I-ADI-R yenye yeemvavanyo eziliqela ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-autism.
I-Autism Diagnostic Interview-Ihlaziyiweyo, eyaziwa kangcono njenge-ADI-R, yimibuzo yemibuzo yodliwano-ndlebe elawulwa kubazali babantwana abancinci abaneempawu ze-autism okanye i-autism disorder disorder. Imibuzo kufuneka ithathe malunga nemizuzu engama-90 okanye ukulawula.
Yintoni kanye i-ADI-R?
Ngokwe-website ye-Autism Genetic Exchange Exchange (AGRE):
Udliwano-ndlebe lunemixholo engama-93 kwaye igxininise ekuziphatheni kwimiba emithathu yimixholo okanye imimandla: umgangatho wentsebenziswano yoluntu (umz., Ukwabelana ngemvakalelo, ukunikela kunye nokufuna induduzo, ukumomotheka kunye nokuphendula kwabanye abantwana); unxibelelwano nolwimi (umzekelo, izibhengezo ezichaziweyo, ukuguqulwa kwesigama, ukusetyenziswa koluntu kolwimi); kunye nokuphindaphinda, ukukhawulelana kunye nokuziphatha okuthandwayo (umzekelo, ukukhathazeka okungavamile, indlela yokuphatha ngesandla kunye nomnwe, inqwenelekayo engavamile). Umlinganiselo uquka ezinye izinto ezifanelekileyo ezicwangcisiweyo zokwenza uphando, njengokuzilimaza kunye nomsebenzi.
Uvavanyo lubuza imibuzo nemiba ethile. Ngokomzekelo, abazali bayabuzwa malunga nobuchule babo bokunxibelelana babantwana ngokubhekiselele kwizihloko ezifana nokukhomba , ukukhwaza kwentloko, njalonjalo. Ukunxibelelana ngomlomo nangokungathethiyo kunye nezakhono zentlalo bafumana, ngokubhekiselele kwiminyaka yengqesho yomntwana.
Iziphumo zenziwe kwiindawo zokunxibelelana nolwimi, ukusebenzisana nentlalo, kunye nokukhawulelana nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo. Amanqaku aphezulu abonisa ukulibaziseka okuphuculweyo. Ngokwe-AGRE:
Ukwahlula kwe-autism kunikwa xa amanqaku kuzo zonke iinkalo zengqungquthela zonxibelelwano, intsebenziswano yentlalo kunye neendlela zokuziphatha zidibana okanye zigqithise i-cutoffs echaziweyo, kwaye ukuqala kwesi sifo kubonakala kwiinyanga ezingama-36 ubudala. ... Iipalati ezipheleleyo zokunxibelelana kunye neelwimi zolwimi zi-8 zezifundo zomlomo kunye ne-7 kwizifundo ezingenanto. Kuzo zonke izifundo, i-cutoff kwi-domain yokusebenzisana nentlalo ngu-10, kwaye ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhuselekile kunye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo kuku-3.
Ziziphi ezinye iimvavanyo ezifanele zisetyenziswe ukuchonga i-Autism?
Enyanisweni, i-ADI-R ayifanele ibe yinto esetyenziswayo yokuhlola i-autism i-diagnostic-intsingiselo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba igosa elifanelekileyo lihlolisise umntwana wakho. Iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukulibaziseka kunye neempawu kubantwana ngokwabo ziquka i-ADOS Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale kunye noHlolo lokuHlola lwe-Autism kwi-Toddlers (CHAT).
Eyona nto, ngokwenene, ukuxilongwa kwe-autism akubandakanyi umntu omnye kodwa iqela. Amalungu eqela kufuneka afake ootitshala bezilwanyana (mhlawumbi umntu onobuchule kwiintlupheko zentuthuko), isazi sengqondo , intetho kunye nodokotela wezilwimi , kunye ne- therapis t yomsebenzi . Ezi ngcali zinokuqhuba uluhlu lweemvavanyo ezikhangelelanisa iintlobo zemingeni kunye nokuziphatha okuza kubonisa i-autism (ngokuchasene noko okanye ukongeza kwezinye iimeko ezinxulumene ne-ADHD, i-Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, ukuxhalaba kwezenhlalakahle, okanye ukuxhatshazwa kweentlalo zoluntu ).
Indlela yokumisela ukuVavanywa koNyana wakho
Kwiimeko ezininzi, unokhetho oluthile lokuhlola. Unokukhetha ukuqala ngodokotela wezilwanyana, onokukwazi ukuncomela iklinikhi ye-autism okanye isikhungo apho umntwana wakho angahlolwa khona.
Unokukhetha kwakhona ukusebenza kwisithili sakho. Isithili kufuneka sihlawule iimvavanyo ezithile, kwaye singabonelela ngeengcali ezingezizo zonyango ezifana neengcali zentetho yezentetho kunye neengcali zomsebenzi ukuhlola umntwana wakho. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule, nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvavanyo oluzimeleyo lunokuba luncedo njengoko uqala ukusebenza kunye nesikolo ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso sezemfundo kunye nesipilisi.
Izibonelelo:
S. Ozonoff, S., BL Goodlin-Jones, et al. Uvavanyo olusekeke kwiinkcazo ze-autism iziphazamiso kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. " Umbhalo we-Clinical Child kunye ne-Adolescent Psychology 34 (3): 523-540, 2005.
Anne Le Couteur, uCatherine Catherine, uMichael Rutter. I-Autism Diagnostic Interview-Uhlaziyiweyo (ADI-R) , IiNkonzo zeeNgqondo zeNtshona, 2003