Iintlobo, iinkqubo kunye neengxaki ze-Biopsy Lung
I-biopsy yamapapu inganconywa ukuba unomkhonto wamathumbu okanye ubunzima, okanye ukuba ugqirha wakho ukhusele ukuba unesifo okanye enye imeko yomphunga. Yiyiphi i-biopsy yamapapu, yenziwa njani kwaye ziziphi iingxaki ezikhoyo?
Yintoni I-Biopsy?
I-biopsy yamapapu yinkqubo yokufumana isampuli yamathambo enqabileyo. Ngokukhangela isampuli yamathambo phantsi kwe-microscope, oogqirha banako ukuqonda kangcono oko kubangela ukuba kungabonakali, kwaye ingaba inkqubo iyaba nomhlaza okanye cha.
Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-biopsy imiphunga ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga kunye nesiprofayili se-molecular okanye i-genetic ye-tumor.
Izizathu ze-Biopsy Lung
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ze-biopsy ingaphakanyiswa:
- Ukuvavanya i-nodule okanye ubunzima obonwayo kwisifundo somfanekiso wesifuba, nokubona ukuba sisifo esibi okanye esibi (umhlaza).
- Ukulandela emva kweziphumo ezingavumelekanga kwi-TB yomhlaza wesifo somhlaza. Ziziphi amathuba ukuba ngumhlaza xa ukuhlolwa komhlaza wakho wamaphaphu kubonisa i-nodule ?
- Ukufumanisa ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Izifo ezithintekayo zingabaktheriya (njengesifo sofuba), i-viral okanye i-fungal (njenge-aspergillosis okanye i-coccidiomycosis.)
- Ukuxilonga isifo seemiphunga ezifana ne- sarcoidosis , i- pulmonary fibrosis , i-granulomatosis ye-Wegener okanye isifo se-pulmatic lung .
- Ukwenza uvavanyo lwezofuzo (iprofayile ye-molecular) kumdlavuza wemiphunga . Olu vavanyo lujonge "utshintsho" lomzimba-oko kukuthi, utshintsho kumaseli omhlaza "aqhuba" umdlavuza, ezininzi zazo ngoku zifumane unyango.
- Ukuchonga uhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga .
- Ukukunceda ukufumana isigaba somhlaza wesifo somdlavuza.
Iintlobo ze-Biopsy kunye neNkqubo
Kukho iindlela ezine eziphambili oogqirha abanokuzenza i-biopsy indawo yeso sikrama samangqamukrakra:
- Inaliti ye-biopsy (ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yintsimbi ye-needle biopsy okanye i-biopsy ye-needle ngayinye)
- I-Transbronchial biopsy (eyenziwa ngexesha le-bronchoscopy kunye ne-endobronchial ultrasound)
- Bioposcopic biopsy
- Vula iipopu zepopu
Makhe sijonge nganye kule nkqubo ngokuhlukileyo.
I-Needle Lung Biopsy
Kwisaliti ephilileyo imiphunga yephunga , oogqirha bafaka inaliti ende kumqolo wakho kunye nomphunga wakho ukuze ufumane isampuli yamathambo. Oku kwenziwa nge-CT scanner okanye i-ultrasound ukukunceda ukukhokela inaliti kwindawo efanelekileyo. Inyosi ye-nopsi yindlela encinci yokusasaza ummandla osolisayo kwimiphunga yakho, kodwa ayisoloko ifumana izicubu ezaneleyo zokwenza i-diagnostic. Inaliti ye-lung biopsy ibizwa nangokuthi "i-transthoracic" ye-biopsy okanye "i-biopsy".
Transbronchial Biopsy
I-biopsy ye-transbronchial yenziwa ngethuba le- bronchoscopy , inqubo apho umda uqondiswa khona ukusuka emlonyeni wakho ukuya kwi-airways ephezulu yemiphophu yakho. Ngomncediso we-ultrasound ( endobronchial ultrasound ), oogqirha banokuthi baqondise inaliti kwindawo yecangca kwaye bafumane isampuli (i-transbronchial needle aspiration.) Le nqubo iphumelela kakhulu xa ukungaqhelekanga okanye i-tumor ikhona okanye kufuphi ne-airways enkulu kwimiphunga.
