Nangona uninzi lwabahlengikazi lunakekela abantwana abaneengxaki ze-autism, kwada kwadlulayo, bambalwa abavakalisa ukuba bahlala bekhangela i-autism. Abaninzi besifo sezingane bahlala behlolisisa abantwana nge-autism ukusuka kwi-American Academy of Pediatrics '(AAP) kwingxelo yonyango "Ukuchonga nokuVavanywa kwabantwana abane-Autism Disecters Disorders" kwaphuma ngo-2007 kwaye yaqinisekiswa ngo-2014.
Ukuhlola i-Autism
Ingxelo ikhuthaze ukuba ootitshala bezilwanyana:
- Ukuqhuba uhlolo lwe-autism kuyo yonke into yokutyelela umntwana, kuquka ukukhangela iimpawu ezifihlekileyo
- Isikrini sezingane nge-autism usebenzisa isisombululo sokuhlola isikhokelo okanye uluhlu lokukhangela xa sele ziinyanga ezili-18 ne-24 ubudala
- Hlela uhambo olukhethekileyo ukujongana naluphi na uxhalaba umzali anokufumana ngalo nge-autism
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-AAP icebisa ukuba oogqirha babantwana bathumele abantwana ukuba bahlole uvavanyo lwe-autism ukuba banokuvavanya ukuhlolwa kwe-autism , ngaphezu kokusayinela ukuvavanya ukuvavanya kunye neenkonzo zokungenelela kwasekuseni.
I-Level 1 I-Autism I-Checklists for Toddlers
Xa abantu bethetha ngeemvavanyo ze-autism, babhekisela kuluhlu lokuhlola lwe-autism olungasetyenziselwa ukukhenkceza abantwana, kwaye alukho na uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Iincwadi eziqhelekileyo zokutshekisha ukuhlola i-autism kwiintsana ziquka:
- Uluhlu lokuhlola lwe-Autism kwiNtsha (CHAT)
- Uluhlu lokuHlola lwe-Autism kwi-Toddlers-Ukuhlaziywa ngokulandelwayo (M-CHAT-R / F)
Ukuqalwa kokuqala kweziThuthi ze-Autistic (ESAT)
Zonke ezi nqanaba 1 zincwadi ze-autism zingagcwaliswa, ngokuqhelekileyo ngumzali, nangona abanye banemibuzo ephendulwa yonyango lwabantwana, ngemizuzu emihlanu ukuya kwemihlanu.
Umgangatho wesi-2 we-Autism Checklists for Toddlers
Inqanaba 2 i-autism yokuhlola iincwadi zokuhlola, eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa abantwana abaselula abanokufumana uluhlu lwe-autism checklist, ziyafumaneka kwakhona.
Baya kuthatha imizuzu emihlanu ukuya kwi-20 ukugqiba, kodwa bafuna uqeqesho olongezelelweyo ukulawula nokutolika, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo abayi kuba khona kwiofisi yezingane. Ziquka:
- Uluhlu lokuHlola lwe-Autism (ABC)
- Ubungakanani be-Autism Rating Scale, ishicilelo sesibini (CARS2)
- Gilliam Asperger's Disorder Scale (GADS)
- I-Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, I-Second Edition (GARS-2)
- Uvavanyo lwe-PDD Uvavanyo-II, iCliniki yophuhliso
- Uvavanyo lwe-PDD Uvavanyo-II, i-Autism Clinic Inzima yokuhlaziya
- I-Screening Tool ku-Autism kwiNtsha naBantwana abaselula (STAT)
Uluhlu lokuHlola lwe-Autism kwi-Toddlers
I-M-CHAT yenye yezona zixhobo ezithandwayo ze-autism ezisetyenziswe ngabadokotela bezilwanyana. Ukongeza kokukhawuleza nokulula ukuyisebenzisa, iyafumaneka ngokukhululekile. Enyanisweni, abazali banokuthatha i-M-CHAT-R kwi-intanethi baze bazise iziphumo zabo kwizonyango zabo. Umntwana unengqiqo efanelekileyo ye-autism ukuba ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu kwezi-20 ze-M-CHAT imibuzo zifumana impendulo engaphumeleli.
Udliwano-ndlebe lwe-M-CHAT kufuneka lwenziwa kwakhona kubantwana abanesicatshulwa esihle se-M-CHAT. Olu dliwano-ndlebe luya kunceda ukunciphisa inani labantwana abangaphumeleli kwi-M-CHAT kodwa abangenayo i-autism. Abantwana abanamanqaku angama-M-CHAT angama-8 okanye ngaphezulu akudingeki ukuba babe ne-intanethi ye-M-CHAT-R kunye nodliwano-ndlebe kwaye bangaya ngqo kwi-autism assessment.
I-A-CHAT Iimfuno ezikhuselekileyo zoKhenketho
Gcina ukhumbule ukuba isikrini esihle se-M-CHAT asisoloko sithetha ukuba umntwana wakho une-autism. Ezinye izizathu zokubambezeleka kokuphuhliswa kungabangela isikrini esihle. Yingakho isinyathelo esilandelayo kufuneka siqulathe uvavanyo olubanzi lwe-autism, oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya inqanaba lesi-2 le-autism ukukhangela, ngaphezu kokusayinela umntwana wakho ukuvavanya ukuvavanywa kunye neenkonzo zokungenelela kwasekuseni.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Academy yePediatrics. Ingxelo yezonyango: Ukuchongwa kunye nokuVavanywa kwabantwana abane-Autism Disecters Spectrum. Pediatrics . 2007; 120 (5): 1183-1215. Uqinisekisiwe ngo-Agasti 2014.
> Bridgemohan C. I-Autism Spectrum Disorder: Izixhobo zokucoca. Isemgangathweno. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Oktobha 11, 2017.
> Kleinman JM, Robins DL, Ventola PE, et al. Uluhlu lokuHlola oluPhezulu lwe-Autism kwaBantwana: UkuFundelwa koPhando oluPhezulu lokuSasazwa kweNtshukumo ye-Autism Spectrum Disorders. Umbhalo we-Autism kunye neengxaki zokuPhuculo . 2008; 38 (5): 827-839. i-doi: 10.1007 / s10803-007-0450-9.