Abantwana abane-autism bakhula ukuba babe ngabantu abadala abane-autism
Ukuba ufuna ulwazi kwi-intanethi malunga ne- autism , uya kufumana inani elincamisayo lamanqaku malunga nemifanekiso yabantwana abancinci. Enyanisweni, amaninzi amanqaku abhaliweyo malunga ne-autism abhaliwe ngabantwana . Nangona kunjalo ukuba iimpawu ze-autism zivela kuqala ebuntwaneni bokuqala, nangona kunjalo, i-autism ayiyinkinga yabantwana. Kunoko, ngumngeni wenkqubela yonke engenza ukuba umntu omdala anzima okanye anzima kakhulu.
Ngoko kutheni kubhalwe okuncane malunga ne-autism kunye nabantu abadala? Nangona kungekho mpendulo epheleleyo, nantsi ezinye zokuqaphela ezifundiswayo:
- Ngenxa yokuba i-autism ibonisa okokuqala ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-3, abaninzi abantu abafumana uvavanyo olutsha lwe-autism baneminyaka engama-6.
- Uninzi lwabantu abanomdla wokufunda nge autism ngabazali abanenkxalabo-kodwa-nethemba labantwana abakho okanye abanokuba yi-autistic .
- Ngethuba lokuba abantwana babo be-autistic banabantu abadala, abazali abaninzi baye bafunda isixa esikhulu malunga ne-autism kwaye baziva ukuba ngoku bangaba ngongcali njengokuba ngubani na onokubhala ngalo.
- Ngenxa yokutshintsha kwindlela u-autism echazwe ngayo, abaninzi abantu abadala esiya kuthi bawajonga njengaba-autistic abazange bafumane ukuxilongwa kwe-autism.
- Abantu abadala abaphezulu abane-autism bahlala bengathandeki ekufundeni ngezinto ezingezona ezizenzekelayo kwi-autism.
- Abanye abantu abadala abane-autism banokukhubazeka ngokwengqondo okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukufunda nge autism.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukuba ufunde ngabantu abadala abane-autism? Ukubeka nje, abantu abane-autism, njengabo bonke abantu, banabantu abangaphezu kwexesha elide kunabantwana. Njengoko abantwana bekhulile, bangadinga uncedo oluninzi kunokuba bahambe ngaphantsi kweendlela eziyinkimbinkimbi, ezixakekayo kunye nexinzelelo yekhulu lama-21.
I-Top 10 Facts malunga nabantu abadala abane-Autism
Yintoni oyifunayo ukuba wazi ngabantu abadala abane-autism? Nazi iimbali ezili-10 zokuqalisa.
1. Abantwana abane-Autism baba ngabantu abadala nge-Autism
Naphezu kweembali onokuzifunda kwi-intanethi, kuyinto engavumelekanga ukuba umntwana ahlolwe ngokuchanekileyo nge-autism ukuba abe ngumntu omdala ongenakuxilongwa. Ewe, abantwana abane-autism bangakha izakhono kunye nemisebenzi eyenza ukuba i-autism ingabonakali. Ewe, abatsha abane-autism banokufunda ubuninzi bezentlalo ukuze bakwazi "ukudlula" kwezinye iimeko. Kodwa hayi, umntwana ophethe i-autism akayi kuphelela i-autism ukuba abe ngabantu abadala.
Abantu abadala abane-Autism bahluke kakhulu
Abanye abantu abadala abane-autism banomsebenzi ophumelelayo kwimimandla efuna izinto ezifana ne-teknoloji yolwazi, i-robotics kunye nemveliso yemidlalo yemidlalo. Abanye basebenza ixesha-ncinane ngeli xesha bachitheka ngokunenzuzo kwenkqubo kunye nemithombo. Abanye bangakwazi ukusebenza kwindawo yokusebenzela baze bachithe iintsuku zabo kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo. Abanye abantu abadala kwimibandela bayatshata okanye bayabelana; abanye banothando lobuhlobo; inani elincinci alinakukwazi ukwenza inentsingiselo, ubudlelwane obuhle kunye noontanga. Ezi zintlukwano ezinkulu zenza kube nzima ukuchaza okanye ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zabantu abadala abane-autism njengabantwana kwibala.
