I-Stroke ihlala yimbangela yesithathu yokufa e-United States emva kwesifo senhliziyo nomhlaza. Unyaka ngamnye, abantu abangaba ngu-800,000 balimala ngengozi kwaye abayi-140,000 bafa ngabo.
Ngenxa yokuba uhlangothi olubulalayo luya kufa, kufuneka ulungele ngolwazi malunga neenkqubo zokunyamekela ezinqabileyo endaweni yakho kumntu okanye ilungu lentsapho elijongene nale ngxaki.
Iintlobo zeStroke kunye noNyango oluPhezulu
I-ischemic stroke eyenzekayo xa kukho ukunciphisa okanye ukucinywa kwesitya kwindawo yobuchopho obangelwa yi-thrombosis okanye i-embolism. I -thrombosis ye-cerebral yindlela yokwakha i-blood clot ngaphakathi kwengqondo evimba ukuhamba kwegazi. Ubumbano lwe- cerebral luba khona xa i-clot eyenziwe kwenye indawo emzimbeni ihamba kwindawo yengqondo kwaye ivimba ukuhamba kwegazi .
Izigulane ze- Ischemic eziphazamisayo ezilondolozayo ukuhlaselwa ngokukhawuleza zinganikwa imishanguzo ye-clot-buster, efana ne- TPA; igazi elincinci, njenge-heparin; okanye ama-anti-clotting agents, afana ne-aspirin.
Isibilini esinyameko senzeka xa isitya siphula kwaye siphala ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Le nzakala ibangelwa yi- aneurysm , leyo ibuthathaka kunye nenqabileyo yendawo yesitya. Ingcinezelo kunye nokunyuswa kwengcinezelo kwingqondo kunokukhokelela kwisifo esibuhlungu .
Ukunyangwa kwesifo soxinzelelo kuhlose ukulawula uxinzelelo olungenakunyango , okanye uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwekhanda.
Akunalo igazi elincinci okanye i-anti-clotting agents ezisetyenziselwa ukususela kweso siza kubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi. Injongo yonyango ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi nokunciphisa uxinzelelo olungenakunyango lokunciphisa umonakalo kwengqondo. Amanyathelo angenelelo aquka amayeza angama-intravenous ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo kunye nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwingqondo, ukuhlinzwa ukulungisa izitya eziphuliweyo, okanye iimpawu zokuphelisa i-endovascular ukwenzela ukuvimba ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwisixhobo esiqhekekileyo.
Ukubethelwa kwesisu nokunyamekela
Nangona unyango oluphuthumayo, malunga neyodwa kwiintlanu ezintathu ezithintekayo zifa ngenxa yoko. Ukufa kunokulandela isantya ngokukhawuleza okanye kuza emva koko. Amaxhoba ase-stroke asinda ekuhlaselweni kokuqala anokufumana ubunzima obukhulu emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Ukukhubazeka, ubunzima bokugwinya, ukungabikho komzimba kunye nokwenza umoya wokungenisa umoya kukhulisa umngcipheko wokufa. I-stroke ingabashiya abantu kwi-coma okanye i-vegetative eqhubekayo, ukuvula umnyango kwizigqibo ezinzima nezibalulekileyo malunga nokuphila kwabo.
Ukunyamekela nokunyamekela iinkqubo kunokubanceda abo balimala ngokubetha kunye nabathandekayo babo benza izigqibo ezinzima xa bejongana neemfuno zabantu, ezemvakalelo nezokomoya. Ukugxininiswa kwenkathalo yokunyamekela ngokubhekiselele kwi-hospice ihluke kubantu abanochoko. Ukunyamekela okuqhelekileyo kufuthi kwenziwa kwimeko yesibhedlele ngaphandle kwemida yokulinda ubomi. Ukunyamekela okunyanzelisayo kungaqaliswa ngaphambi kokuba i-diagnostic igcinwe.
Ukunakekelwa kwezibhedlele, kodwa kunjalo, kulungele abantu abanokuba neenyanga ezintandathu okanye abancinci ukuba baphile kwaye bakhethe ukufa kwindawo yabo. I-Hospice iyona khetho olufanelekileyo kumntu oye wagqiba ngokuchasene nokunyanga okwexesha lokuphila, njengento yokutya ityhubhu kunye nomoya wokungenisa umoya .
Abanamaxhoba abathintekayo abanakekelwa ngumbhedlele bahlala beza ekhaya okanye bavunyelwe kwiziko lokunyamekela ngononophelo kwiintsuku zabo.
Imithombo:
> I-Internet Stroke Centre. Stroke Statistics. http://www.strokecenter.org/patients/kubheka-stroke/stroke-statistics/
I-Holloway RG, uBenesch CG, uBurgin S, iZentner JB. Ukugxekwa kunye nokuSenza isigqibo kwiStroke ephezulu. JAMA. 2005; 294: 725-733.