Ukuchonga i-Autism

Ukuchonga i-Autism

Abazali banenkxalabo yokuba nayiphi na into eyahlukileyo ekuphatheni komntwana okanye ukuphuhliswa kwayo ingaba ngumqondiso wokukhubazeka konke okufana ne-autism. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi nkxalabo aziyomfuneko. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuqwalaselwa ngokunyameko kunokukhokelela ekuxilongweni kwangaphambili, unyango lokuqala, kwaye, ngenhlanhla, isiphumo esihle.

Nangona i-autism ifunyaniswa kwaye iphonywa kamva ebuntwaneni-okanye nangona-kudala-unyango kunye nenkxaso kunokwenza umlinganiselo omkhulu kunye ontle.

Ngelixa "lingalindelekanga" ukuba lifumaneke nge-autism, akukaze kusondele kakhulu ukuhlola okanye ukuvavanya. Kwezinye iimeko, i-autism ingaphathwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibe namandla, yindlela efanelekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ngelixa i-autism ingasuswa, ezinye iingxaki zingabanjwa kwaye ziphathwe kusasa.

Ukuqaphela iMpawu

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zokuqala ze-autism zigcinwa ngabazali okanye nootatomkhulu. Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unokuba yi-autistic, mhlawumbi uqaphele iimpawu ezithile.

• Iimpawu ze-Autism enobukhulu

• Imibuzo Ozozibuza Ngaphambi kokuba Ucebise Umntwana Uvumelekile Ukuba Yi-Autistic

Mhlawumbi ufumene ukungabikho kokuthintana kwamehlo, ubunzima kunye nobudlelwane boluntu, ukulibazisa intetho, okanye ukuziphatha okungaqhelekiyo, njengokugubungela, ukunyanyisa ngomunwe, okanye ukuhamba ngezwane.

• Iimpawu zokuqala ze-Autism
• I-Autism Inokuthi ihlolwe ngokuzalwa
• Ngaba Ndimele Ndilindele Ukuba Umntwana Wangafunyaniswa Ne-Autism?

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ukuba umntwana wakho unempawu enye okanye ezimbini kodwa ngokunye ukuphuhlisa ngokuqhelekileyo, amathuba kukuba ayenayo i-autistic. Oko akuthethi, nangona kunjalo, abanalo mingeni. Umntwana onokulibaziseka kokuthetha kodwa akukho mpawu, umzekelo, unokufumana inzuzo yonyango lwentetho nangona yena engekho autistic.

Abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala bangaba kunye okanye zonke iimpawu ezichazwe ngasentla. Uninzi lwexesha, nangona kunjalo, ezi zibonakaliso zibonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza zibonisa ukuba umntu uye wakwazi ukuhlawula iimingeni ze-autistic. Nangona kunjalo, njengabantu ngabanye bakhula, kunokuba nzima ukulawula ubunzima bezenhlalakahle kunye nezibonelelo zobomi bemihla ngemihla.

Ukukhetha uMsebenzi wezeMpilo

Emva kokuba uzimisele ukuba into ethile ingaba yinto engalungile, yinto efanelekileyo yokufuna uchwepheshe wezempilo ukukhenkcezela i-autism. Uchwepheshe "ochanekileyo" usenokuba ngumgulana weengqondo, udokotela wezilwanyana ophuhliso, okanye i-neurologist yezilwanyana. Okukhethiweyo kuya kuthi, ngokwezinga elikhulu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngubani okhoyo kwingingqi yakho. Naluphi na uhlobo olukhethekileyo, qiniseka ukuba ingcali oyikhethayo inamava kunye nolwazi lweengxaki ze-autism.

• Ngubani omele ahlole i-Autism Spectrum Disorders?
• Ngaba ootitshala bangakwazi ukubona i-Autism?
• I-Autism: Ukufuna i-Diagnosis
• Iingcali ze-Autism 101

Khumbula ukuba kuphela ugqirha onguchwepheshe onokuzibonela angakwazi ukufumanisa i-autism.

Utitshala womntwana wakho akayena uhlolisiso. Kwaye xa bebona iimpawu ezixhalabisayo, abanako kwaye abafanelekanga ukuxilongwa.

Kwakunjalo nabahlobo kunye nezihlobo ezinokuthi zikholelwa ukuba zibona iimpawu ze-autism kumntwana wakho. Nangona kulungile ukuthabatha iingxalaba zabo ngokukhawuleza ukucwangcisa ukuhlolwa kobuchule, "ukuxilongwa" kwabo akufanele kube yinto yokugqibela. Abantu abadala abafuna ukuxilongwa nge-autism baya kubona i-psychologist okanye i-psychiatrist egxile kwi-autism. Lo mntu unako ukulawula iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo kwaye acetyise unyango.

Uvavanyo lokuThengisa

Ngenxa yokuba i-autism ayikwazi ukufunyaniswa novavanyo lwezonyango, ukuvavanya kubandakanya udliwano-ndlebe, ukubonwa kunye nokuvavanya. Ukuhlola kungabandakanya:

• Imivavanyo ye-IQ ukujonga imingeni yengqondo.
• Ukuvavanya intetho ukujonga amandla omntwana wakho wokuqonda nokusebenzisa intetho ethethiweyo ngendlela efanelekileyo nefanelekileyo.
• Ukuvavanywa kwezonyango zengqesho (iimvavanyo ukukhangela izakhono ezifanelekileyo ezifanelekileyo zeminyaka, ukuqonda nokubonakala kwendawo, iimpendulo zengqondo kunye nezinye izinto ezixhalabisa nge-neurophysical).