3. Abanye abantu abakwi-Autistic Adults baphumelela kakhulu
Nangona kungabalulekanga, baninzi abantu abadala abafumene i-autism abayiphumelelana nabantu abaphumelele kakhulu. Abanye banokutshata kwaye banomdla, kwaye abaninzi baqeshwe ngokupheleleyo. Bambalwa abaye baba ngumzekelo omhle kubantu abadala abasemgangathweni abanethemba lokuphila ngokugcwele, ngokuzimeleyo. Zimbalwa ezimbalwa zemizekelo ziquka:
- Umkhulukazi weTempile , ingcali yezilwanyana, umbhali, kunye nesithethi sikarhulumente
- UStephen Shore, umbhali, umculi, uprofesa, isithethi sikarhulumente
- UJohn Elder Robison, umbhali kunye nesithethi sikarhulumente
- UDan Ackroyd, umlingisi, umculi, ubuntu bomsakazo
- UDaryl Hannah, umlingisi
Bonke abantu abangasentla, kunye nabanye abaninzi, bahlala bekhuthaza i-autism. Abaninzi bathetha esidlangalaleni ngamava abo kwaye banikezela izibonelelo kunye nokuqonda kwabo babini kubantu abadala kunye nabamalungu entsapho.
4. Abanye abantu abadala abaneengxaki ezinzima
Nangona abanye abantu abadala abaphezulu be-autistic baphumelela, baninzi abacelomngeni. Okumangalisa kukuba, "i-autism" enzima ayisoloko isithintelo esikhulu kumsebenzi okanye kwintlalo yolonwabo. Abantu abathile abaphezulu baphazamiseka ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yokuba banokuba nzima ukuba "badlule" ngokuqhelekileyo ngelixa bezama ukujamelana nokuxhalaba okukhulu, ukungasebenzi kakuhle, kunye neentlupheko zoluntu / zonxibelelwano.
Phakathi kweepesenti ezingama-25 kunye neepesenti ezingama-30 zabantu abadala abakwi-autistic, abanentsingiselo , abakwaziyo ukusebenzisa ulwimi oluthethiweyo ukuthetha. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisifundo ofundwayo, kwindawo ethile phakathi kweepesenti ezili-10 e-50 abantu abane-autism banomdla kwabanye. Ngokwemvelo, abantu abangenayo izityholo, abantu abadala abanomdla abane-autism abakwazi ukulawula ngempumelelo imeko okanye imisebenzi.
5. Abaninzi abakwi-Autistic Adults abanamandla amakhulu kunye nobuchule
Ngokubanzi, abantu abane-autism bathembekile kwaye banokuthenjwa; Uninzi lujolise emsebenzini wabo kwaye alufaneki nakancane ngemisebenzi yoluntu okanye ngaphandle kweminqweno. Abambalwa abanetalente ezikhethekileyo kwiinkalo ezifana nekhompyutheni yekhompyutha, izibalo, umculo, ukuyila, ukulungiswa kunye nobugcisa bokubukwa. Nangona kunokuba nzima kubadala abadala ukuba bamise baze baphathe indawo yabo kunye neeshedyuli, baninzi abaqeshwa ababalaseleyo. Ezinye iinkampani ziye zaqala ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kokuqesha kunye nokuqeshisa abantu abazimele; ezimbalwa ziquka:
- Freddie Mac
- IMicrosoft
- IWalgreens
- SAP
6. Abantu abadala abane-Autism Face Iingxaki ezinkulu kwi-Independence
Bonke abaneminyaka engama-2 ubudala banokudabuka. Bonke abatsha "banomdla." Ngenxa yoko, abantwana abane-autistic kunye nentsha bafumana ixesha lokuphuka: emva koko, bafana nezingane.
Kodwa xa usukhulile, ulindeleke ukuba usilahle imingeni yakho yomzwelo, tuck kwi shirt yakho, kwaye wenze njengomntu okhulile.
