Ifom yeGranulomas kwiBhunga
I-Sarcoidosis isifo esingaba khona kuwo wonke umzimba kodwa kakhulu sithinta imiphunga. Kwi-sarcoidosis, ukuvuvukala kuvelisa izibane zamaseli (i-granulomas) kwiisisu zomzimba. I-Granulomas iyakhula kwaye idibanise kunye kwaye ichaphaze indlela ilungu lomzimba elisebenza ngayo. Kutheni i-granulomas ifom ingacacile, kodwa abaphandi bacinga ukuba i-sarcoidosis iqala xa isistim somzimba siphendula kwinto ethile kwindawo.
I-Sarcoidosis ithinta amadoda kunye nabasetyhini babo bonke ubudala kunye nemveli. Ngokuqhelekileyo ixilongwe rhoqo kubantu abadala phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 no-40 ubudala. I-Sarcoidosis ivela rhoqo kwiiSweden, amaDanes, ama-Afrika aseMerika kunye nabantu base-Asia, isi-Irish kunye nePuerto Rican. Abantu abanokukwazi ukuphuhlisa i-sarcoidosis ziquka:
- abasebenzi bezempilo
- abangabikhoyo
- ootitshala besikolo esiphakathi nesekondari
- abantu abonakaliswe ngothuli lwezolimo, inambuzane, i-pesticides okanye isikhunta
- abacima umlilo
Iimpawu zeSarcoidosis
Abantu abaninzi abane-sarcoidosis (30 ukuya kuma-50 ekhulwini) abanalo iimpawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, lesi sifo sithotyelwa ngengozi xa aba bantu benesixhwama x-ray enye into. Phantse enye yesithathu yabantu abane-sarcoidosis baneempawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana:
- umkhuhlane
- ukukhathala, ubuthathaka
- ukulahleka kwesisindo okanye ukulahleka kwesidlo
- abaziva kakuhle (malaise)
Abantu abane-sarcoidosis abanemiphunga echaphazelekayo ngesifo (iipesenti ezingama-90 zabantu) baneempawu ezifana nale:
- ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- ukukhwehlela
- ivili
- isifuba esifubeni, ingakumbi ngokukhwehlela
Izimpawu zesikhumba kwi-sarcoidosis (iipesenti ezingama-25 zabantu) zingaquka:
- izilonda, izilonda okanye indawo zesikhumba esicacileyo kufuphi neempumlo, amehlo, umva, iingalo, imilenze, okanye isikhumba
- izibonda ezibuhlungu ezinqeni okanye ezibomvu ezibomvu okanye obomvu ngokubomvu ngombala kunye nokuphakanyiswa kancinci (okubizwa ngokuthi "i-erythema nodosum")
- izilonda zesikhumba okanye ngaphakathi kwempumlo, ehlathini, ezindlebeni, kwiinwele okanye iminwe (ebizwa ngokuthi "lupus pernio")
I-Sarcoidosis inokuchaphazela amehlo, intliziyo kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba, ezibangela iimpawu ezongezelelweyo. I-Sarcoidosis ingabangela intlungu edibeneyo kunye neentlungu. Iimpawu ze-sarcoidosis ziza kufika okanye zigcine ixesha elide. Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezimbalwa nje; abanye banokuba neengxaki ezininzi.
Ukuchonga iSarcoidosis
Ukuxilongwa kwe- sarcoidosis kunokuba ngumngeni ngenxa yempawu ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokuvelisa kwaye ngenxa yezifo ezininzi zingabangela iimpawu ezifanayo. Imbali yonyango epheleleyo kunye novavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba lunokunceda ukufumanisa i-sarcoidosis. Ugqirha uya kuba novavanyo lweendidi ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nesifuba x-ray, iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu, i-electrocardiogram (ECG) kunye ne-computer tomography (CT) ukukhangela ukujonga iimpawu ze-sarcoidosis kwaye uncedo ekuxilongweni. Isampuli yamathambo emiphunga (i-lung biopsy) idla ngokuthathwa ukujonga ubukho bama- granulomas .
Ukunyanga iSarcoidosis
I-Sarcoidosis iyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu, ngoko unyango luyahlukahlukileyo kwisigulane ngasinye kwaye kuxhomekeke kwindlela esilwa ngayo nesifo. Ukwazi ukuba uninzi kangakanani lomzimba oluchaphazelekayo yi-sarcoidosis kwaye ukuba isifo sisenza njani siya kunceda ukufumana inkqubo yokonyango.
Abantu abangenayo impawu ngokubanzi abayidingi unyango. Kwalabo abanempawu, imithi ye-prednisone yonyango oluphambili. Amanye amayeza, afana neRheumatrex (methotrexate) okanye i-Imuran (azathioprine), inokunikezwa kunye ne-prednisone okanye ithathwe yodwa. Amanye amayeza angadinga ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu, ezinjengehla zamehlo okanye iziyobisi zentliziyo. I-Erythema nodosum idla ngokuhamba ngaphandle kwonyango. I-Lupus pernio ingaphathwa ngeekram okanye amayeza athathwe ngomlomo okanye ajojiswe esikhumbeni.
Imithombo:
> "Sarcoidosis." Izifo eziLungwini. Juni 2007. I-National Heart Lung ne-Blood Institute.
UWu, uJennifer J., noKarin Rashcovsky Schiff. "Sarcoidosis." I-American Family Physician 70 (2004): 312-322.