• Ukuvavanya iimvavanyo (ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu ze-autistic azibangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe).
• Imibuzo echaphazelekayo ye-Autism, efana ne-ADI-R, kubazali ukuba bazalise ngokubaluleka komntwana wabo, ukuziphatha, iimvakalelo, imingeni kunye namandla.
• Ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale (ADOS) kunye noHlolo lokuHlola lwe-Autism kwi-Toddlers (CHAT), oluqwalasela ukuqwalaselwa kweziphatho zabantwana ngokusekelwe kwimimiselo

Akukho nanye kwezi zivivinyo ezigqibeleleyo kwaye ezinye zingakhohlisa. IQ kunye neemvavanyo zentetho, umzekelo, zibhaliwe ukukhulisa abantwana ngokuqhelekileyo. Kodwa abantwana abavavanywa nge-autism phantse banokuba neengxaki zokuziphatha nezentetho. Le mingeni ingayifumana kwinkqubo yokuvavanya, ukwenza iziphumo zinzima ukutolika.

Nangona xa uchwepheshe ebonelela ngombono, uluvo aluvumelekanga. Akuqhelekanga ukuva (ngokukodwa komntwana omncinane kakhulu), "Kungaba yi-autism, kodwa usemncinci kakhulu. Kutheni ungayi kuphinda uhlolisise kwakhona kwiinyanga ezintandathu kwaye siza kubona indlela akwenza ngayo?"

• Ngaba i-Autism iyandisa ngokwenene (okanye ngaba i-Statistics kunye neeSaveyi ze-Blame)?

• Ngubani omele ahlolwe i-Autism, kwaye yiziphi iimvavanyo ezifanele zizisebenzise?

Nangona olu hlobo lokungaqiniseki lunokukhungathekisa kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha akunakwenzeka. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantwana banemingeni ephuhlisayo efana ne-autism kodwa ebonakala yinto yokulibaziseka okanye iimpawu zenye iimeko ezifana nophuhliso lwe-ADHD okanye i-apraxia yentetho. Imiba efana nale ingakwazi kwaye ifanele iphathwe ngokukhawuleza. Abantwana abadala kunye nabadala banokuqhutywa iimvavanyo ezifanayo, nangona abantu abadala baya kuzalisa iimviwo zabo.

• I-Autism ichongwa njani?

Amanyathelo alandelayo

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene ukuxilongwa kwe-autism, uya kufuna ukuthatha inyathelo. Ingcali yakho yezokwelapha inakho okanye ingaba neengcebiso ezibonakalayo. Ngoko, oko kukubeka umthwalo kuwe, umzali, ukufumana nokusekwa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo kunye nezokwelapha kumntwana wakho.

Qala ngokukhangela kwiinkonzo, unyango, kunye neeprogram ezifumaneka kwiinkqubo zokungenelela kwangaphambili okanye kwisithili sakho sasekuhlaleni. Qhagamshelana nemibutho yokuxhasa i-autism enezahluko zendawo, ezifana ne-Autism Society. Yenza uphando lwe-intanethi "inkxaso ye-autism" kunye "neenkonzo ze-autism" kwindawo yakho. Buza imibuzo malunga namaziko e-autism asekhaya, iinkqubo zesikolo, oophrothera kunye nemibutho yokuxhasa.

Ngexesha lohambo lwentsapho nganye luyahluka, ulwazi lwengingqi kunye nenkxaso iya kuba yinto yakho ebaluleke kakhulu yokuphumelela.

• Yintoni oyenzayo emva kwe-Autism Diagnosis
• Ungathini ukuba...? Ukuqala Ukugxeka nokukhathazeka Ukunceda Umntwana Wakho Wokuzimela
• I-Top 10 ze-Autism Websites
• Ukujoyina i-Autism Community

ILizwi

Kwiintsapho ezininzi, ukuxilongwa kwe-autism kunokuyingozi. Kubonakala kuguqula yonke into kwaye kunokuchaphazela ulwalamano lwakho kunye neqabane lakho, abahlobo bakho kunye nomntwana wakho. Kodwa umntwana wakho useyena mntu wayehlala ekhona kwaye kukho uncedo oluninzi, ithemba kunye nenkxaso ekhoyo.

> Imithombo

> Konke, CS. Ukuchonga iingxaki ze-autism kwiinkcazo zonyango. U msebenzi . 2011 Nov; 255 (1745): 27-30, 3.

> Anne Le Couteur, uCatherine Catherine, uMichael Rutter. I-Autism Diagnostic Interview-Uhlaziyiweyo (ADI-R) IiNkonzo zeeNzululwazi zeNtshona, 2003

> Ozonoff, S., Goodlin-Jones, BL, et al. Uvavanyo olusekelwe kwiingqinisiso ze-autism iziphazamiso zengxaki kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Umbhalo we-Clinical Child kunye ne-Adolescent Psychology 34 (3): 523-540, 2005.