Ukunyuka, ubuncinane kwiMamerican yamhlanje, kulindeleke ukuba balawulwe ngokuzimeleyo ixesha kunye nemali, baqhube ikhaya labo, bafumane kwaye bawubambe umsebenzi, baphathe ukusebenzisana kwezentlalo emsebenzini nasemphakathini, bafumane abahlobo kunye nothando, bangabikho kwimvula imini, upheke i-omelet, kwaye ube khona kubantwana babo. Ukungathethi ngokusingatha ukuhlaselwa rhoqo kwesandi, ulwazi, ukusebenzisana kunye nokuvuselela okubonakalayo okuyinxalenye kunye nendawo yokuphila namhlanje.
Abantu abane-autism bafumana ezininzi zezilindeleke ukuzaliseka. I-Autism ibandakanya ukungaphumeleli kwintetho kunye nokuthetha okungabonakaliyo, ukusebenza komsebenzi kunye nentsebenziswano yentlalontle. Kwakhona kubandakanya ukuxhaswa kwemvelo okanye ukunyanzelisa ukuvakala, ukukhanya, ukuvumba, ukuthanda nokuthintela. Kungenza kube nzima ukufumana nokugcina abahlobo okanye amaqabane othandana nabo. Kungenza kube nzima ukuba umhlaba kwaye ugcine umsebenzi ofuna iqondo eliphezulu lezakhono zoluntu okanye ucwangciso. Kusenokuthetha ukuba ukuhlala ngokuzimeleyo ngelixa ukulawula zonke iimfuno zobomi bemihla ngemibuzo kunzima kakhulu.
Ngaphantsi: Abambalwa abantu abadala abane-autism bahlangene, bahlala ngokuzimeleyo, basebenze ixesha elipheleleyo ekuzalisekeni imisebenzi, ngokuthelekiswa kakuhle nabantu abadala abakhubazekileyo. Ngokwe-Autism Society: "NgoJuni ka-2014, i-19.3 ekhulwini labantu abanokukhubazeka e-US babenxaxheba kwi-labor force-abasebenzi okanye abafuna umsebenzi. wayeqeshwe. "
7. Kungaba nzima ukuvula ii-autism
Ukungabikho kolwazi olunxulumene noluntu ngokubanzi kumgangatho kuthetha ukuba abazali abaninzi banokuzithoba ngokukhawuleza xa umntwana wabo-ngoku ekhulile-efikelela kwiminyaka yobudala engama-22. Ngenxa yokuzalwa kwabo ngomhla wama-22, abantu abane-autism balahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza babo unelungelo kwiinkonzo phantsi koMntu onokukhubazeka weMfundo-kwaye ungene kwihlabathi elininzi leenkonzo zabantu abadala. Ngoxa i-IDEA idinga ukuba izikolo zibonelele "imfundo ekhululekile nefanelekileyo" kubo bonke abantwana, akukho mfuneko kubantu abadala. Ngenxa yoko, inkxaso-mali kunye nenkqubo yabantu abadala ingahlawulwa okanye ingafumaneki nanini na ixesha.
8. IiNkonzo zabaNtu abadala abane-Autism Vary by State and Availability
Abantu abadala abane-autism banelungelo lokungabi nalutho kodwa banokufumana ubuncinane inqanaba elithile lenkxaso. Ukuba uhlala kwamanye amazwe, uya kuba neengxaki ezincinane zokufikelela kwiinkonzo kunye nenkxaso kubantu abadala abane-autism. Ukuba uhlala kwamanye amazwe, ungekho inhlanhla. Ngokomzekelo, ngokwe-Disability Scoop, e-Arkansas, e-Illinois, e-Mississippi naseTexas inikeza iinkqubo ezincinci kunye neenkonzo, ngoxa i-Arizona, iVermont, i-New Hampshire, iMichigan neHawaii inomusa kakhulu.
Ewe, inkcazelo yakho "yeenkonzo kunye nenkxaso-mali" iyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke kwimfuno. Ngokomzekelo, uluhlu lwe-Disability Scoop lwakhiwe ngokubanzi malunga nenkxaso-mali ye-Medicaid. Kodwa i-Medicaid ayinikezeli uqeqesho lwezakhono okanye inkxaso-inkonzo eya kuba luncedo kakhulu kubantu abadala abasebenzayo. I-Medicaid inakho okanye ayiyi kuba ngumthombo wemali yezindlu, iinkqubo zemihla, kunye nezinye iinkonzo.
