UmGaqo ohlanganiswe neengozi ephakamileyo yeengqondo zeentliziyo
Abantu abaphila ne-HIV baye baphakamisa amanqanaba e- cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides , okubangelwa yintsholongwane ngokwalo kuphela kodwa izidakamizwa zenzelwe ukunyanga kwesi sifo. Ezinye izinto zinokuthi zenze igalelo kule miqathango, eyaziwayo, ngokulandelanayo, njengoko i-hypercholesterolemia kunye ne- hypertriglyceridemia .
Yintoni i-Cholesterol?
I-Cholesterol ichazwa yi-American Heart Association njengento engamanzi e-bloodstream yomntu ephuma kubini kwesibindi somuntu kunye nokutya okuthe ngqo-ngokukodwa ukutya okubomvu kunye nemveliso yobisi epheleleyo.
I-cholesterol engapheliyo inokuvimbela imirhobho emzimbeni, ekhusela ukuhamba kwegazi okwaneleyo ukufikelela kwizibilini ezibalulekileyo, kuquka intliziyo nengqondo. Oku kunokwandisa umngcipheko womntu wokuba nesifo senhliziyo okanye ukubetha.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-cholesterol:
- I-cholesterol ye-LDL : ithathwa njenge-"cholesterol" embi, i-LDL ephezulu idibene nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo kunye nesifo. Ukutya okucebileyo kwiimveliso ezigciniweyo kunye nezitratshi-njengezilwanyana ezibomvu, ukutya okucwangcisiweyo kunye nokutya okuncinci- kunceda ukuphakamisa i-cholesterol yeLDL.
- I-cholesterol ye-HDL : edlalwa ngokuba yi-"cholesterol" enhle, i-HDL ephantsi idibene nomngcipheko wokunyuka kwesifo senhliziyo okanye ukubetha. I-genetics yomntu, onesifo sikashukela se-type 2 , ukutshaya, kunye nokuphila ngendlela yokunciphisa umzimba kunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol ye-HDL.
I-cholesterol iyonke ibalwa ngokufaka i-HDL + LDL + 20% yezinga le-triglyceride yomntu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-cholesterol iyimfuneko yezinga le-cholesterol lingaphantsi kwama-milligram ye-deciliter (mg / dL).
Ziyintoni Iingxaki?
I-Triglycerides yimizimba eqhelekileyo ephuma ekutya okanye eyenziwa ngumzimba ukusuka kwe-carbohydrate. Emva kokuba umntu adle isidlo, iikhalori ezongezelelweyo ezingasetyenziselwa amandla angangoko ziguqulwa zibe yi-triglycerides. Ezi zinto zihambelana negazi kuze kube yilapho zifikelela kwizicubu ezinamafutha, apho zigcinwa khona ukuze zisebenzise kamva.
Amanqanaba ephakamileyo e-triglyceride axhunyelelwe ithuba lokunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye nohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile. Ukongezelela koko, ukuba umntu une-triglycerides ephakamileyo kunye nezinga eliphezulu le-LDL okanye i-HDL ephantsi, ngoko uya kuba sebunciphekweni obukhulu bokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye imivimbo.
Ngokubanzi, inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-triglyceride lichazwa njengelinokuba ngaphantsi kwezigidigidi ezili-150 nge-deciliter (mg / dL), ngelixa i-high grade triglyceride ichazwe njenge-500mg / dL okanye ngaphezulu.
Iimeko ezandisa ingozi yomntu we-hypertriglyceridemia ziquka:
- Ukunyanya
- Ukungasebenzi
- Ukusela ngokweqile utywala
- Ukubhema ugwayi
- Udla ukutya ocebile kwi-carbohydrates (njengokonkotra, ii-cookies, izonka kunye namazambane)
- Iimeko ezithile zonyango ezifana nesifo sikashukela sesi-2 okanye isifo sesifo esingasigxina
- Amanye amayeza (njengama-antiretrovirals, i- estrogen kunye ne- corticosteroids )
- Ukwenza imfuza yomzimba
I-Cholesterol kunye ne-Triglycerides kunye ne-Link yabo kwi-HIV
Ukusuleleka kwe-HIV ngokwayo kubangela ukwanda kwe-cholesterol kunye namanqanaba e-triglyceride kumntu ogulayo. Le meko inokuthi iqhutyiswe ngakumbi yingozi ye- HIV ye-antiretroviral , eyinokuchaphazela kakubi amanqanaba e-cholesterol yomntu.
Iidakamizwa ze-HIV ezikhethwe njenge- protease inhibitors (i-PIs) zixhomekeke kwi-hypertriglyceridemia kunye ne-hypercholesterolemia.
Inombolo ye- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (i-NRTI) - amachiza eklasi angafaka isandla kulo. Phakathi kwabo:
- Ziagen (abacavir)
- Zerit (stavudine)
- Retrovir (zidovudine, AZT)
- Kaletra (lopinavir + ritonavir)
Ulawulo lwe-Cholesterol ephezulu ne-Triglycerides
Ngenxa yokubambisana kunye nefuthe phakathi kwe-HIV kunye ne-cholesterol / i-triglycerides ephakamileyo, abantu abane-HIV kufuneka bafumane iimvavanyo zegazi rhoqo ukuze bajonge amanqanaba egazi le-serum.
Ukutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila (kubandakanya ukuzivocavoca , ukutya okuncitshisiweyo kunye nokuyeka ukutshaya ) kunokunciphisa imiphumo emibi yonyango kunye nokusuleleka. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze- statin kunye namanye amayeza ukunciphisa i-cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides kunokucetyiswa ukuba amanqanaba aphelelwe yinto enokuthi ithathwa njengempilo, ngakumbi kubantu abadala okanye abo abane-syndrome ye-metabolic.
Uphando olusuka kwiCaiser Permanente Division of Research luye lwabonisa ukuba imishanguzo ye-cholesterol inokusebenza kakuhle phakathi kwabantu abathile abane-HIV abasengozini yesifo senhliziyo. Nangona ingozi yesifo iphezulu ngenxa yokungaqhelekanga kweepiliti ezinokuthi zenzeke ngezidakamizwa ezithile ze-antiretroviral, imishanguzo ye-cholesterol ibonakala isebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekulawuleni amazinga aphakamileyo okanye adibeneyo.
Ukongeza kwiizidakamizwa zendabuko, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezilawula i-lipid ezifana neLolid (gemfibrozil) kuboniswe ngcono ukulawula kokubili i-cholesterol kunye namazinga e-triglyceride kubantu abaphila ne-HIV.
Imithombo:
AIDSInfo. "Iimpembelelo ezingeNtsholongwane kaGawulayo." Iwebsite yeSebe lezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu (DHHS); fi kelela ngoSeptemba 25, 2015.
I-American Heart Association (AHA). "Malunga neCholesterol." UDallas, eTexas; fi kelela ngoSeptemba 25, 2015.
Feeney, E. kunye neMallon, P. "I-HIV kunye ne-HAART-Associated Dyslipidemia." Vula iCardiovasc Med J. 2011; 5: 49-63.
Kaiser Permanente. Isifundo esiPhezulu kunazo zonke sifanisa ukwelashwa kweCholesterol Kwizigulane ze-HIV kunye nezigulane ezingenayo i-HIV. " ScienceDaily . Ipapashwe ngo-Matshi 2, 2009.