Zazivela phi ezo zinto ezimbi, kunjalo?
Kukho nolwazi oluqhelekileyo namhlanje ukuba i-trans fatty acids (okanye i-trans fat) ayimpilo kuwe-ngokuqinisekileyo ingasempilo kunamafutha agcwele . Ukutya ukutya okunomdla-ntliziyo kudinga ukukhusela amafutha atshintshe kunokwenzeka. Enyanisweni, ngowama-2015 i-FDA inqume ukuba ii-trans zintengiso ziyingozi kangangokuba kufuneka zisuswe ngokupheleleyo ekudleni kwethu kwiminyaka emithathu.
Nqabile ukucinga ukuba nje ixesha elifutshane nje, wonke umntu wayekholelwa ngokuthe ngqo.
Zivelaphi Amafutha OkuThuthi?
Ngokungafani namafutha apheleleyo kunye nee- insaturated , amafutha atshintshe ekutya kwethu ayenziwe ngabantu.
Iimpawu ze-Trans ziye zasijikeleza iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu kwaye zaqala ukungena kwizidlo zethu ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho. Kodwa ngokwenene bahamba ngokutya kwethu ngendlela enkulu xa iingcali zezempilo zoluntu zenze isigqibo sokuba zisilungele.
Iimveliso ze-Trans zenziwe kwi-1890s, ngenkqubo eyenza i-hydrogenated (iongeze i-athygrojeni i-atom) kwi-fat unsaturated. Xa isetyenzisiwe kwioli zityalo ezingekho i-insaturated, ezi-liquids ezivame ukuphendulela kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo, i-dehydrogenation eyingxenye yakha imveliso engekho yimbi kwaye isoloko isomelele, kwaye yomelele kakhulu kwigumbi lokushisa ixesha elide. Ngoko, amafutha okutshala nge-hydrogenated (oko kukuthi, amafutha atyhulayo) angasebenza endaweni efanelekileyo kwimafutshane egcweleyo ekutya okucutshulweyo okubhekiselele ekubeni ne-shelf ende.
Bathi Bafumana Njani Ukutya Kwethu?
Ngomnyaka we-1911, iProtektri neGamble zaqaphela ukukwazi ukusetyenziswa kwee-trans, zazithenga i-patent, zaqala ukwenza uCrisco mfutshane. Ukusetyenziswa kwamathambo e-trans kwiimveliso zokutya kwandiswe ukunyusa okuqhubekayo ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi II, xa kukho ubunqongophala bebhotela kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zegargarine ezinamandla (ezigqitywe ngamafutha atshintshe).
Kodwa ukuhlanganiswa kwamafutha atshintshe ekudleni kwe-Amerika kwakucacile kuphela xa iingcali zizimisele ukuba ziphucule impilo yethu. Oku kwenzeka emva kokuba kufunyenwe kuma-1950 kunye nama-60 ezalisa amafutha anxulumene nokwanda kwamanqanaba e-LDL (bad) i-cholesterol (kwaye ke, bagqiba, ukwanda kwesifo senhliziyo).
Kwaye kwaphawulwa ukuba ii-oyile zemifuno - amafutha angatshatkiweyo - ayenxulumene namazinga e-cholesterol ancitshisiweyo, kwaye ngoko ke (mhlawumbi) inempilo.
Ngenxa yoko iingcali zethu zezempilo zoluntu (ukuqesha ingcamango engaqinisekiyo yeklasi yeengcali), yagqiba ukuba amafutha azalisiweyo kufuneka adityaniswe kakhulu kwi-American diet. Xa bejonge ngeenxa zonke, bafumanise indawo epheleleyo-imveliso eyayisondele kwiminyaka emashumi, imveliso ephuma kwimifuno yemifuno enempilo yokuba, njengebhonasi, yayineempawu ezilungileyo eziboniswa ngamafutha azalisiweyo ekutya okucutshulweyo.
Bafumene amafutha atshintshe.
Iingcali zezeMpilo zoLuntu zenza into yazo
Ngokwemvelo, ezo ngcali zezempilo ziqaphele ukuba amafutha atshintshe afanele athathe amafutha azaliswe kuyo yonke indawo yokutya, kubo bonke abantu baseMerika.
Ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zobudlelwane bobudlelwane babantu - ngokubanzi, kulo nyaka, iZiko leNzululwazi kwiNkathazo yoluntu (i-CSPI) - ngowe-1984 iingcali zaqalisa iqela elikhulu loluntu lokwenza oko kanye, umkhankaso onokuqhelana neendawo eziqhelekileyo (ezimbi, iinkampani ezikratshi ) kunye namaxhoba aqhelekileyo aloo mbandela wobukrakra (iintsana, amabhinqa kunye nezinto ezinjalo).
