Ukuhlolwa kweCancercer Cancer
Kukho ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza apho ukuhlolwa kuqhutyelwa khona. Ezi ziquka iintlobo ezifana nesifuba, i-colon, iprotate, kunye nemiphunga. Omnye unokubuza ukuba ngaba kufuneka kuhlolwe umhlaza wesifo somhlaza kunokuba ulinde umntu ukuba abone isilwanyana okanye ezinye iimpawu. Isizathu sokuba ukuhlolwa kungakhange kulandelwe okanye kunconywa kukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezininzi.
Enye into, ininzi ye-cancer ye-testicular ifunyenwe ekuqaleni kwangoko ngaphandle kokucima. Ngenye into, nangona umhlaza wesifo somhlaza usasazeke, usaphila kakhulu. Ukuphonononga kungenziwa ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo: uvavanyo lwexesha lovavanyo (mhlawumbi ngonyango okanye ukuvavanya), iimvavanyo zegazi ngezikhathi ezithile zikhangela ezinye iimpawu zengxaki zesifo somhlaza kunye / okanye i-scrotal ultrasounds. Akukho nanye kwezi zinto eziye zabonakalisa zinenzuzo ekunciphiseni ukufa (ukufa) ukusuka kumhlaza wesifo somhlaza we-testicular 1 , osele uphantsi kakhulu, njengama-5% amacala.
Ukuphuhlisa isigwebo
Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wengqina kusetyenziswa ngendlela efanelekileyo. Okokuqala, kukho imfuneko yokukrokrelwa ngumhlaza wesifo somhlaza. Oku kwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo xa umntu ebona isilonda esingenabuhlungu kwisinye se-testis (inye yee-testes, ngokuyisigxina kunye ne-testicle) okanye ukuvuvukala kwesibhakabhaka.
Ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zingakho.
Uvavanyo lweZonyango
Uvavanyo lweklinikhi ngunyango onolwazi, ogqirha (ugqirha, ugqirha okanye ugqirha). Uvavanyo lwesitriki luya kwenziwa nge-palpating (ivakalelo) nganye testis phakathi kwesithupha kunye neenombolo ezichasileyo.
Ukunyamekela kuya kuthathwa ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba isilonda okanye ukuvuvukala kungenxa yesibongo esinobungozi ezifana ne-hydrocele okanye i-varicocele, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Ukuba isikrokro sinokuphakama, i-ultrasound iyona nyathelo elilandelayo ekuxilongeni.
Ultrasound
I-Ultrasound ye-scrotum yindlela esemgangathweni yegolide yokuseka ngokucacileyo ukuxilongwa komhlaza wengqungquthela emva kokuhlolwa klinikhi. Izixhobo ze-ultrasound zisebenzisa amaza omsindo aphezulu afunyanwa aze aguqulelwe ukudala imifanekiso yezakhiwo ze-anatomic eziphantsi. Akukho ziphumo ezimbi ezikhoyo ezivela kwi-ultrasound engqongekiyo kwaye akukho mijelo esetyenziswayo. Ukuba ubunzima buboniswe kwi-testis krokraza kumhlaza wesifo somhlaza, unyango linyathelo elilandelayo.
Ukuhlinzwa
I-orchiectomy ephakamileyo yinkqubo yokukhishwa kwe-testis kunye nomhlaza osolwayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo lwenziwa ngumntu oqeqeshiwe we-urologist. Inalope ye-intsholongwane ayiyiyo eyenziwa kwangaphambili kuba ubungqina bubonisa ukuba oku kunokuchaphazela umsele we-lymphatic kwaye kubangela ukuba umdlavuza usasaze kwiipatheni ezahlukeneyo. Emva kokuhlinzwa, zonke izicubu zisuswe, zithunyelwa kwi-pathology ukuze zihlolwe kwaye zixilongwe.
Uvavanyo lwePathologic
I-pathologist ngugqirha ogqityiweyo oqeqeshwe ekuvavanyeni izicubu zezinto eziphathekayo, kuquka nomhlaza.
Iimpawu / iiseli zivavanywa ngaphantsi kwe-microscope ezinezityalo ezikhethekileyo. Yilapho ukuxilongwa komhlaza wesondlo kwenziwe ngokusemthethweni kwaye ezinye i-etiologies zilawulwa ngaphandle. I-subtype yesifo somhlaza yesifo somhlaza ifunyanwe kweli nqanaba ngexesha. Le nkqubo ithatha iinyanga ezintathu ukuxhomekeka kwiziko.
Ukuvavanya Ukusabalala kweCancer
Ngaphambi kokuphandwayo komhlaza, kubalulekile ukugqiba isiteji ngokusebenzisa ukucinga ngeengcinga kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi malunga neprofayili yechemistry, inani legazi elipheleleyo, kunye nabamakishi be- tumor. I-CT scan iqhutyelwa kwisisu nangengqungquthela ukuba ihlolisise ngokuthe ngqo ukuba umhlaza usemigulini ye-lymph.
Ukufanekisa ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa kwakhona kwisifuba. Oku kunokuba yile x-ray elula okanye ingaba yi-CT scan, ingakumbi ukuba kukho nayiphi na impawu zamapulmonary ezifana nokukhwehlela okanye ukuphefumula okufutshane.
Oku kugqiba inkqubo yokuxilonga yomhlaza wengqina. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisigaba kunye nezinye izinto, unyango olungaphezulu lunokubandakanya i- chemotherapy okanye i- radiation .
> Imithombo:
1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.xlib1.intermountain.net/pubmed?term=21328302