Ngezinye iinkcukacha ii-X-rays zibi kakhulu kwaye ngezinye izihlandlo azikho
Enye yezinto ezingenasidlangalazo kodwa iziphumo zonke eziqhelekileyo kwi-X-ray isifuba into ebizwa ngokuba ngumthunzi kwimpompo. Nangona singathatha ukuba ithetha into ebalulekileyo, ukufumana oko akuyikho ukuxilongwa kodwa kunoko kukuqwalasela okungaqhelekiyo kwaye akufunekanga uphando oluthe gqolo.
Nangona iipateni ezithile ezahlukileyo zingachaza ukuba yintoni, kuya kufuneka iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe ukuxilongwa okucacileyo.
Ekugqibeleni, isithunzi empompo sinokuba into enzulu okanye ayithethi nto nhlobo. Cinga ngolu hlobo lokuqala kwisifo.
Ukufunda i-X-ray okanye iSkena
Kungaba luncedo ukucinga ngezifundo ze-radiology (ezibandakanya i-X-ray, i-CT scan kunye neMRI) njengemifanekiso kwimifanekiso emnyama, emhlophe, neyimpunga. Izakhiwo ezinamandla okanye ezinzulu ezifana nethambo, intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu ibonakala imhlophe. Ngokwahlukileyo, izakhiwo ezizaliswe ngomoya ezifana nemiphunga ziya kubonakala zimnyama. Izakhiwo ezidlulayo okanye nantoni na ephakathi ziya kubonakala kwiimithunzi zegrey.
Ngezinye iinkcukacha ama-Radiology scans akwazi ukufunda ngenxa yokuba izakhiwo zithe gqwa, kwaye, nangona ubona ukungaqhelekanga, kunzima ukuqonda oko. Nangona ezinye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga zingachazwa izakhiwo ezifana nobukhulu, i-nodule, okanye i-tumor, ngamanye amaxesha ukubonakala kwazo akunakuchazwa kakuhle. Ngaloo ndlela, sinokubhekisela kubo njengesilonda, indawo okanye isithunzi.
Izizathu ezinokuthi zenze i-Shadow kwi-Lung
Xa i-radiologist ithatha isithunzi emphunjini, ugqirha uya kuqala ukuhlola iingxaki ezinokusekelwe kuyo nayiphi na inkcazo okanye iimpawu ezinokuthi zibe khona.
Ezi zingabandakanya imbali yonyango yomntu, imbali yentsapho, iimvavanyo zelabhu, kunye nezinto ezinjengokutshaya okanye ukuchayeka kwii-toxins zomsebenzi.
Phakathi kwezizathu ezinokwenzeka:
- Izakhiwo ezidlulayo, njengezitho kunye nemithambo yegazi, zingahlanganiswa ngomfanekiso ngendlela enjengokudala isithunzi.
- Iimbambo eziphazamisekileyo ngamanye amaxesha zimele ziphosakele ngenxa yobunzima kwi X-ray.
- I-hiatal hernias ( ukuhlanjululwa kwesisu kwisigxoba sesifuba) sinokubonakala ngathi yinto engafanelekanga ngokucacileyo kwi-X-ray esifubeni.
- I-pneumonia yintsholongwane yeengxowa zomoya zemiphunga ezidla ngokubonakalayo okanye zi-opaque kwi-X-ray.
- Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kukubonakala kwimizi emanzi phakathi kweemiphunga kunye nodonga lwesifuba.
- I-edema ye-pulmonary imeko ebandakanya ukuqokelelwa kwamanzi emaphaphu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo.
- I-aortic aneurysm (ukwandiswa kwe-aorta intliziyo) inokubangela isithunzi kwi-X-rays esifubeni.
- Umdlavuza womlenze ungabonakala njengethunzi ngaphandle kwenqununu ecacileyo okanye ubunzima.
- Izibilini ze-Benign zingafana ne-X-ray njengethunzi okanye indawo.
- Isifo sesifo sofuba sisifo se-bhakteria emiphaphini enokungaqhelekanga kwii-X-rays kwizifo zakuqala.
- I-Sarcoidosis isifo esivuthayo esichaphazela amaninzi amaninzi adala ukuphuhliswa kwama-granulomas (i-granulated tissue).
- I-Pneumothorax , eyaziwayo ngokugqithiseleyo njengemiphunga epholileyo, ingabangela ukungafanisi kwi-X-ray malunga nommandla wokuwa.
I-X-Rays iyawa mfutshane ekuchongeni ukufutshane kweLung
Xa sicinga ngomhlaza, sisoloko sithatha umlinganiselo kwaye silindele ukusibona kuloo X-ray. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oko akunjalo. Enyanisweni, phakathi kweepesenti ezili-12 kunye ne-30 ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu baya kuba ne-X-ray eqhelekileyo ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
Uphando olwenziwe ngo-2006 luye lwabonisa ukuba malunga nama-25 ekhulwini esifubeni se-X-rays eyenziwa kwizigulane ezineemiphunga yomhlaza wamapayipi zazingekho phantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 emva kokuxilongwa.
