Iinqununu zamapululoni ezininzi zingabonakalisa okanye zibi
Ukuba unesixhwama se-X-ray kwaye ucebise ukuba i-radiologist ibone "amanqindi amaninzi emiphunga" okanye "amanqindi amaninzi epommoni," into yokuqala engayikhumbula engumhlaza. Kwaye, nangona, ewe, umhlaza ngokuqinisekileyo uyakuba yimbangela, kunokukho nezinye iinkcazelo. Masiqwalasele ngenyameko inkcazo yamapululula emiphunga, indlela okuhluke ngayo ubunzima, kunye nezinye iimpawu zesigxina esinokubonisa ukuba sisifo somhlaza okanye esingenomdlavuza.
Ukuqonda iiNodules ezininzi zeLung
Iigununu zamathambo (ezikwaziwa nangokuthi iipukululwazi zamapululumu) zibonakala zibizwa ngokuthi "amabala" okanye "izilonda" kwi-X-ray kwaye ziya kulinganisa iisentimitha ezintathu (malunga neekhilomitha enye neekhilomitha) okanye ngaphantsi ububanzi. Kuthetha ukuba izilonda ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zabonwa zichasene ne- solun pulmonary nodule (SPN) .
Izigulane ze-Lung ziqhelekile, zivela kwenye yazo zonke ii-X-rays esifubeni. Kwisifundo esinye, ama-51 ekhulwini abantu ababhemayo abaneminyaka engama-50 ubudala nangaphezulu babe ne-MPN kwimpompo.
Iimpawu zeCarcerous and Non-Cancerous Nodules
Xa iigununu zamaphammoni ezininzi (MPN) zibonakala kwi-scan, ukuqala kokuthatha isifo ngumhlaza. I-Cancer yiyona nto ibangela kakhulu i-MPN kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ibe ngumphumo we- metastasis (xa umhlaza usasazeka kwi-tumor yokuqala ukuya kwezinye iindawo zomzimba).
Kodwa "okuqhelekileyo" ayithethi "kuphela." Kukho phantse amaninzi (angenayo umdlavuza) ezibangela i-MPN njengoko kukho iindawo ezimbi (ezinomdlavuza).
Ukongezelela, indlela iigununu ezibukeka ngayo kwi-scan zingachaza ukuba ziphi uhlobo.
Iinqununu ezininzi ziyakwazi ukuba nomhlaza xa ziyingxenye eyodwa yesentimitha (malunga ne 1/4 intshi) okanye ngaphezulu ububanzi. Iimodyuli ezingaphantsi kwamamitha amahlanu (1/4 intshi), ngokukodwa xa zisasazwa kwiindawo zokukhupha phakathi kwe-lobes yomphunga okanye kunye nezicubu ezithinta umphunga, ziyakwazi ukuba zilungele.
Ngaphezu koko, ukuba iigununu zakho zichazwa ngokuthi "zibalwe," kunokwenzeka ukuba zibenobungozi. Ngokwahlukileyo, iigunyuli ezichazwe njengezinto ezibonakalayo "ukukhanya kweglasi" kubonakala ngathi zibi.
Izizathu zeModules Multi Lung Nodules
Iinqununu ezininzi zamapululoni zingabangelwa zizifo ezinobungozi okanye ezinobungozi. Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- I-Cancer yiyona nto iphambili ye-MPN, ngakumbi kubantu abanomdla wentsapho yomlando. inxulunyaniswa ne-metastasis yomhlaza wesifuba, umdlavuza wekolon, umdlavuza wesifo seprotate kunye nomhlaza wesisu.
- I-lymph nodes zithotywe kunye nomgca womphunga (obizwa ngokuba yi- pleura ) kwaye, njengabo bonke i-lymph node, ingaba yandisa ngexesha losulelo. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokufundwa njengendawo kwi X-ray.
- Izibilini ze-Benign nazo zingahlakulela emiphakeni, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yimizimba enokuthi i- hamartomas . Ezinye iintlobo zezicubu ezinobungozi ziquka i-fibromas, i-adonomas, i-hemangiomas kunye ne-blastomas.
- Izifo ezizimela ngokuzenzekelayo yilezo apho i-immune system ihlaselwa ngokungaziwayo iiseli zomzimba. Bambi ngamanye amaxesha bakha i-granulations kunye nokukhula okubonakala ngathi mabala kwi-X-ray. Iimbangela ziquka i-rheumatoid arthritis, i- sarcoidosis kunye ne-eosinophilia.
- Izifo zempempa zidla ngezinye iindawo zibonakalisa njengamaqela amaninzi okanye ahlukumezayo kwi-scan. Ezi ziquka ukusuleleka kubhaktheriya njengesifo sesifo sofuba, ukusuleleka kwi-fungal njenge-histoplasmosis kunye ne-cryptococcosis, kunye nezifo ezinjenge-echinococcosis.
- I-Pneumoconiosis , eyaziwa nangokuthi isifo se-black lung, isabakho kwi-2 ekhulwini yabasebenzi bemayini yamalahle kwaye idibaniswa nokubunjwa kwee-nodules ezimbini ukuya kwi-millimeter.
- Iingca ezivela kwiintsholongwane zangaphambili zingabonakalisa kwi-X-rays esifubeni, kaninzi kubantu abangazange baqaphele ukuba banesifo.
