Ndiye ndanyamekela izigulane zomhlaza wesifo seprotate ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20. Izigulane ziza kum zonke iintlobo ezingenangqondo. Nazi ezili-10 zeengcinga ezingalunganga eziqhelekileyo:
1. Iiprostates ezinkulu zibi
Zonke iingxaki ezinxulumene neenkqubo zokungcungcutheka zibonakala zifunyaniswa ukunyuswa kweprotate. Oku akunako ukunyaniseka kuba amadoda anamaqhina amancinci amancinci anesikhalazo sokuya kwindawo yokuhlambela rhoqo.
Kwaba nabasetyhini baxinezeleka ezi ngxaki kwaye abanalo iprotate nonke.
Isibongo sokwandisa ukuvota siqhelekile, njengoko abantu bekhula. Ngoba? Yindlela yokukhusela. Khumbula, ezininzi izibongozo zomzimba kunye neemvakalelo zikhula buthathaka kunye nobudala. Amehlo aphelile, i-libido ihluleka, ukuva kwehla kuyaphela. Ukuba umnqweno wokurhoxisa ulahleka, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso nokufa kubangelwa.
Oku akuthethi ukuba ukunyuka kokukhupha, njengoko abantu bekhula, kulula. Hayi, inokuba yingxaki yangempela, ngakumbi xa iphazamisa ubuthongo. Nangona kunjalo, akukona okuchanekileyo ukubeka yonke into yokugxeka kwi-prostate. Kwaye nombono womhlaza, kukho enye inzuzo yokuba ne-prostate gland. Uphando oluninzi lubonisa ukuba i-prostate ezininzi zeengqungquthela zenza i-cancer esezantsi, zine-lesss capsular spread and rates of infection rate, emva kokunyanga, kunokuba zincinci ezincinci.
Ukuba ne- prostate gland ayinakulungile; kukho ngokwenene amadoda anesifo esikhulu seprotate esicinezelayo.
Nangona kunjalo, amadoda anesifo seprothetti esandisiweyo anganombulelo ukuba i-gland yabo eyandisiweyo inefuthe lokukhusela umdlavuza weprotate.
2. I-prostate Cancer Causes
Kuyo yonke imbali, amadoda kuphela atyelela oogqirha xa ezinye iinxalenye zomzimba wazo zenzakala okanye zingasebenzi. Kodwa umhlaza wesibeletho awuyi kubangela nayiphi na impawu kude kube yinto ephakamileyo kakhulu.
Oku akuthethi ukuba abantu abanako ukufumana iimpawu ezivela kwindawo yeprotrate ngenxa yezinye izinto ezifana nezifo zokugonywa kwamanzi okanye izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo. Kodwa iimpawu zesifo somhlaza njengentlungu yesifuba, utshintsho kwi-urination, kunye neentlungu zeplavic kuphela zivela kwizifo eziphambili kakhulu , xa umdlavuza usasazeka ngaphandle kwengqungquthela. Ngethuba nje ukuba amadoda enze ukuhlolwa kwonyaka okufanelekileyo kunye ne-PSA (i-prostate-specific antigen), umhlaza uza kufumaneka ufumaneke ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba ukwazi ukwenza iimpawu.
3. I-PSA ivela kwiCrostate Cancer
Ezinye i- PSA inokuvela kumdlavuza wesibeletho, kodwa iveliswa yi-prostate gland. Ukwandiswa kwe-Benign ye-gland kwenzeka njengabantu abadala, okwenza iPSA iphakame. Esinye isizathu esingenakucacisa sokuba i-PSA ephezulu yi-prostate inflammation, ebizwa ngokuthi i-prostatitis. Ngoko ke, ukusebenzisa i-PSA yodwa ukuxilonga umhlaza kunzima kakhulu, ngakumbi ukuba iPSA ingaphantsi kwe-10.
