I-intraventricular hemorrhage, ebizwa ngokuba yi-IVH, iphuma kumagqabha engqondo . I-IVH ingaba yinyameko okanye inzima, kuxhomekeke ekuphumeni kwegazi. Ezinye iintsana ezifumana i-IVH aziyi kuba nayiphi na imiphumo yesikhathi eside, ngelixa iintsana ezinokuphuma kwegazi ngokubanzi zinokulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa okanye ezinye iziphumo ezingapheliyo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyanwe ukuba unomzimba wegazi, ukufunda okuninzi malunga nalo mqathango kunokukunceda ukuba uqonde oko kwenzekayo kunye nosana lwakho nokuthi uza kubuyiselwa njani.
Ubunzima be-IVH
Kwiintsana, i-hemorrhages ye-intraventric ihlelwe ngokwahlukileyo kwimiba enzima.
- Ibanga 1: Ukuhlamba kuphelelweyo kumatrikhi okuhluma, indawo ephosakeleyo kufuphi neepricricle eziqukethe amancinci amancinci amancinci. IBakala 1 IVH ibizwa ngokuba yi-germinal matrix hemorrhage.
- Ibanga lesi-2: Ukuhlamba kufunyanwa kwii-ventricles, kodwa i-ventricles ihlala isayizi efanayo.
- Ibanga lesi-3: Ukuhlanjululwa kufumaneka kuma-ventricles, kwaye ukuphuma kwegazi kuye kwabangela ukuba ama-ventricle ahluthe, okanye akhule.
- IBakala 4: Igazi lifumaneka kwiipriricle, eziye zahlenga, kunye nakwiindawo ezikufuphi zobuchopho. IBakala 4 IVH ibizwa ngokuba yi-intracranial hemorrhage.
I-Grade 1 kunye neBakala 2 i-hemorrhages zidlalwa njengegazi elimhlophe, ngelixa ibakala lesi-3 kunye ne-4 liphezulu kakhulu, kunye neempawu ezinzulu kakhulu kunye neengxaki ezingaphezulu kwexesha elide.
Izizathu
Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaqhaqho yimbangela enkulu yokunyuka kwegazi, kwaye ezininzi iimeko ze-IV zivela kwiintsana zingaphantsi kwamaviki angama-30 okanye ngaphantsi kwama-1 500 amagremu (3 lbs 5 oz).
Iimvumba zangasemva zenzeke ekuqaleni kwendlela yokuphila, kunye neepesenti ezingama-90 ezenzeka kwiintsuku zokuqala ezintathu zobomi. Oogqirha bacinga ukuba izinto ezininzi zidibanisa ukwenza iintshaba zithinteke kwi-IVH. Okokuqala, imithwalo yegazi kwindawo yengqondo ye-preemie iyancipha ngakumbi kunezo zithuba kwikana. Iintsana ezisemandulo nazo zinokubandezeleka ngeziganeko eziphindaphindiweyo zezinga elingaphantsi kwe-oksijeni yegazi kwaye zibonakaliswe ukuguquka okukhulu kwegazi.
Iimpawu
Iintsana ezinobunzima obuvuthayo zingenayo nayiphi na impawu. Iimpawu zeemvakalelo ezinzima kakhulu kwiintsana zangaphambi kwexesha ziquka:
- Ukwanda kweepisodes ze- apnea kunye ne-bradycardia
- Ukunciphisa intsimbi ye-muscle
- Iingcamango eziphantsi
- Unxilisayo
- Ukulala ngokweqile
Ukuxilongwa
Iimvumba ezithintekayo zifunyaniswa ne- ultrasound yentloko. Izibhedlele ezininzi zihlala zikhenkce zonke iintsana ezingaphambi kwe-IVH ngeveki yokuqala yobomi kwaye kwakhona ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kwesibhedlele.
