Ukuba unomdlavuza womhlaza we- thyroid ujongene nobungozi obuninzi bokukhula kwezifo ezinxulumene nokudala, xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangazange banomdlavuza we-thyroid. Ucwaningo lophando olwenza oku kufunyanwe lupapashwe kwiphepha le- Cancer Epidemiology, i-Biomarkers & Prevention.
Umngcipheko wezifo ezinxulumene neentshukumo ezidlulileyo ziphezulu nangaphezulu xa uneminyaka engama-40 xa ufumene unomdlavuza we-thyroid.
Nangona iindidi ezininzi zomdlavuza we-thyroid zithathwa njengokuba ziphila kwaye zikwazi ukuxela, abantu abatsha banokuthi bafumane umdlavuza we-thyroid. Kubalulekile ukuqonda iingozi zexesha elizayo, ukwenzela ukuba abo basinda kumdlavuza we-thyroid bangakwazi ukuphepha iingxaki zempilo kamva.
Malunga neSifundo
Kwisifundo, abahlengikazi abangaphezu kwama-3700 abasindiswa ngumhlaza we-thyroid bavavanywa. Bonke baxilongwa kwixesha eliphakathi kuka-1997 no-2012. Iqela lolawulo lilingane neqela elingenamdla-mhlaza elineminyaka elifanayo, ubulili kunye neendawo zokuzalwa. Phakathi kwabafundi abangama-3700 abanobuchopho be-thyroid bafundela, malunga neepesenti ezingama-37 bafumana ukuxilongwa ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
Uphando lufumene ukuba iqela labasindileyo abasemngciphekweni lijongene nemingcipheko ephezulu yokuphuhlisa iindidi zeemeko ezijikelezayo ezihambelana nokuguga. Ezi ziquka:
- Umngcipheko wexinzelelo ophezulu, owaziwa nangokuthi uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, lukhulu kakhulu kwiqela elisinda.
- Umngcipheko we-cardiomyopathy wawuphakame kakhulu kwiqela lomdlavuza we-thyroid. I-Cardiomyopathy yimeko apho imisipha yeentliziyo ayiqhelekanga. Oku kwenza kube nzima entliziyweni yakho ukupompa igazi kuwo wonke umzimba, kwaye kwandisa ingozi yokukhubazeka kwentliziyo.
Ababhali baphetha ngokuthi, "Kufuneka kwenziwe uphando lwexesha elizayo ukuvavanya into enokuyenza ukwenzela ukunciphisa ingozi eyongeziweyo yale miphumo yempilo yesikhathi eside."
Ngomxinzelelo Wegazi Ophezulu
Umxinzelelo ophezulu wegazi ukwandisa umngcipheko wokugula okanye ukufa kwisifo senhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunye nesifo sesifo.
Ukuba unomdlavuza womhlaza we-thyroid, kufuneka ube neengcinezelo zegazi rhoqo. Nangona i-hypertension ingaba nayo yonke impawu, qaphela ukuba ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu onokuzifumana ziquka:
- Intloko okanye uvakalelo lwexinzelelo entloko
- Umbono ongezantsi
- Utywala okanye utyhafa
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokuvuvukala kwemilenze
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ubuhlungu emilenzeni nasezinyaweni xa uhamba
- Iinyawo ezinobumba
Kukho utshintsho lwezinto zokuphila onokuzenza ukuze uncede ukukhusela okanye unyango lwegazi, kuquka:
- Ukulahleka kwesisindo: Ukulahlekelwa yimizi yeepounds ezili-10 kunokunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.
