Iimbangela, iziganeko, ukuxilongwa, unyango kunye nokukhusela i-Emphysema
U-Emphysema luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe- COPD apho i-alveoli, okanye i-air airs yemiphunga, ibonakaliswe ukuba ibangele kwaye iqhube. Ngenxa yokuba iingxowa zomoya ziseli emiphakeni apho i-oksijeni kunye necarbon dioxide zatshintshana, umonakalo kule ndawo yenza kube nzima kubantu abane-emphysema ukugxotha umoya kumaphaphu abo. Oku kubangela ukwakha i- carbon dioxide emzimbeni.
I-Emphysema yinkqubo engaphendukiyo, yokuphela kwesigaba esenza inkqubela phambili kwiminyaka emininzi. Okwangoku, akukho unyango, kodwa unyango lwe-emphysema lunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.
Izibalo
Ngo-2005, abantu abayizigidi ezingama-3.8 baseUnited States bafumene ukuba bane-emphysema. Kuzo, ama-54.4% ayengamadoda kwaye ama-45.6% ayenabesifazane.
Izizathu eziphambili: Ukubhema, u-Alpha-1-Antitrypsin ukusilela, kunye noNgcoliseko lomoya
Ukutshaya kuhlala kuyimbangela enkulu ye-emphysema. Ukubhema ukubhema kwonakalisa i-cilia emipompheni edla ngokuqhelekileyo ekuncediseni ukususa i-mucus kunye nemfihlo. Oku kudala ukukhutshwa kwiindawo zokuhamba. Umsi wesigaretta kubangela ukuvuvukala nokucaphuka kwimiphunga ekhokelela ekunyuseni kwimveliso ye-mucus . Ubuninzi obuninzi emiphakeni lubeka wena kwingozi yokunyangwa kwemiphunga , njengoko i-mucus inikeza ibhaktheriya ngokufihla.
Ukungcola komoya kudlala indima ekuphuhliseni i- emphysema . Njengaloo nto yokulimala, ukungcola komoya kubangela ukuthukuthela kwomoya kunye nokucasula ekugqibeleni kutshabalalisa izicubu zomphunga.
Kodwa unokumangaliswa ukuba ufunde ukuba ngisho nomoya wangaphakathi ungcoliswa. Funda amanyathelo ekuphuculeni umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi ukwenzela ukunciphisa ukuvutha komzimba ekhaya.
Nangona ukutshaya kunye nokungcola komoya kudlala indima enkulu kwigalelo labo kwi-emphysema, ipesenti yabantu banomdla wokufakela imfuyo ehambelana nokusilela kwe-enzyme, i-alpha-1-antitrypsin.
Abo baxhatshazwa yi- alpha-1-antitrypsin ukusilela banokubangela ukugxeka kwimimandla enjengokutshaya, ukutshaya umsi , ukungcoliseka komoya, kunye neengxaki eziza kuthi, ngokugqithiseleyo kwexesha, zibangele iimpawu zesifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga njengemphysema.
Iimpawu ze-Emphysema
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-emphysema zi:
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza
- Ukugubha
- Isikhwehlela esingapheliyo, kunye, okanye ngaphandle, i-sputum
- Ukunyamezela ukunyamezela
- Ukulahleka kwesidlo esiya ekulahlekeni kwesisindo
- Ibhokhwe
Ekugqibeleni, abo banesifo se-emphysema bangaphumelela ekuphumeleleni ukuphefumula okwenzeka emva kwenkqubo yokugula esicothayo. Ukuze ufumane okungakumbi malunga neempawu zakho ezithile, tyelela i- Symptom Checker , ithuluzi lethu lokusebenzisana ukukunceda uqonde ngakumbi iimpawu zakho.
Uvavanyo lokuThengisa
Izimpawu zegulane kunye neembali zibonelela ngeendlela zokuqala zokuhlola. Uvavanyo lokuxilonga luquka:
- X-ray
- Umsebenzi wePulmonary Uvavanyo
- Iigesi zeGesi zeGesi
- Gcwalisa Igalelo leGazi
Izinyango Zonyango
Injongo ephambili yonyango ye-emphysema kukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, unciphise ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kwaye uphathe indlela yokuhamba emoyeni ukuze kunciphise ukungabikho kwe-oxygen. Izinyango zokwelapha ziquka:
- Bronchodilators
- Ulwaphulo lwe-Aerosol
- Antibiotics
- Corticosteroids
- Oxygen unyango
Thintelo
Ayikho enye inqobo yokuthintela umthwalo ubunzima kunokugqithisa ukutshaya ekukhuselweni nasekunyangeni kwe-emphysema. Unyulo oluninzi lunokufumaneka kubabhemayo abanobunzima bokuziyeka bebodwa. Ngokuyeka ukuyeka ukutshaya , ukucebisa kunye namaqela enkxaso, ukutshaya kunokuba yinto edlulileyo kubantu abanomnqweno onamandla wokwenza utshintsho oluthile lokuphila.
Ukufumana ulwazi olungakumbi malunga nokuyeka ukutshaya , tyelela iCOPD yokuyeka ukutshaya.
Imithombo:
> Isiko seSizwe soBume bezeMpilo, 2005. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/emphsema.htm
> Bare, Brenda G. & Smeltzer, uSuzanne C. (1996). Brunner kunye ne-Textbook ye-Suddarth ye-Medical-Surgical Nursing (i-8th Edition). Philidelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven Abapapashi.