Unyango
Ngelishwa, ayikho indlela yokumisa i-hemorrhage emva kokuba sele iqalile. Unyango lwe-IVH ujolise iimpawu zegazi kwaye ingaquka ukunyusa ukunyusa ukuphefumula okanye unyango lwe-apnea kunye ne-bradycardia.
Ukufika kwi-10 ekhulwini yeintsana ezinesifo se-intraventricular hemorrhage ziza kuhlakulela i- hydrocephalus , i-buildup ye-cerebrospinal fluid kwi-ventricles. I-Hydrocephalus yenza intloko yintsana ikhule ngokukhawuleza kunokuba iqhelekileyo yenza indawo yetsholongwane eyongezelelweyo kwaye inokubeka uxinzelelo kwiisisu ezincinci. I-Hydrocephalus inokuhamba yodwa, okanye ukuhlinzwa kunokufuneka. Oogqirha banokugqiba isigqibo sokufaka i-ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP shunt) ukucima umbane kwaye unciphise uxinzelelo kwingqondo.
Iziphumo zexesha elide
Imiphumo yexesha elide inokuba ngumnene okanye inzima kwaye ixhomekeke ekuxineni kwegazi.
Iintsana ezinabakala 1 okanye ibakala lesi-2 ziphuma ngegazi zingenayo imiphumo engapheliyo okanye ingaba nemiphumo emibi enzima ukuyilinganisela.
Abantwana abaninzi abaneemvakalelo ezibi kakhulu abayi kuba nemiphumo engapheliyo, kodwa abantwana abahluphekayo kwibanga lesi-3 okanye ibanga lesi-4, ukunyuka kwegazi njengabantwana basengozini yemiphumo embi kakhulu. Ukulibaziseka okuphuhlisayo kunokuba nzima kakhulu phakathi kwala bantwana. Abantwana abanembali yegazi elibi kakhulu banokubandezeleka kokusebenza kakuhle kunye nezinye iziphazamiso ezifana nokulahlekelwa kwengqalelo-ingxaki yokuxhatshazwa kwempilo (ADHD).
Thintelo
Ngenxa yokuba i-IVH ingabangela iingxaki ezinzima kwaye ayikwazi ukuyeka xa sele iqalile, oogqirha kunye nososayensi baye bajolisa imizamo yabo yokukhusela.
Ukuthintela ukuhanjiswa kwangaphambili kwindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela i-IV, ngoko ke oomama abanomdla onobungozi bokunikezelwa kwangaphambili kufuneka bathethe noogqirha babo ngokunciphisa ingozi yabo. Amachiza amaninzi aye afundelwa indima yawo ekukhuseleni IVH. I-steroids yokubeletha kwabasetyhini abasengozini yokuhanjiswa kwangethuba kuboniswe ukukhusela, kodwa kufuneka banikezwe ngexesha elincinci lewindow. Olunye unyango, i-indomethacin, luye lwaboniswa ukuba lukhusele.
Imithombo
- Hansen, uTr Wil Willy Ruud. "I-Prophylaxis ye-Hemorrhage ye-Intraventricular in Early Infants: Iintsholongwane ezitsha zengxaki, iMingeni entsha yokuNyango". 90-92.
- Gardner, Marsha. "Iziphumo kwabantwana abafumana izibilini ze-Neurologic njenge-Preterm iintsana" Uncedo lwabahlengikazi beeNyanga uNgo / Dec 2005: 31; 448-457.
- Ii-Sears MD, uWilliam, i-Sears MD, uRobert, i-Sears MD, uJames, i-Sears RN, uMarta. Incwadi Yomntwana Yengaphambi Kwangaphambili: Yonke Into Okufuneka Uyazi Ngomntwana Wakho Okhulileyo Kusukela Ekuzalweni Kuya Kudala . Little, Brown kunye neCo, eNew York, 2004.
- Medline Plus. "I-Hemorrhage yeNtsana esanda kuzalwa" Kufike kwi-8-20-09 kwiwebhusayithi.