Imveliso yokutya yaseMerika, eyayisoloko ibonakalisa njengeziqulatho zezidlo ezifanelekileyo, yatshitshiswa kwaye yafunyanwa yityholo yokuba babulala ngamakhasimende abo abathengi. Kodwa i-campaign enkulu ye-fat anti-saturated PR inempumelelo; ngexesha elifutshane ngokukhawuleza, abavelisi bokutya banamathela ngokupheleleyo.
Iimpawu zeTrans zishintsha ngokukhawuleza amafutha athileyo malunga nayo yonke ukutya okucwangcisiweyo.
Isiphumo sasibizwa ngokuba yi-"Snackwell", apho i-industry-transformed-conscious conscious industries eyenza yonke imigca yemveliso "yokutya okunokutya" okungekho mafutha azalisiweyo. Ngelishwa, balayishwa nge-carbohydrates eqhutywe kakhulu ( ii-carbs ezimbi), kunye neeninzi kunye namafutha amaninzi.
I-American Heart Association (AHA), edibanisa kumnandi, ifumene umrhumo omtsha weengeniso xa iqala ukunikezela ngeendlela ezininzi zokutya (kubandakanya, ngokukodwa, iiFlash Frosted kunye nePop-Tarts) zazo ezisemthethweni Ileta-yezempilo-ilebula.
Kukho nje ukuphikisa ukuba ukutshabalalisa kwangoku kwindlala esiye sabona eUnited States kwakuncinci kuncedwa kunye nokukhuthazwa kweScottwell ngeengcali zethu zezempilo zoluntu, ezaqhubeka zivakalisa ingozi yeemfuyo ezizalisiweyo ezazingekho ukutya kwethu okutsha okunempilo.
Uh-oh
Ubungqina bokuba i-trans oil ayinakulungele ukusetyenziswa komntu - kwaye ngokwenene yayimbi kakhulu - ngokuqinisekileyo yaqala ukuqokelela kakuhle phambi ko-1984. Kodwa loo nto ingqina elibuhlungu yayingenaso ithuba lokulwa "nesayensi ehleliweyo" eyayinamandla kwaye ivakalisa ngentshiseko iingcali ezivela kwiipolatifti zazo ezahlukahlukeneyo zoluntu.
Kuphela nje ubungqina benzululwazi ngokubhekiselele kumathambo e-trans edibanisa ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba awakusayi kutyeshwa. Kwakuyiminyaka engama-20 epheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba umcimbi we-Snackwell uqothulwe.
Omnye unokucinga ukuba iingcali zethu zezempilo zentlalo, i-CSPI kunye ne-AHA kungenzeka ukuba ibonise ukutyikitya okufutshane xa inyaniso yagqibha ngokucacileyo malunga namafutha atshintshe (ngokoqobo) ayidonsa intamo yethu. Kodwa a bazange.
Kunoko, (ekhokelwa, ngokugqithiseleyo, yi-CSPI, eyayimangalisa intsingiselo engama-180 kumbusi ngobusuku) iingcali zaphakamisa ukuvutha komsindo kwabo bonke ababi, iinkampani zokutya ezikrakra, ezazisenza ukuba zizithathele zona amafutha atyhutyhileyo kubantu bethu (kubandakanye nalabo bantwana, abantwana, njl)
Kuba iingcali, ukuba yiingcali, akunakuze ziphosakele. Bavele bamkele izikhundla ezintsha, njengoko zifunekayo, kwaye bazinyame kwaye bayalibala yonke into ababeyithetha izolo. Leyo yindlela yehlabathi, kwaye akukho ncinane into yokulila apha.
I-Morality Of Story
Kodwa kunokuba luncedo ukugcina ingqalelo kwimbali edabukisayo yeentlobo eziphathekayo njengengcali zethu zempilo zentlalo - ngezinga elifanayo lokuqinisekiswa, intshiseko kunye nentukuthelo abaye bahambisa ngayo amafutha atshintshe phezu kwethu, kunye nezivakalisi ezifanayo malunga nesayensi kwaye ukuba ubungqina obuninzi obuphikisanayo buya kutyeshwa - namhlanje bazama ukugunyaza umqobo ongenakwenzeka ongenakunqandwa ngetyuwa kulo lonke uluntu.
Ndiyithetha nje.
Imithombo:
Mozaffarian D, Katan MB, Ascherio A, et al. I-Trans e-fatty acids kunye nesifo senhliziyo. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1601.