Inyaniso elula kukuba i-X-rays ikwazi ukukhumbula umdlavuza wamaphaphu kwaye, ngenxa yesi sizathu, ayisetyenzisiwe njengesixhobo sokuhlola.
Iimvavanyo ezenziweyo Ukuba umdlavuza usalindelekile
Kwimeko apho kukho isithunzi kwi-X ray kunye nomhlaza, umgqirha wakho unokuyalela ibhetri yeemvavanyo ukuba ahlalutye kangcono isizathu. Phakathi kwezi ndlela:
- I-tomography e-Compact (CT scan) isebenzisa i-X-ray ukwenza imifanekiso emininzi yemiphunga yakho njengoko ihlola yonke indawo yesifuba.
- I-imagination resonance magnetic (MRI) isebenzisa amagagasi amakhulu ukudala imifanekiso. Ikwahlula izicubu ezithambileyo kunezo-CT kwaye ziyakwazi ukuchonga ukuba isifo esibi sisasaze ngaphaya kwemipuphu kunye nodonga lwesifuba.
- I-Positron ukukhishwa kwe-tomography (i-PET scan) yindlela yokuhlola i-imaging ebonisa umsebenzi we-cell cell. Labo abangasebenzi kakuhle, njengamaseli esifo somhlaza, bachongwa ngokulula ngoku kwesi sixhobo.
- I-bronchoscopy yinkqubo apho umda ufakwa kwimiphunga ukuze wenze uvavanyo olubonakalayo.
- I-biopsy ye-Lung ikususwa kweesampuli zesisindo zokuvavanya. Kungenziwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo ye-bronchoscopic, ngokufaka inaliti kwisigxina sesifuba, okanye nge-biopsy evulekile.
Ngale mvavanyo, kukho imigaqo emibini ebalulekileyo ukubonisa. Uvavanyo olufana ne-x-ray, i-CT, kunye ne-MRI ziyi "mvavanyo". Basenokusixelela ukuba akukho nto engabonakaliyo, kodwa usitshele ngokungathandekiyo malunga nokuba yinto engafaniyo. I-PET ihlola, ngokuchaseneyo, iilingo "zokusebenza". Xa zidibaniswe ne-CT abazitshiyo kuphela ukuba isilonda sisekhona kodwa ukuba le ntsholongwane ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubaluleke nakakhulu ukuba umntu unesicaka emiphakeni yakhe kwipilisi yangaphambili yamaritha, kwimeko yangaphambili ye-pneumonia, okanye kwintsholongwane yangaphambili yesifo esingaziwayo (njenge-coccidiomycosis nabanye). Umdla omtsha ungabonakala ufana nezicathulo ezinobumba kwiimvavanyo zengqondo. Iimvavanyo zokusebenza zengqondo ezifana ne-PET, ngokuchaseneyo, ziza kubonisa ukuba umhlaza ukhula ngokukhawuleza (ukhanyisa) ngelixa indawo yesikhumba esibuhlungu ayiyi kukhanya.
Ngaphandle kokuvavanywa kweempawu zombini kunye nokusebenza, i-biopy idla ngokufunekayo ukuqinisekisa okanye ukulawula ukuxilongwa. Ukongezelela ekunikezeni ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo, i-biopsy inokunika oogqirha ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nento ebonwa phantsi kwe-microscope kunye neempawu zee-molecular ukuba ubunzima xa kuyisisu.
ILizwi
Ngelixa isithunzi esikhwameni se-X-ray sinokubandezeleka, akufanele uqhube isibhamu uze uthathe okubi kakhulu. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokungaqhelekanga kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, yinto eseleyo yintsholongwane esesigqithiseleyo esele isisombululo okanye iqoqo lezakhiwo eziqhelekileyo ezifunyenwe esifubeni.
Sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuba uchaze isizathu, kwaye, nangona kukho into enzulu njengomhlaza, ukubamba okokuqala-xa ityathwa kakhulu-ihlala ihlanganiswe. Ngokuqinisekileyo, abaninzi abantu abava ilizwi elithi "umthunzi emphumpeni" bayesaba umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Okwenziwe ngabantu abaqhelekanga, nangona kunjalo, ukuba unyango lomhlaza wamaphaphu luya kuphucula kwaye amazinga okuphila asanda. Ngaphandle kwimihlaza yesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu aphezulu ngoku, ezinye zezi zicubu zinokugcinwa zijonge ixesha elide ngenxa yezonyango ezinjengezonyango ezijoliswe kuzo kunye neyeza-immunotherapy.
> Imithombo:
> Ede, B .; Rollins, J .; kunye no-Smith, B. (2016) I -Atlas ye-Atlas ye-Radiografication Positioning and Procedures, Edition 13. Maryland Heights, Missouri: Mosby / Elsevier.
> Phinda HI. Iimigaqo kunye nokuSebenza kweCarcer yeLung: I-Official Reference Reference ye-IASLC. Philadelphia: IWolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. Print.
> Stapley, S .; Sharp, D ;. kunye noHamilton, W. I-Brit J Gen iSebenzi. 2006; 58 (529); 570-579.