Abanye abantu abancinci kakhulu kwihlabathi banalo ukuphazamiseka
Ubunzima bexesha eliqhelekileyo liqela leengxaki apho ukukhula komntu kulibaziseka ekuqaleni kwezigaba zokuqala, okanye kwisibeleko. Ngokukodwa, iintsana ezinamaxesha amancinci ezinokukhula kwexesha langaphakathi (IUGR), oko kukungaphumeleli komntwana ukuba ukhule ngokuqhelekileyo. Oku kungabonwa ngokukhawuleza kweeveki ezingama-13 kwaye kuqhubeka ngokugqithiseleyo xa umntwana efikelela kwixesha elipheleleyo.
Luhlobo oluthile lobunzima obubhekiselele kwabanye abantu abancinane kunazo zonke ehlabathini. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abadala abakhulanga ubude kunama-intshi ezingama-33 kwaye kaninzi banamazwi aphezulu ngenxa yokunciphisa ibhokisi yezwi.
Kubantu abane-Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism I-II II (MOPDII), enye yeengxaki ezi-5 zohlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo njengamanje ziqokelelwe phantsi kwembombo enkulu, ubukhulu beengqondo budala malunga neentsana ezi-3 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuchaphazeli ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo.
Ubunzima bokuqala ekuzalweni
Ekuzalweni, usana oluneentsholongwane ezincinci luya kuba luncinci kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo lunzima ubunzima obungaphantsi kweekhilogram ezi-1.4 (1.4 kg) kwaye lulinganisa ubuncinane obungama-intshi angama-16 ubude, obumalunga nobukhulu be-fetus engama-30. Izihlandlo ezininzi, usana luzalwa ngokukhawuleza malunga neveki ezingama-35 zesisu. Umntwana uzaliswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ubukhulu bentloko bulingana nobukhulu bomzimba, kodwa zombini zincinci.
Emva kokuzalwa, umntwana uya kukhula ngokukhawuleza aze ahlale emva emva kwabanye abantwana kwiqela lakhe leminyaka. Njengoko umntwana ekhula, utshintsho oluthile lweempawu luya kuqala ukubonakala:
- Intloko iya kukhula ngokuthe ngcembe kunomzimba wonke (microcephaly).
- Amathambo eengalo kunye nemilenze iya kuba yincinci.
- Amalungu aya kukhululeka kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwamanye amaxesha okanye ukuchithwa kakubi kwamadolo, amaqhosha, okanye iinqumlo.
- Impawu zobuso zingabandakanya impumlo ebonakalayo kunye namehlo kunye namanqabana amancinci okanye alahlekileyo.
- Iingxaki zesantya ezifana nokukhawuleka (izikolo) ziyakhula.
- Ephakamileyo, ilizwi elibi liqhelekile.
Iintlobo zoLuntu oluPhambili
Okungenani ubunzima beemfuza ezi-5 ziwela phantsi kwe-ambulula yezinto ezincinci, eziquka:
- I-Russell-Silver syndrome
- Seckel syndrome
- Isifo seMeier-Gorlin
- Majewski i-osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism (i-MOPD II ne-III)
- Uhlobo lweMOPD II
Ekubeni le miqathango inqabile, kunzima ukwazi ukuba kaninzi kwenzeka ntoni. Kulinganiselwa ukuba bambalwa abantu abayi-100 eMntla Melika baye bachongwa njenge-MOPD Type II.
Ezinye iintsapho zinezingane ezingaphezu kweyodwa kunye ne-MOPD Type II, ebonisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kuzuze kwiijethi zabazali bobabini kunokuba ibe yinye (imeko eyaziwa njenge- autosomal pattern excessive ). Bobabini abesilisa nabesifazane bazo zonke iintlobo zengingqi banokuchaphazeleka.
Ukuchonga i-Primordial Dwarfism
Ekubeni ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwezinto ezincinci kakhulu kunqabile kakhulu, ukuxilongwa ngokungaqhelekanga kuqhelekileyo. Ngokukodwa ekuqaleni kwasebuntwaneni, ukungaphumeleli ukukhula kudla ukuba kubangelwa kukutya okungondlekiyo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemithi.
Ukuxilongwa ngokuqinisekileyo akuqhelekanga kwenziwe kude kube ngumntwana onempawu ezibonakalayo ezinzima. Ngeli nqanaba, i-X-ray iya kubonisa ukucuthwa kwamathambo kunye nokwandiswa kweziphelo zamathambo amathambo.
Okwangoku akukho ndlela efanelekileyo yokunyusa izinga lokukhula kumntwana onenkqantosi. Ngokungafani nabantwana abanesidumbu , ukungabikho kokukhula okuqhelekileyo akuhambelani nokusilela kwe-hormone yokukhula. Ukunyanga kwama-hormone unyango, ngoko ke, kuya kuba nefuthe elifutshane.
Emva kokuxilongwa, unyango luya kugxila kunyango lweengxaki njengoko zikhula, ezifana nobunzima bokusondeza abantwana, iingxaki zombono, i-scoliosis, kunye nokudibanisa okuhlangeneyo.
> Umthombo:
> Anna > Klingseisen noAndrew P. Jackson. Iinkqubo kunye neendlela zokungaphumeleli kokukhula kwimimandla ebalulekileyo. IGenesis & Uphuhliso: I-Journal ye-Cellular and Molecular Biology. 2011.
> I-Nemours Engenzi-nzuzo yeMpilo yeZonyango. Ngaphambi koMdaka.
> Shaheen, R .; Fageih, E .; Ansari, S .; okqhubekayo. Uhlalutyo lwamaGomomic lwamaxesha ambalwa alubonakalisa isifo sesifo somzimba. " Genom Res. 2014; 24 (2): 291-299.