I-Thoracoscopic Lung Biopsy
Kwi-bioposcopic lung biopsy, ububanzi buqaliswa ngodonga lwesifuba kunye nommandla wempompo ukuba ube yi-biopsied.
Ngexesha le-biopsy thoracoscopic, ikhamera yevidiyo isetyenziselwa ukunceda oogqirha ukuba bafumane kwaye bahlasele indawo yesikhumba. Kule nkqubo, eyaziwa nangokuthi utyando lwe-thoracoscopic (VATS) olwenziwe ngevidiyo, oogqirha banokukwazi ukususa indawo yesikhumba esisolisayo okanye i-lobe yomphunga onomdlavuza. (Qaphela: Abayi kwenza oku ngaphandle kokuxoxa ngale nto phambi kwenkqubo.)
Vula i-Lung Biopsy
Njengendlela eyona nto ingabonakaliyo yokutshekisha izicubu, i-biopsy evulekile ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuba isampulule izicubu xa ezinye iindlela zingaphumeleli. Le yinkqubo enkulu yokupasa, eyenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Kungadinga ukuhlula iimbambo okanye ukususa inxalenye yembambo ukuze ufikelele kwimiphunga.
Ngamanye amaxesha, i-biopsy evulekile yenziwa njengenxalenye yokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe i-nodule okanye ubunzima, ngakumbi ukuba ugqirha wakho uyaqiniseka ukuba unomdlavuza.
Utywala lweNkunkuma
I -biopsy yamanzi iyindawo entsha enomdla efundelwa ukuhlola umhlaza wemiphunga. Le nkqubo, efuna i-drawn draw yegazi, ibheka ukujikeleza iseli somhlaza ukuze kuhlolwe i-DNA ye-tumor yokuguqulwa kwegazi-oko kukuthi, utshintsho kumaseli omhlaza apho kukho unyango oluthile olufumanekayo. Ngamanye amaxesha xa kwenziwa i-biopsy yamaphaphu, oogqirha abakwazi ukukhipha izicubu ezaneleyo ukwenza olu vavanyo, kwaye i-biopsy yamanzi ingenza iziphumo zifumaneke ngaphandle kokuba zilandele ezinye izicubu zesisu.
NgoJuni ka-2016 i-biopsy yamanzi yokuqala yavunywa ukuba ifumene utshintsho lwe-EGFR kubantu abanomdlavuza ongasetyenzana wesifo somhlaza.
Iziphumo zeNgqungquthela Yakho Yengwenya
Ukuba ugqirha wakho unako ukufumana isampula esihle seethambo, uya kuva malunga neziphumo ezinyangeni ezimbini ukuya kwethathu-nangona ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha ixesha elide, ingakumbi ukuba ngaphezulu kweyona pathologist inqwenela ukuphonononga iziphumo. Kunceda ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngexesha lenkqubo xa unokulindela ukuva iziphumo zakho, kwaye ukuba uya kufumana umnxeba okanye ukuba kufuneka wenze i-aphoyintimenti yokufunda ngeziphumo. Abanye oogqirha bayakwazi ukukubiza kwifowuni ukukwazisa iziphumo zabo ngelixa abanye banqwenela ukumisela ukuqokwa kokulandelwa ukuhamba kweziphumo.
Eli nqaku lithetha malunga nendlela yokuqonda ingxelo yakho yokugula kwi-biopsy yakho.
Nangona ugqirha wakho unokufumana ingcamango entle yokokuba iziphumo ziza kuba ziphi, akuqhelekanga ukuba oogqirha bangalunganga emva kokubona isampula yeethambo. Ubuninzi bokungaqhelekanga ngumhlaza buxhomekeka kwiimeko ezininzi, enye yazo ubukhulu. Izigulane ze-Lung (amabala empompe anesentimitha ezintathu) okanye angaphantsi) ayinakwenzeka ukuba abe yingozi kunamabala emiphunga (amabala kumpompo angaphezu kwama-3 cm ubukhulu). Uluhlu lwezinye zezizathu ezinokubonakala zingabonwa ngokuchofoza kwiikhonkco ezingezantsi.