- Ukunciphisa isondlo sodium kunye netyuwa: Ukuba ukhulu kakhulu, ukwanda kwincinci ye-sodium kunokunyusa umngcipheko we-hypertension kunye nesifo senhliziyo. Iingcaphephe zincoma ukuba unciphise i-sodium intake engabi ngaphezu kwama-100 mmol ngosuku (malunga ne 2.4 g ye-sodium)
- Ukutya okwaneleyo kwe potassium yokutya okungaphezu kwama-3 500 mg ngosuku
- Ukwenziwa komsebenzi okwenyukayo: imizuzu engama-30 yokusetyenziswa kwe-aerobic ezininzi iintsuku zeveki inokunciphisa ingozi yokuxinzeleleka kwengozi kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nazo
- Ukumodareyitha kokusetyenziswa kotywala: Ukunciphisa ukusela utywala kwi-10 oz. iwayini, okanye i-2 oz. kwamanye utywala (ngaphantsi kwabesetyhini kunye nabantu abanzima kakhulu) banokunciphisa umngcipheko wegazi ophezulu kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nazo
- Ukuxhaswa kwePotassium: ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ingakumbi ukuba unamazinga aphakamileyo aphezulu
- Utshintsho lwesidlo: I-DASH Diet - Iindlela zokutya ngeDetary to Stop Hypertension ngokunciphisa kakhulu uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokunciphisa ingozi yeengxaki
Kukho nenani lamachiza angasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu nokulawula umfutho wegazi, kuquka:
- Igalelo loxinzelelo lwegazi
- B block blockers kunye ne-calcium channel blockers, ukunciphisa izinga lentliziyo
- I-ACE inhibitors, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-angiotensin iguqulela i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
- I-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- I-Diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi), ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-sodium kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi
Malunga neCardiomyopathy
Ukuba unomdlavuza womhlaza we-thyroid, kufuneka uqaphele iimpawu kunye neempawu ze- cardiomyopathy , ezinokuquka:
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Ukuvuvuka kwemilenze yakho, amaqaqa kunye neenyawo
- Ukuqhaqha kwesisu (ascites), ngenxa yobuncipheko obuninzi
- Ukukhahlela, ngakumbi xa ulala
- Ukukhathala
- Iintliziyo ezinqabileyo, iintambo, iintliziyo ezikhawulezayo
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Utywala kunye nokuphelelwa amandla
Ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukukunceda ukukhusela okanye ukuphatha i-cardiomyopathy ziquka:
- Ukutya okunempilo kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo (okanye ukuthintela ukuzuza ubunzima)
- Ukuqhuba rhoqo
- Ukulala ngokwaneleyo
- Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo
- Ukuphepha utywala kunye / okanye i-cocaine
- Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
- Ukulawula i-cholesterol ephezulu
- Ukulawula isifo sikashukela
Kukho namachiza anokunceda nge-cardiomyopathy, kuquka:
- I-Aldosterone blockers, ukulinganisela i-electrolytes kunye nokunceda intliziyo yentliziyo isebenze kakuhle
- Izidakamizwa ze-Antiarrhythmia ukugcina isisu sesiqhelo
- Amachiza okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
- I-Anticoagulants okanye igazi elincinci, ukukhusela ama-blood clots
- I-Corticosteroids nezinye iziyobisi ezichasayo
- I-Diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi), ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-sodium kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi
- B block blockers, block block calcium, kunye ne digoxin, ukunciphisa izinga lentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
Kwezinye iimeko, i-cardiomyopathy engaphenduli kwiinguqu zokuphila kunye nemichiza inokufuna i-pacemakers okanye i-defibrillators, okanye unyango ngokungabikho kokupasa.
ILizwi
Ngelixa uphando lukwafuneka ukuba luhlolisise iindlela ezibangele ukwanda komngcipheko wexinzelelo kunye nokukhathazeka komdlavuza kumdlavuza womhlaza we-thyroid, kuyaqondakala ukuba uqaphele iimpawu kunye neempawu zeemimiselo, uhlale uvavanyelwe, kwaye wenze ngokunyanisekileyo utshintsho lwezempilo olufanelekileyo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Blackburn BE, Ganz PA, Roe K, et al. Ukuguga kwezifo ezinxulumene nokuguga phakathi kwentsholongwane yomdlavuza we-thyroid [epapashwe kwi-intanethi ngoNovemba 22, 2017]. I-Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Ngaphambili . i-doi: 10.1158 / 1055-9965.EPI-17-0623 I-intanethi: h ttp: //cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2017/11/20/1055-9965.EPI-17-0623
> AmaZiko eNational Health. "I-Cardiomyopathy Yenzelwa Njani?" Ishiti yeenyani. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cm/ ukunyanzelwa
> AmaZiko eNational Health. "Isikhokelo sakho sokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi nge-DASH." Isikhokelo se-PDF: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/public/heart/dash_brief.pdf
> Isebe lezeMpilo laseMzantsi Afrika kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu. "Uthintelo oluPhambili lwe-Hypertension." Isikhokelo se-PDF: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/resources/heart/pphbp.pdf