Oku akuthethi ukuba iPSA ayinalutho. Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, akukho zibonakaliso ezivela kumdlavuza wesi-prostate kumanqanaba okuqala. Ngoko, i-PSA ephezulu ibonisa ukuba into eyenzekayo neprotate. Ingqiqo yonyani ngokugqibeleleyo ukugqiba ukuba ukunyuka kwe-PSA kubonisa umhlaza. Amadoda anePSA ephakamileyo kufuneka aphinde uvavanyo.
Ukuba iyaqhubeka iphakanyisiwe kufuneka iphinde iphande iphenyo yesifo seprotate ngokufumana i-MRI ye-Tesla ye-multiparametric MRI, kungekhona i-biopsy engahleliyo.
4. I-12-Core Random Prostate Biopsy Ayikho Iqhinga Elikhulu
Ukufumana i- biopsy yeprotrate, indoda ibekwe ecaleni layo kunye nemilenze yakhe ephakanyisiweyo esifubeni sayo. Emva kokuba i-enema ilawulwa kwaye i-rectum swabbed nesepha, inaliti ifakwe ngamaxesha amaninzi kumdonga we-rectum ukufaka i-Novocain kunye neenxa yeprotate. Emva kokuba iprotrate idibeneyo, i- 12 okanye ngaphezulu i-cores-bore-cores ikhutshwe ngompu we-needle biopsy gun nge-rectum.
I-antibiotics ilawulwa rhoqo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.
Ukuba kwenziwe ngobugcisa, inkqubo ye-biopsy ithatha imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwe-30. Emva kwenkqubo, amadoda ahlala ephuma kumchamo kunye neenja zenyanga okanye njalo. Iingxaki zesikhashana kunye nokulungiswa kwazo ziya kwenzeka. Ngeveki ezayo okanye ezimbini, inani elincinane lamadoda (malunga neepesenti ezi-2) zibhedlele kwizibhedlele zokusongela ubomi. Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu uyafa.
5. Zonke iinkxalabo zogqirha zihlala zizigulane
Ukuba i-prostate i- MRI ichaza indawo enokukrokra kwaye i-biopsy (engacwangcanga) ingabonakaliswa nomhlaza, kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zengcali ukuba ukhethe unyango olululo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ingxaki. Bonke oogqirha kwihlabathi lomhlaza wesibeletho banike iingcebiso baze banikele unyango. Umba kukuba bahlawulwa bhetele xa banika unyango. Ngoko ke, abaninzi banomdla wokubakhokelela ukuba ulandele unyango nabo. Oogqirha bahlakaniphile ngokwaneleyo ukwazi ukuba uyazi oku. Ngoko, bazibeka njengabo bekho caleni kwaye basebenzise indlela ethengisa ngayo. Intshumayelo yabo ihamba kakuhle kwaye iyaneliseka kuba ihlala isabelana ngezigulane ezintsha iintsuku zonke.
Indlela yodwa yokukhusela le ngxaki ngongquzulwano yogqirha yenzalo kukuba kulungelelanisane nodokotela kwaye umkhethe (okanye) njengogqirha wakho ocebisa ngokukhethekileyo. Uya kufuneka ukucacise ukususela ekuqaleni ukuba phantsi kweemeko aziyi (okanye) abe ugqirha wakho wokunyanga . Injongo yentlanganiso yakho kunye nogqirha ocebisa ukufumana ulwazi olungenamkhethe malunga naluphi uhlobo lwonyango olungcono kwimeko yakho. Kwakhona udinga ugqirha ocebisa ukukunika "ulwazi lwangaphakathi" malunga namanqanaba olwazi labanye oogqirha kwizonyango zakho.
