Funda Ukuba Usemngciphekweni
Iimpawu ze-COPD zingahambi kakuhle iminyaka, kungenxa yoko ukuqonda izinto zeengozi zeCOPD zibaluleke kakhulu. I-COPD yimbangela yesithathu yokufa eMelika, kodwa ukuqaphela kwangaphambili iimpawu kunokukhokelela ekuxilongweni kwangaphambili nangonyango. Ukuqaphela izinto ezilandelayo zengozi yeCOPD kunokunyusa ulwazi lwakho kwaye kukukhokelela ukuba uzibuze iimpawu zakho.
Ukutshaya
Ukubhema kukude, into ebalulekileyo yengozi yeCOPD. Nangona akusiyo wonke umntu ofumana i-COPD ukubhema, ama-80 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-90 ekhulwini kubo bonke abantu abafunyaniswayo ukuba bangabokuqala ukutshaya.
Inombolo yecuba utshaya ngalunye kwaye ubude bexesha oye uphelele nalo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-COPD yokuxilongwa. Ukubhema i-cigarettes akuyona into ebekayo engozini kwi-COPD: Ukubhema kombhobho kunye nokubhema u-cigar, ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide kumsi wesibini kunye nokubhema i-mariju kunye kunye ne-cigarettes ndawonye konke kwandisa ingozi.
Isenzo esinye esona siphumeleleyo onokuyithatha ukuba utshaya ngoku ukuyeka. Enyanisweni, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokwenza umgangatho wokunciphisa umonakalo ohambelana neCOPD.
Ukuba utshayayo ongakafumananga ukuba unesifo, ukuyeka ukukhubaza okanye ukulibaziseka ukuphuhliswa kokunciphisa umoya, enye yeempawu eziphambili zeCOPD.
Inokunyusa ukwanda kwamathuba okuphila.
Ukuba wenze isigqibo sokuyeka, uya kufuna enye inkxaso. Khangela isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokuphelisa ukutshaya kwaye lolu uluhlu lwezinto zokuyeka ukutshaya phambi kokuba wenze ukuxuma.
Yendalo
Enye into ebalulekileyo yengozi yeCOPD yindawo apho usebenza khona kwaye uphile.
EUnited States yedwa, ukuxhomekeka komsebenzi kwi-dust and fumes kubangelwa ukuya kuma-19 kweepesenti ze-COPD kubantu ababhemayo, kunye nama-31 ekhulwini kwi-COPD kubantu abangaboni.
Ukubonakaliswa kokungcoliseka kwendawo yangaphakathi kunye nongcoliseko lwangaphandle kulungile , kwinqanaba elithile, kwi-COPD yokuxilongwa. Ukubonakaliswa kwamakhemikhali e-biomass ngexesha lokupheka, ngakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini, kubaluleke kakhulu. Qaphela into ovelelwe kuyo emsebenzini nasemakhaya, kwaye uthathe amanyathelo, njengokujonga umgangatho womoya xa uhlala ekhaya kwaye ugqoke umbane wokukhusela xa usebenza kwindawo eyingozi yokusebenzela.
Genetics
Okungakumbi, iigeni ziyabonwa njengendima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kweCOPD. Olu lwalamano lubonakala ngokugqithiseleyo, ukusilela kofuzo lwe- alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), iprotheni ekhuselweyo eyenziwa sisibindi. Abantu abane- AAT abasweleko basengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa i- emphysema . Ukutshaya kukwandisa kakhulu ingozi. Ukuntuleka kwe-AAT kuqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantu baseMntla Yurophu. Ukuba unako ukukhubazeka kwe-AAT, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungalokothi uqale ukutshaya okanye ukuyeka ngokukhawuleza.
Isifuba
I-asthma inokuba yinto ebalulekileyo yengozi yeCOPD, nangona kunjalo, uphando olongezelelweyo lufunekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe olu lwalamano.
Abaphandi baye bajonga ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-asthma kunye ne-COPD, ekufumaneni ukuba abantu abadala abane-asthma banamaxesha angaphezu kwama-12 angaphezulu kwengozi yokuphuhlisa i-COPD ngaphezu kwexesha kunabo abangenayo isifo se-asthma (emva kokulungelelanisa ukutshaya.) Olunye uphando lubone ukuba iipesenti ezingama-20 ezigulane kunye nesifo se-asthma siphumelele iimpawu zomsebenzi zeCOPD. Ukulawula i-asthma yakho ukuzikhusela ekuphuhliseni i-COPD, kwaye uthethe ugqirha wakho malunga nobungozi bakho.
Izifo Zengane Zengane
Izifo ezinentsholongwane ye-viral kunye ne-bacterial lung infections ekuqaleni kwasebuntwaneni ziye zadibaniswa nomsebenzi wamaphaphu ezincinci kwaye zandisa iimpawu zokuphefumula ekudala, ezinokuthi zenze igalelo ekuphuhliseni iCOPD.
Ukuzalwa okuphantsi okucatshulwayo kucatshangelwa ukuba kwandiswe ukukhuselwa kwamathambo, okungathi unxulumene neCOPD.
Uxinzelelo oluxhasayo
Xa ibhalansi phakathi kwama- oxidants kunye ne- antioxidants emzimbeni wakho iyashintsha kwindlela ekujoliswe kuyo, i-oxidative stress can occur. Uxinzelelo lwe-Oxidative kwi-COPD luhlobene nokutshaya kwaye kubangela ukuvuvukala kwe-airways kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-alveoli, iingxowa kwimiphunga enceda ukuthutha i-oxygen kunye ne-carbon dioxide phakathi kwegazi nemiphunga.
Izinto ezingekho phantsi kweengozi eziqhelekileyo zeCOPD
Kukho ezinye iimeko ezinobungozi zeCOPD, ezingabonakali kangangoko, kodwa, kubalulekile ukukhankanya:
- Umsebenzi owenziwe umphunga ophezulu owenziwe owenziwe umonakalo : Ubangelwa ziinkqubo ngexesha lokubeleka, ukuzalwa okanye umntwana
- Ubulili: Ukususela ngo-2000, i-COPD ithinta abafazi abaninzi kunamadoda, ebonisa ukuba abasetyhini banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu kwimiphumo emibi yecuba yengqumbo kunamadoda.
- Ubume bezoqoqosho: Kukho ubungqina bokuba ukuphuhliswa kweCOPD kuhambelana nesimo sezoqoqosho. Ingezantsi imeko yezoqoqosho, iphakamileyo ingozi yokuphuhliswa kweCOPD.
- Isondlo: Ukungondleki kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo kunokunciphisa amandla okuphefumula nokunyamezela. Unxulumano phakathi kwendlala kunye nophuhliso lwe-emphysema luye lwaphakanyiswa kwizifundo zophando kwizilwanyana.
Uxilongo lweCOPD lunokumiselwa kuphela ngumniki-nkonzo wakho wezempilo, nangona kunjalo, unokuvavanya umngcipheko wesifo ngokusebenzisa iCOPD I-Tool Self-Assessment . Emva kokuba uphendule le mibuzo kwisixhobo sokuhlola, phrinta ifom kwaye uyithathe kumboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze uphonononge ngakumbi iimpawu zakho.
Imithombo:
USilva GE, uSherrill DL, uGerra S, uBarbee RA. Isifo se-asthma njengesichengeni se-COPD kwisifundo eside. Esifubeni. 2004 Julayi; 126 (1): 59-65.
Ulungelelaniso lwehlabathi jikelele lweZifo zokuLungisa izifo. ISicwangciso soBuchule beSizwe soLwazi, uLawulo kunye nokuCandwa kweCOPD. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-2010.