Omnye obalaseleyo, umthombo ohlaziyiweyo wolwazi malunga neminikelo yombuso ngama-Easter Seals; Ngoxa begxininisa kakhulu kubantwana, baquka uluhlu olubanzi lweenkcukacha ngeenkcukacha kunye neenkonzo ngonaphakade.
9. Abantu abadala abane-Autism baNcinci kwiZithuba zabo zeZindlu
AmaMerika acinga ukuba abantwana abakhulileyo baya kwishiya abazali babo baze bahlale kwindlu yabo okanye indlu. Ewe, njengokuba uqoqosho kunye nezinye izinto zitshintshile, abaninzi abaninzi abaphuhlisa abantu abaselula bahamba kunye nomama noyise. Akumangalisi ukuba ininzi enkulu yabantu abadala bahlala kunye nabazali babo. Kukho izizathu ezintle zezi:
- Inkxaso-mali yokuhlala kubantu abadala abakhubazekile kunzima ukuza. Kubonakala kunqongophala kubadala abadala abakwazi ukukhubazeka ngokwengqondo. Ukuba i-IQ yakho iphezu kwenani elithile (ngokuqhelekileyo i-70 okanye i-75), ucingwa ukuba uyazimela (ngaphandle kokuba unesifo esibi okanye ukukhubazeka okunjengokukhubazeka).
- Amakhaya eqela azinzima ukungena kwaye angabunobulunga obuhle. Njengamaphulo amaninzi abantu abadala, amakhaya eqela axhomekeke kwinkxaso karhulumente kunye neyezemfundo. Ukongezelela, abasebenzi kunye nabahlali batshintsha rhoqo.
- Kwabadala abakwaziyo, abakwaziyo abane-autism banokungena kwiingxaki xa bejamelene nemingeni engalindelekanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunzima kubantu abadala ukuba bahlele phambili (ukuthenga isepha phambi kokuyidinga,) ukulawula iimeko eziphuthumayo (amandla aphume), kwaye ucinge ngeengxaki zamanqaku (i-drain ivalwe). Le miba ibinokuyenza ibe yinto eshibhile, intle, kwaye kulula ukuhlala nomama nobaba.
Abantu abadala abane-Autism bafuna ubuhlobo, inkxaso kunye namathuba
Ingaba kusebenza ngokuphezulu okanye i-autistic enamandla, abantu abadala abane-autism bayasebenza kanzima kuneentanga zabo eziqhelekileyo ukuze banandiphe ubomi obuzalisekileyo. Ukuze baphumelele, bafana nabanye abantu-badinga ubungani, inkxaso kunye namathuba okusebenza nokudlala kwindawo yokumkelwa kwezentlalo. Njengemali ebbs kunye nokuhamba, akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukuthembela kwiiprogram ezixhaswa ngemali. Oko kuthetha ukuba iimfuno zabantu abadala abane-autism kufuneka zidibane nabantu ngabantu kwiintsapho zabo, kuluntu kunye noluntu olwandisiweyo olubafunayo kakuhle, bakholelwa ngamandla abo kwaye bahlangabezana nemingeni yabo kunye neemfuno ezizodwa.
> Imithombo:
> Autism Society. Iinkcukacha kunye neenkcukacha. KwiWebhu. 2017.
> Iimpawu zePasika. Inkcazelo ye-autism yombuso. KwiWebhu. 2016.
> I-Erbentraut, J. Njani ezi ziinkampani ezi-4 ezinkulu ezijongene neNqanaba leNgqesho ye-Autism. IHotff Post. KwiWebhu. Juni 1, 2015.
> Fitzpatrick SE, Srivorakiat L, Wink LK, Pedapati EV, Erickson CA. Inkcaso kwi-autism i-disorder disorder: intetho kunye nonyango. Izifo Neuropsychiatric kunye neNyango . 2016; 12: 1525-1538.
> Heasley, S. Amagama aphezulu asetyenziswa ngeenkonzo zokukhubazeka ezifanelekileyo. Isikolo sokukhubazeka. KwiWebhu. Oktobha 2016.