6. Zonke iCarstate Cancer ingafa
Kukho ukudideka kuba itreyile enye, "umdlavuza wesifo sesisu," isetyenziswe kuwo onke amabakala ahlukeneyo esi sifo. Ngomdlavuza wesikhumba sithi izinto ezimbi "i-melanoma." Uhlobo olunomdla lomhlaza wesikhumba esiwubiza ngokuthi "isalal cell." Ngomdlavuza wesibeletho, endaweni yokusebenzisa amagama ahlukeneyo sisebenzisa amanani. Ngokomzekelo, iGleason 7 nangaphezulu zingasasazeka kwaye ngezinye izihlandlo ziyafa (nangona akukho ndawo ifuphi njengengozi njenge-melanoma). Gleason 6 nangaphantsi akusasazi. I-Gleason 6 yenza njenge-basal cell carcinoma yolusu.
Ngoku ukuba oogqirha ekugqibeleni baqonda le ntlukwano, basuke bebuya emva kokucebisa unyango kuwo wonke umntu. Amadoda akhethiweyo afakwa ekuhloleni okufutshane ngaphandle kwonyango olululo. Le ndlela entsha ibizwa ngokuba ngumlindi osebenzayo . Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10 edlulileyo, ukuhlola okusebenzayo kuye kwamkelwa ngokwengeziwe njengendlela efanelekileyo yokulawula amadoda akhethwe ngumdlavuza we-Gleason 6. Ukuqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwamkelwa yiNational Care Network (NCCN), i-American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), kunye ne-American Urological Association (AUA) njengendlela efanelekileyo yokuphatha uGleason 6.
7. Iziphumo eziphambili ezivela kwiiNyango kunye noHlawulelo olufanayo
Amadoda kunye ne-Gleason 7 nangaphezulu aqhele ukuba adinga uhlobo oluthile lonyango. Ekubeni amadoda amaninzi asandul 'ukuxilongwa axubusha ngokuyinhloko i-urologist (ngubani ugqirha), utyando luvame ukuhanjiswa njengonyango olukhethiweyo. Ingxaki kukuba utyando lunemiphumo emibi kakhulu kwaye amanqanaba okunyanga aphantsi ngokuthe ngaphantsi kwezinto ezinokufezekiswa ngeemveliso zelanga. Nalu uluhlu, akukho nanye-olubandakanyayo, kwezinye zeempembelelo ezinzima kunokuba ukuhlinzwa kungabangela:
- Izifo zesifo se-penis okanye "Isifo se-Peyronie." Kuhlolisiso lwamadoda angama-276 afumana unyango, ama-17.4 ekhulwini la madoda ahlakulela izilo.
- Iingcali ziye zachaza ukuba ukucosa umchamo, okubizwa ngokuthi "i-Climacturia," kwenzeka kuma-20 ekhulwini amadoda aphethwe yi-prostate.
- Ukungahambisani ne-Urinary kwenzeka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-10 ekhulwini yezigulane.
- Ukuxinezeleka kwengqondo, ukuxubha umchamo ngokugxuma, ukuhleka, ukukhwehlela, ukukrazula, njl njl. Kwenzeka kuma-50 ekhulwini kwezigulane.
- I-Shrinkage ye-penis ivela kumyinge wesentimitha enye.
- Okongeziweyo, iingxaki ezinxulumene nezobuchopho zenzeka, kubandakanywa nokufa kwesinye isikhathi.
8. Unokwenza umlenze emva koPilisi, kodwa awunayo iVersa
Inqaku elilodwa lokuthengiswa kwezilwanyana ezininzi ezithuthuzelayo zifumana induduzo kukuba imbono yokudala inqabiseko yokhuseleko, isicwangciso sokugcina, ngokwenza utyando "kuqala" kunokuba kube yimisebe. Abagqirha babo bathi kubo, "Ukuba umhlaza uphindela emva kokuhlinzwa, unokwenza imisebe, kodwa utyando alukwazi ukuyenza emva kwemitha." Le bango ayilona yinyaniso. Ukulinywa kwembewu emadlelweni kumadoda aphindaphindiweyo kwi-prostate emva kokuba i-radiation isenziwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho isizathu esichukumisayo ngakumbi sokungayigxina "ingxabano yokulandelana." Ukuqala ngokuhlinzwa okwenziwe ngengqiqo kwiminyaka eyi-15 edlulileyo xa utyando kunye nemirhumo yegazi yayinezinga elingafaniyo lokunyanga kunye nemiphumo emibi. Namhlanje le ngxabano ekhethekileyo. Iimitha zemihla yangoku ziba nemiphumo embalwa kakhulu kunezixhobo zokuhlinzwa kunye namazinga okuphulukiswa ngokufanelekileyo. Xa ufuna ukunyanga umdlavuza, kutheni uqale ngokunyanga okungaphantsi kunye nobutyhafu xa uqhuba unyango olungcono kulondolozo?