Ngesinye isihlandlo, isampuli yeethambo asibonakalisi ukuxilongwa. Ingxelo efana nale ingabuyiselwa "ngokungenakulinganiswa." Ukuba kunjalo, kusekho iindlela ezininzi. Ukuba ubunzima buphantsi ukuba ukungaqhelekanga esifubeni sakho ngumhlaza, ungakhetha ukulinda uze wenze ukuphinda kuphinde kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngokufanayo, nangona indawo ingaba nomhlaza kwaye ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo akuyi kuguqula unyango, unokukhetha ukulinda.
Ukuba ngenye indlela, ukuxilongwa kubalulekile, wena kunye nodokotela wakho unokukhetha ukuphinda i-biopsy okanye ufumane iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana isampuli yenyama. Unokufunda okungakumbi malunga nokwahlukana phakathi kweentlungu ezibi kunye nezizathu zokuthi ukwahlula maxa wambi kunzima.
Profilation
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba wonke umntu onomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamangqamuzana ongeyomncinci kufuneka abe novavanyo lwemizimba (ukufayilila kwimileksi) eyenziwe kwi-tumor yabo. Thetha ugqirha ukuba awuzange uyive le ngxoxo. Njengamanje, amayeza avunyelwe abo banokulungiswa kwe-ALK , ukuguqulwa kwe-EGFR , kunye nokulungiswa kwe-ROS1 kunye nokunyangwa kweminye imitshintsho ejoliswe kuyo kuyenziwa kwiimvavanyo zeclini.
Ingozi ye-Lung Biopsy
Ingozi ye-biopsy yamaphaphu iyahluka ngohlobo lwenkqubo, indawo yesikhumba kunye nempilo yakho jikelele. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ziphuma kumanzi okanye ukuvuza kwamanzi kumphunga wakho. Ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ziquka:
- I-Pneumothorax - ukuwa kwempompo (ukuvuza komoya) - Ukuba uhlakulela i-pneumothorax ngenxa ye-biopsy, ugqirha wakho uya kufuneka ukuba abeke ityhubhu yesifuba . Le ityhubhu evumela umoya ukuba uphume emaphaphini uze udibanise umoya.
- Ukuhlamba.
- Sulelo.
- Umngcipheko we-anesthesia. Bobabini i-anesthesia yendawo kunye ne- anesthesia jikelele ingakwazi ukuthwala ingozi.
- Ukufudumala komoya -Ukuvuza komoya kwimibhobho emikhulu ekwazi ukuhamba entliziyweni; ekubhekiselwe kuyo njenge-embroidism ye-systemic emoyeni, iyenzeka ngaphantsi kwepesenti enye ye-aphile ye-biopsies.
- Ukuxhamla "ukuhluma" - Kukho umngcipheko wokuba i-tumor iya kufakelwa kwinqanaba le-aphil biopsy xa i-biopsy eyiyo yenziwa. Lo mngcipheko awunqabile, kwaye ngexesha langoku, i-needle biopsies ithathwa njengendlela ekhuselekileyo yokuthatha i-biopsy yemiphunga xa kuyimfuneko.
Iimvakalelo Zakho Ngaphambi kokuba i-Lung Biopsy
Kungakhathaliseki isizathu sokuba ugqirha wakho ucebise i-biopsy yamaphaphu, ukungaqiniseki kunzima ukujamelana nayo. Abantu abaninzi baye bathi baziva bexolweni kunye nokuxilongwa okubi kunokuhlala kwindawo engazi.
Ncike kwiintsapho zakho kunye nabahlobo ngeli xesha. Ukufikelela kubantu obaziyo baya kukunceda ukujamelana nokulinda, njengabo bahlala bevusa umoya. Leli lixesha elifanelekileyo lokucela abazithandayo ukuba 'bangaxilisi' uze ukwazi okunye, kwaye ubaleke ukwabelana ngamabali abo (oko sikubiza ngamabali amahlazo) malunga nabanye abaye bajamelana nesimo esifanayo.
Ukuba ingqondo yakho iya kwiimeko ezibi kakhulu, khumbula ukuba amayeza ahlala eshintsha. Ukuba unokuxilongwa okufanayo nogogo wakho wenza iminyaka edlulileyo, akuthethi ukuba uya kuba namava afanayo. Kwakukho unyango olutsha olwamkelwe ukonyango lomhlaza wamaphaphu phakathi kuka-2011 no-2016 kuneminyaka engama-40 ngaphambi ko-2011.
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