Ngomnyaka we-1986, ukuchithwa kwiChernobyl isityalo samandla enyukliya kwinto eyayiyiSoviet Union yanciphisa i-particle e-radioactive kulo lonke elase-Ukraine kunye namazwe angomakhelwane. Abantwana abachaphazelekayo ngamayeza baye baziwa ngokuba ngabantwana baseChernobyl. Nantsi i-recap emfutshane yesiganeko kunye nemicimbi yezempilo eyenziwa ngabantwana baseChernobyl.
Ingozi yeNyukliya
Ngo-Apreli 26, ngo-1986, ngo-1: 23 ekuseni, ukuqhuma kunye nomlilo kwenzeka kwiNgcaciso yeNombolo 4 yeSityalo saseChernobyl kwisixhobo samandla enyukliya kwindawo eyiyo e-Ukraine manje. Ngaphambi kokuba iinjineli kunye nososayensi bakwazi ukuyilawula, iitoni ezili-190 zeemveliso zomsakazo zikhishwe emoyeni. Iingqungquthela ezivuthayo ezivuthayo ezivuthayo azizange zize zaphela kwiChernobyl, kodwa zonke i-Ukraine, kunye namazwe angumakhelwane aseBelarus naseRashiya, kwaye yafudukela kumazwe aseYurophu afana nePoland. Oososayensi baqikelela ukuba inani leenqununu ezikhutshwe lilingana nomphumo weebhomu zeekliya ezili-20. Ingozi yaseChernobyl yisoloko yentlekele yenyukliya enkulu kunazo zonke.
Iziphumo zonyango
Imibala emikhulu yabulala abantu abangama-31 ngexesha elincinci, ngokubanzi batyala abasebenzi kunye nabantu abasondele kweso sengozi abafa ngenxa yokugula kwemitha. Ngexesha elidlulileyo kwacaca ukuba ingozi yayishiye inkalo enzima yengxaki yexesha elide kubantu abahlala kuloo ndawo.
Ezi ngxaki zempilo zenziwe zibi kakhulu ngendlala, ukungondleki kakuhle, nokungabikho kolondolozo lwezonyango kwingingqi.
I-Cancer neChernobyl Children
Uninzi lwabantu behlabathi lonke lilibale iziganeko zango-1986. Kodwa ke abantu kule ndawo bayakhunjuzwa ngengozi yenyukliya nanini na bajonga abantu abadala abazalwa ngexesha elo.
Abo bavezwe kumazinga aphezulu emisebe yelanga xa bebancinci kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala banokubangelwa yimiphumo yempilo, kuquka ukukhula okunamandla, impilo engamazinyo, kunye neengxaki zokuzivikela. Izingane zaseChernobyl nazo ziphindwe ngamaxesha angaphezu kwe-10 kunezinga eliqhelekileyo lomdlavuza we- thyroid .
Abaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania yasePennsylvania, abafundela izigulane zomdlavuza we-thyroid kumazwe achaphazelekayo, befumene ukuba abangaphezu kwama-40 ekhulwini kwezigulane babengabantwana abane-4 ubudala okanye bancinci ngexesha leengozi. Le yile minyaka apho i-thyroid yegland iyakhathazeka kakhulu kwimisebe ye-ionizing.
Abantwana baseChernobyl Namhlanje
Iziganeko zango-1986 ziyaqhubeka zichaphazela izigidi zabantu abahlala kummandla wokuwa namhlanje kwaye abantwana abangaphezu kwesigidi bahlala kwiindawo ezingascoliswa.
- E-Ukraine, abantwana abangama-6 000 bazalwa minyaka yonke ngeempazamo zentliziyo.
- Kunyaka ngamnye, abantwana abangaphezu kwe-3 000 base-Ukraine bayafa ngenxa yokungabi nonyango.
- Kuye kwaba nokwanda kweepesenti ezingama-200 kwizilungiso zokuzalwa kunye nokwanda kweepesenti ezingama-250 ekuzalweni kokuzalwa kokuzalwa komntwana kubantwana abazalwa kwindawo yokuwa kweChernobyl ukususela ngo-1986.
- E-Belarus, abantwana abangama-85 babonwa njengexhoba laseChernobyl (baphethe iimpawu zeempawu ezichaphazela impilo yabo nanini na kwaye banokudluliselwa kubantwana babo).
- I-UNICEF ibone ukunyuka kwamazinga okugula kwabantwana, kubekho ukwanda kweepesenti ezingama-38 kwizifo ezihlambalazayo, ukwanda kweepesenti ezingama-43 kwizifo ezijikelezayo zegazi kunye nokwanda kweepesenti ezingama-63 kwithambo, i-muscle, kunye neengxaki zesistim se-tissue system.
Ixesha elizayo
Namhlanje, imibutho efana neChernobyl Children International isebenza ngoncedo lwezonyango, iimveliso zonyango, iimpahla kunye nezinye inkxaso kubantwana baseChernobyl. Akucaci ukuba ikusasa labantwana baseChernobyl liza kubakho, kodwa okwangoku, ezinye zivuyayo, ziphilile, kwaye zihlala zigule ngenxa yokuphana kwale mibutho.
Imithombo:
I-Chernobyl Izwe Lwamanye amazwe. (nd). Iimpawu kunye namanani.
Iprojekthi yezingane zaseChernobyl I-USA
McGrory, B. "Ukukhathalela akukho mida." I-Boston Globe, ngoJulayi 27, 2001.
Reuters. "Umdlavuza we-Thyroid uphindwe ngamaxesha angaphezulu kuma-Chernobyl." Juni 30, 1999.