9. Izabelo zeMbewu kunye neRaam Radiation Zonke ziyafana
Kukho ubuncinane iintlobo ezi-5 ezahlukeneyo zombane kwaye zinokuhlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini:
- Imbewu yomswakama-osisigxina kunye nesikhashana-apho i-radiation ifakwa kwi-prostate
- I-radiation-I-IMRT, i-SBRT kunye nonyango lweproton-apho i-radiation igxilwe ngomzimba ukubetha iprotate
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi ndlela ezihlukeneyo zidibeneyo. Kuze kube kutshanje, ukucinga ukuba ukunyanga kwamazinga kwakufana nazo zonke iindlela.
Le nkolelo ishintshile ukususela kwipapasho yesilingo esilungeleleneyo esilungelelanisa iqondo elide lexesha elide lokuphulukiswa kwemitha, kunye nembewu, ukuhambisa imisebe yodwa. Emva kweminyaka engama-9 emva kokonyango, amadoda aphathwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwembewu kunye nokukhanya kwemitha yamanzi ayinciphiso ye-20 ekhulwini lomngcipheko wokuphindwa kwakhona xa kuthelekiswa namadoda ayenomlilo wodwa.
Ukuphindaphinda kwe-Prostate Cancer = Ukufa
Uninzi unomdlavuza-umphunga, ikholoni, kunye ne-pancreatic umzekelo-ukuba ubuya emva kwonyango, kubangela ukufa phakathi konyaka okanye ezimbini. Ngoko, akumangalisi ukuba igama elithi "umhlaza" lubetha ukwesaba entliziyweni yabantu. Kodwa abantu kufuneka baqonde ukuba ukufa okukude kumdlavuza wesibeletho, nangona xa uphinda unyango emva kokuba unyango okanye utyando lwe-radiation, aluqondanga. Ukuba umntu ophethwe ngaphambili ngenxa yesifo somhlaza wesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo sesifo se-prostate, ukuthi, ukhulisa i-PSA ekhulayo emdlalweni obuyela emva, umlinganiselo wokuphila uneminyaka engaphezu kwe-13.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezongezelelweyo izigulana zokuba nethemba. Isantya senkqubela phambili efunyenwe ngeteknoloji yezobugcisa ikhawuleza kakhulu. Unyango lwamajoni omzimba lubonakala lunomdla kakhulu. Umongameli owayengumongameli uJimmy Carter wokumangalisa ngokumangalisayo kwi-melanoma ye-metastatic eyayinokuqhathaniswa nesibindi kunye nengqondo, ngumzekelo wamva nje. Ezinye iindidi ezintsha zonyango zijolise kwaye zihlasele izifo ze-metastatic kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kuwo wonke umzimba. Ekugqibeleni, unyango olukhethiweyo lwezofuzo luya kuba luncedo ngenxa yokufikelela okulula kwangoko kuhlalutyo oluchanekileyo lwesifo sofuba. Uphando lu qhubela phambili. Ngoko abantu abanomdlavuza wesibeletho banethemba elilindelekileyo labaninzi, ngokubhekiselele, ukuphumelela okubalulekileyo kwikusasa elizayo.