa i-e-cigaretti kubantu abancinci kuye kwanda ngamaphesenti angama-900.
- Ezinye i-e-cigarettes zingaqukatha izithako ezinobuthi kubantu. Kwiimeko ezipapashwe ngokutsha, i-FDA ifumene ukuchasana kwiimpawu ezimbini ezikhokelayo ze-e-cigarette kunye nemilinganiselo ephezulu ye-formaldehyde kwimveliso ye-e-cigarette ephezulu. I nyaniso kukuba asikwazi nokuba yiyiphi iisombululo ze-e-liquid ezithengiswayo.
- Ukuxiliswa kwexesha elide leentyatyambo (ezifana ne-diacetyl esetyenziselwa ukuxelisa ibhotela ye-popcorn) kunokudala umonakalo ongaphazamiseki wamaphaphu, ngokutsho kwe-US Surgeon General.
- I-Nicotine ngokwayo ayikwazi ukukhuselwa njengokhuselekile njengoko inokuba nefuthe kakhulu ekuphuhliseni ubuchopho bentsha kunye nokuba yenze ingozi kumntwana okhulayo (kubangela ukukhula okuphantsi, ukuzalwa kwangaphambili, kunye nobungozi obuncinane bokuzalwa kosana olusanda kuzalwa).
Indlela Eyona Ngcono Yokuyeka Ukubhema
Indlela oyikhethayo ukuyeka ukutshaya yinto ekhethekileyo yokuzikhethela. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphakathi kwimeko yeCOPD, kufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo:
- Ukusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes indlela yokuguqula ayikho enye into eyahlukileyo kunokugqithisa ngaphandle kwe-e-cigarettes. Izinga lokuhluleka liphezulu. Ukuba uceba ukuyeka, kungcono ukuyeka konke kanye kunye nokusebenzisa naluphi na uncedo lokutshaya ofuna ukuyeka.
- Asisazi ngokugcwele indlela ukuqhuma (okanye nayiphi na izithako ezithintekayo ekuphekeni) iimpembelelo zeCOPD. Ngethuba elifutshane, akuqhelekanga ukuba abanye babe nesifo somqala, ukukhwehlela, ukucaphuka kwamehlo, kunye nomlomo owomileyo. Abanye abaphangaleleyo abanalo iingxaki. Ngokubhekiselele kwimiphumo yesikhathi eside, asikwazi nje ukuba ukuqhuma okanye ukulimaza kakade ukuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu.
Ngaloo ndlela, kufuneka wenze isigwebo esicacisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe enye yokutshaya uncedo ngaphezu kwesinye. Oku kubandakanya i-e-cigarettes okanye nayiphi na inkqubo yokuhambisa i-nicotine kwimarike. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukufumana ukhetho olufanelekileyo kuwe.
> Imithombo:
> Rahman. A; Hann, N; Wilson, A .; okqhubekayo. "I-Cigarettes kunye nokuCima ukuSukula: Ububungqina boVavanyo boHlolo kunye nokuHlanywa kweMeta." I- PLoS One. 2015.
> Shahab, L; Goniewicz, M .; Blount, B; okqhubekayo. "I-Nicotine, i-Carcinogen, kunye ne-Toxin Exposure kwi-E-E-Cigarette yangexesha elide kunye neNicotine. 2017; 366 (6): 390-400.
> Isebe lezeMpilo laseMzantsi Afrika kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu. I-E-Usetyenziso lweCigarette phakathi koLutsha kunye noLutsha: INgxelo yeGqirha Jikelele. "Washington, DC; 2016.
> Ulawulo lweZiko lokuTya kunye neDrug. "Abaguquleli, ii-E-cigarettes kunye nezinye iiNkqubo zeNicotine Delivery (ENDS)." ISiliva Spring, eMaldin; Epreli 2017.