I-Indian Point i-reactor enyukliya eBuchanan, eNew York, engxenyeni esenyakatho yeWestchester County, malunga neekhilomitha ezili-23 kumntla weSixeko saseNew York. Xa isityalo sasivulwa phakathi kowe-1970, izinga lomdlavuza we-thyroid kumacandelo amane ajikelezile-iWestchester, i-Rockland, i-Orange ne-Putnam zikhulu-yayingama-22 ekhulwini ngaphantsi kwezinga le-US. Ngoku, iimeko zomdlavuza we-thyroid ziye zanyuka ukusuka kuma-50 ukuya ngonyaka ukuya kuma-400 ngonyaka kulo mmandla, ngezinga elingama-53 ekhulwini ngaphezu komyinge wesizwe.
Kulo xesha lwakutshanje lucwaningo-2003 ukuya ku-2007-amaxabiso e-Putnam, e-Rockland, e-Orange naseWestchester County ayenama-105.5 ekhulwini, ama-74,5 ekhulwini, ama-63.5 ekhulwini kunye nama-33,4 ekhulwini ngaphezu kwesilinganiso se-US. I-Putnam, i-Rockland, kunye ne-Orange babephakathi kwezinga eliphezulu lomdlavuza we-thyroid kuwo onke amabandla ase-US anabantu abangaphezulu kwe-100,000.
Izinga elipheleleyo lomhlaza wesifo se-thyroid sele liphindwe kathathu kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo. Ezinye zezi zinyuka zibangelwa ukufumanisa ngakumbi i-cancer ye-thyroid encinci, kodwa ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ezinye zenyuka ziya kubangelwa ukwanda kwezehlo.
Uphononongo oluphononongwa ngontanga oluqhutywe yiNkqubo yeMithayo kunye neMpilo yeSizwe, kwaye yanyatheliswa kwiNcwadi yoKhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo , isetyenziswe idatha evela kwiNew York State Registry Registry ukulandelela izinga lomdlavuza e-Putnam, eRockland, e-Orange nakwi-Westchester kumalungu angaphezu kwamashumi amane . Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukwanda okwenziwe ngumhlaza kunye nokunyuka kwamazinga omhlaza we-thyroid kungabangela ukukhutshwa kwe-Indian Point isisombane samandla enyukliya.
Abaphandi baqhathanisa amazinga omhlaza kwiminyaka emihlanu phakathi konyaka ka-1988 no-2007. Bafumana ukwanda okungachazwanga kwezi-19 eziphambili kwiindidi zomdlavuza, kunye nokwanda okukhulu komdlavuza we-thyroid. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, iziphumo zengxelo zi "zihambelanayo kwaye zibaluleka" kwaye zibonisa ukuba enye okanye izinto ezininzi-ukuvezwa kweemitha ezivela kwi-Indian Point-kubangele ukuba kubekho ukunyuka okuchaziweyo kwimiba yomhlaza kwingingqi.
Olunye uphando lufumene imilinganiselo yomdlavuza we-thyroid ephakamileyo ukusuka ngo-2001 ukuya ku-2005 kwimitha engama-90 ukusuka kwimpuma yasePennsylvania, ephakathi kweNew Jersey naseNew York. Le ndawo yindawo ye-reactors yamandla enyukliya ezi-13, kuquka i-Indian Point, kwaye yayikuyo indawo ezintathu ezithintekayo, eziquka i-Three Mile Island.
Ukunyanzeliswa kwemitha, kuba, yinto eyaziwayo yengozi yomdlavuza we-thyroid; Ubungakanani beqondo lomda kunye nobudala ekukhuseleni kubalulekile. Emva kokuchasana kwe-radiation, uphando lubonisa ukuba kukho ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwe-10 ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza we-thyroid uvele. Ngokutsho kweNational Cancer Institute, ukuhlolwa kokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ngaphaya kwe-1950 e-Nevada kamva kubangele amacala angaphezu kwama-200,000 omdlavuza we-thyroid eMelika. Iingozi zenyukliya kwi-reactors eChernobyl neFukushima zalandelwa ukwanda komdlavuza we-thyroid ekuhlaleni kwabantu abasebenzisa i-radioactive emissions. Ukunyangwa kwamayeza kwintloko nentamo kudibaniswa nomngcipheko wokwanda komhlaza we-thyroid.
Ngenxa yokuqonda ukuhambelana phakathi kwemitha kunye nomhlaza wesibeletho, isifundo sifuna ukuba uphando olunzulu kwiipateni zekhanda le-thyroid kunye nolwalamano lwezenyukliya, xa uzama ukucacisa amazinga okukhula.
Ingaba i-Indian Point ingozi yempilo inefuthe elibanzi kubantu ababalelwa kwizigidi ezi-2 abahlala kwimida engama-20 e-Indian Point, kwaye abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-17 bahlala kwindawo engama-50-mile yesityalo, ngaphezu kweyiphi enye i-nuclear plant .
Ibali elixakekayo libiwe nguJoanne DeVito, owayehlala kwiimitha ezili-9 ukusuka eIndiya Point iminyaka. UDeVito uyaqiniseka ukuba iIndiya Point iye yachaphazela impilo yentsapho yakhe. Intombi yakhe endala yayisandululwazi ukuba unomdlavuza we-thyroid, kwaye kwinyanga leyo, ezinye iintombi zakhe ezimbini zafunyanwa. UDeVito utshele i- Highlands iphephandaba langoku ukuba wambiza ugqirha wakhe.
Ndathi, "Awuyi kukholwa le nto." Wathi, "Ungcono ungene." Ndiphila ngendlela enempilo kakhulu. Ndingumfundisi we yoga kunye nomyezo wegadi. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo, ndandinalo. "
ILizwi
Ngokutsho kweMerika Cancer Society, ukuba unomngcipheko womhlaza we-thyroid, kunokukho iindlela zokuzikhusela wena kunye nosapho lwakho.
Gcina amaphilisi e-potassium iodide esandleni, kwaye ukuba kukho ingozi yenyukliya, abaphathi baya kukufundisa xa ubathatha. I-iodide yePotassium inokukhusela i-thyroid ngokuchasene nokusasazwa kwe-radioactive kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu kubantwana.
Qinisekisa ukuba ufumana i-iodine eyaneleyo ukusuka ekudleni kunye nokuxhaswa. Ukuntuleka kwe-iodine kubonakala kwandisa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza we-thyroid ukuba ufumanekile kwi-radioactivity.
> Imithombo:
> Altekruse, S., Das, A., Cho, H., Petkov, V. kunye no Yu, M. (2015) Ngaba i-Incroase ye-Cancer Incidence Increase ne-Socioeconomic Status phakathi kwabantu abane-inshurensi yezempilo? Isifundo sokuqwalaselwa ngokusebenzisa i-SEER Data Based Based Data. I-BMJ Evulekileyo, 5, i-ID ye-ID: e009846. https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2013.0257
> Iglesias M, et al. "Ukuchasana kwamafutha kunye nomhlaza we-thyroid: uhlaziyo." Arch Endocrinol Metab. Ngo-2017 ngoMar-Apr; 61 (2): 180-187. I-doi: 10.1590 / 2359-3997000000257. Epub 2017 Feb 16
> Mangano, J. noSherman, J. (2017) Ukunyuka kweNtsholongwane yeChroid yeCroatia ephantsi kweNew York City-Area Nuclear Power Plant. Umbhalo woKhuseleko lwendalo, 8, 1446-1459. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2017.812089