Izizathu kunye neenkcukacha ze-Savant Syndrome
Ngowe-1988, i-movie ethi "Rain Man," eneenkwenkwezi uDustin Hoffman, yazisa abaninzi bethu kwisifo esaziwa njenge- savant syndrome . Kulo mfilimu, uhlamvu lukaHoffman, uRaymond Babbitt, lubonakaliswe ukuba lukhumbule imemori yeenombolo zebhola kunye neencwadi zeefowuni, kunye neetalente ezingenasifo sokubala amakhadi kwi-blackjack.
Ngelixa abanye banokuthi bagxothe i-syndrome njengento engummangaliso waseHollywood, kukho abo abanokubakho imemori kunye nezakhono zokuphuhliswa njengobomi boqobo.
Izizathu kunye neenkcukacha ze-Savant Syndrome
I-Savant syndrome inqabile kakhulu. Ngoxa abantu abane-disistic disorder disorder baye baziwa ngokuba ne-savant syndrome, kunokuhlakulela kwimpilo kamva ngenxa yokulimala kwengqondo okanye isifo (imeko echazwe njenge-savant syndrome). Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwa, kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwindoda kunabesifazane.
Abantu abane-savant syndrome baneememori ezimangalisayo ezihlala zijoliswe kwindawo enye. Ukuziphatha okuchazwe ngokuqhelekileyo kukukhathazeka ngokugqithiseleyo ngezinto ezinjengeenombolo zeelayisenisi zeelayisenisi, imihla yamandulo, iinjongo ze-geografi, uluhlu lwabantu (njengabameli baka-US okanye iinkokheli zehlabathi), kunye nezinye iindwendwe ezininzi.
Abanye balaba bantu banamatheleji obugcisa okanye umculo. Ngako-ke, banokuva i-concerto yepayano kanye kwaye bayakwazi ukuyidlala ngokugqibeleleyo. Abanye banamakhono eemathematika, njengokuba bakwazi ukwenza izibalo ezinzima ngemizuzwana.
Abanye basakwazi ukwenza izibalo zekhalenda, phantse bazinikele ngokukhawuleza usuku lweveki naluphi na usuku oluhleliweyo, oludlulileyo okanye olukhoyo.
Savant in History
Abantu abane-savant syndrome bachazwa kwincwadi yoncedo lwezokwelapha ngo-1751. Kodwa ke, ngo-1997, igama elithi "idiot savant" lenziwe nguDkt J.
Langdon Down (omnye ugqirha ojongene neCristening Down syndrome ). Ngenkcazo yakhe yesifo, uDkt. Down uchazwe njengabantu ngabanye abanama-IQ aphantsi kodwa ulwazi olukhethileyo. Kwakungesi sizathu sokuba wasebenzisa igama elithi "savant," igama lesiFrentshi elithi "wafunda."
Kwimbali, kuye kwaba nenani leenombolo eziphawulekayo ezihambisana nalezi zimpawu, ezibonisa ubuchule obukhethekileyo kwindawo ethile xa zingekho izakhono eziphambili zezentlalo nezentuthuko . Phakathi kwabo:
- UKim Peek (1951-2009), indoda eyayizalwe ngengqondo engafanelekanga eyayikhuthaza ifilimu ethi "Imvula yoMntu."
- UTom Wiggins (1849-1908), umculi omnyama oyimfama ozokwazi ukuphumelela njengamanqanaba okuphuhlisa namhlanje.
- Umkhulukazi weTempile (1947-), owesifazane ogunyazisiweyo owaziwayo ngezakhono zakhe zokuziphatha kwezilwanyana kunye nebali lakhe elichazwe kwi-movie ye-HBO ethi "Indlunkulu yeTempile."
Namhlanje, i-savant syndrome ithathwa njengexesha elifanelekileyo kwisifo. Nangona abanye basebenzisa i- autistic savant ukuchaza imeko, kuphela isiqingatha sabantu abane-syndrome yi-autistic.
Ukuphanda i-Savant Syndrome
Ngelixa i-savant syndrome iqhubeka isenza uluntu lube lunomdla, akukho zibalo ezicacileyo malunga nenani labantu abathile banaloo lwazi.
Ezinye izifundo ziphakanyisile ukuba abaninzi abantu abanama-10 abane-autism banokuba ne-degree e-savant syndrome.
Kuza kubekho namhlanje, akukho mfundiso eyaziwayo yokuqonda idibanisa iitalente kunye neentsilelo kubantu abanesifo se-savant syndrome. Abanye abaphandi bacebise ukuba ukungaqhelekanga kwi- lobe ye-temporal yangaphandle (inxalenye yengqondo ejongene nokuqonda nokujonga izinto) ingadlala inxalenye eyenziwa ukuba abantu abafumana i-savant syndrome bahlala benomonakalo apho.
Kule nto, izazinzulu ziyaqhubeka zifunda le meko ethemba lokufumana ingqiqo engcono kwimisebenzi yengqondo kunye nendlela ezahlukeneyo zememori zisebenza ngokuzimeleyo nangomxholo.
> Umthombo:
> Treffert, D. "I-savant syndrome: imeko engavamile. I-synopsis: idlulileyo, yangoku, izayo." I-Philos Trans Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009; 364 (1522): 1351-7.