Ukuxilongwa kweziNodules zeMulitple Pulmonary
Ekubeni iinjongo eziqhelekileyo ze-MPN ngumhlaza wesifo se-metastatic, oogqirha baya kuqalisa ukuphanda kwabo ngokukhangela isisu sokuqala (sokuqala) . Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto zokuqala zokuxilongwa, ugqirha unokuyalela umthambo ukuba afune isisu sesifuba okanye i-colonoscopy ukukhangela i-tumor tumor.
Iimvavanyo zokufunda ezongezelelweyo zingasetyenziselwa, kuquka:
- I-tomography e-Compact (CT scan) esebenzisa i-X-ray ukudala iskrini esilinganisayo
- Umfanekiso we-magnontic resonance (MRI), osebenzisa amaza ombane ukucinga
- Isikhundla sokukhishwa kwe-tomography (i-PET scan), ekwazi ukubona i-cell metabolism engasetshenziswanga njengento eyenziwa ngumhlaza
Ucwaningo luye lwaphakamisa ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-CT kunye ne-PET ukukhangela kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi ekuqaliseni imbambano ye-MPN ngaphezu kovavanyo oluzimeleyo. Ukuba imbangela yeengqungquthela zakho zisaqondakali emva kokucinga, i- biopsy yomphunga ingenziwa ukuze ifumane isampuli yesishu.
Unyango lweModules MultiLung Nodules
Ukunyangwa kwe-MPN kuya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu. Iinqununu zeBenign zisoloko zihlala zodwa. Ama-Nodules anxulumene nosulelo angaphathwa nge-antibiotics, i-antifungal, okanye i-antiparasitic.
Ukuba umhlaza we-metastatic unokuthi ufumaneke, unyango luya kunikwa ngokusekelwe ngokusisiseko kwiindawo eziphambili. Izindlela zokuzalwa ezintsha ezifana ne- stereotactic body body radiotherapy (i-SBRT) ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga enye, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amaninzi. Iindlela ezintsha zokujoliswa kwonyango zinika ixesha elide lokuphila kunye nemiphumo embalwa yonyango kunanini ngaphambili.
Ngaphantsi xa Uxelelwe ukuba Unayo i-Lung Nodules ezininzi
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imbali yakho yezonyango, uxelelwa ukuba unamaqanda amaninzi emiphunga. Asiyi kukunika ithemba elingamanga, kwaye uyavuma ukuba ezininzi zezi ntsholongwane zinomdlavuza. Kodwa khumbula ukuba kukho ezininzi izizathu ezinobungozi. Ukususela kwiimeko ezizimeleyo ukuya kwizifo ezifayo, abantu abaninzi bayaboyika ukuba banomdlavuza baze bafunde ukuba iigulane zabo zinezizathu eziphathekayo.
Sekunjalo, nangona iigunqa zakho zingumdlavuza, kukho phantse ukhetha ukufumana unyango. Mhlawumbi ayenzi unyango olunonophelo, kodwa unyango olunokunciphisa iimpawu kwaye kaninzi lunweba ubomi.
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza, ngaphandle kokuqokelela inkqubo yakho yenkxaso kunye kunye nokufunda ukufumana uthando kunye noncedo, kukuba ngummeli wakho ekunyamekeleni kwakho. Njengoko sitshilo, nokuba nomdlavuza wesifo semiphunga kumaphepha uhlala unyango, kwaye ezo zikhetho zonyango ziguquka ngokukhawuleza. Siye safunda ukuba inxalenye echaphazelekayo yeqela lakho lononophelo lwempilo alinakukunika amandla kuphela, kodwa ukuthatha indawo yakho kwisihlalo somqhubi kwinkathalo yakho yezempilo kunokuchaphazela nesiphumo sakho ngokunjalo.
> Imithombo:
> Baldwin, D .; Umnxebi, uM .; kunye neQumrhu loPhuhliso loLawulo. "Izikhokelo zeBritish Thoracic Guidelines ekuphenyweni nasekulawuleni iigununu zamapulmon." Thorax . 2015; 70 (8): 794-8.
> Unxibelelwano, uMnu noBaldwin, D. "Iimodyuli zePulmonary kufanele ziphandwe njani kwaye zilawulwe kakuhle?" Cancer Lung . 2016; 91: 48-55.
> de Hoop, B; van Ginneken, B; I-Gietema, H .; kunye ne-Prokop, M. "Iipilisi zepulmonary perifissural kwi-CT scan: ukukhula ngokukhawulezileyo akukona ukuxhomekeka kobuhlungu." Radiology. 2012; 265 (2): 611-6.
> Detterbeck, F .; IMarom, E .; Arenberg, D .; okqhubekayo. "I-Cancer Ukunikezela njengeNodules ezininzi kunye neGround Glass okanye i-Lepidic Features okanye i-Pneumonic Type of Involvement kwiNgqungquthela yeshumi elinesibini ye-TNM." Umbhalo we-Thoracic Oncology . 2016; 11 (5): 666-80.
> Sato, Y .; Fujimoto, D .; Morimoto, T .; okqhubekayo. Imbali Yendalo kunye Nezonyango zeMpawu zePulmonary Nodules ngeGround Glass Opacity. " Ukuhlaselwa. 2017; I-DOI: 10.1111 / umhla ka-1389 (Epub ngaphambi kokuprintwa).