I-Truvada yi-pilisi enye, isilwanyana esilungeleleneyo esinezidakamizwa ezimbini zokulwa ne-antiretroviral, i-tenofovir kunye ne-emtricitabine, zombini ihlelwe njenge-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Amacandelo amabini eziyobisi azithengiswa ngokuzimela njengeViread (tenofovir) kunye ne-Emtriva (emtricitabine, FTC).
I-Truvada yavunywa yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngo-Agasti 2004 ukuba isebenziswe kunyango lwe-HIV , ngokukodwa kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-12 abanesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-77 (35kg) okanye ngaphezulu.
I-Truvada yanikwa imvume yo-FDA ngoJulayi 2012 ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa ekuthinteleni ukufumana i-HIV kubantu abanobungozi obucwangcisiweyo kwiqhinga elibizwa ngokuba yi- pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) .
UkuQulunqa
Ithebulethi equlunqwe ngokubambisana equkethe i-300mg tenofovir diisopropyl fumarate kunye ne-200mg emtricitabine. Ithebhulethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-oblong yile filimu iboshwe kwaye igxinwe kwelinye icala kunye nenombolo "701" kunye nelinye negama lomenzi "IGILEAD."
Isistim
- Kwiigulane ezine-HIV: enye ipilisi nganye imihla, ithathwe ngomlomo kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya.
- Ukusetyenziswa njenge-PrEP: i-tablet enye imihla ngemihla, ithathwe ngomlomo kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya.
- Izigulane ezineempembelelo (iimpiliso) ukukhubazeka: enye ithebhulethi ithathwa rhoqo kwiiyure ezingama-48 ukuba imvume ye-creinine iphakathi kwe-30-49mL / ngomzuzu. Ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-30mL / ngomzuzu okanye kwi-hemodialysis, ungasebenzisi .
Imiyalelo
Kwizigulane ezine-HIV, i-Truvada kufuneka ithathwe ngokuxhatshazwa kunye nezinye i-antiretroviral agents.
Xa zisetyenziswe njenge-PrEP, i-Truvada ithathwa yodwa njengenxalenye yeqhinga elikhuselekileyo lokukhusela i-HIV, elibandakanya iikhondom kunye nezinye iinkqubo zesondo ezikhuselekileyo.
Iziphumo eziPhakathi
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo nokusetyenziswa kweTruvada (ezenzeka kwi-5% okanye ngaphantsi kwamatyala) ziquka:
- I sizathu
- Uhudo
- Ukukhathala
- Sinusitis
- Intloko
- Utywala
- Ukuxinezeleka
- Rash
Ukungqinelana
Njengomthetho, nayiphi na idiza edibeneyo edibanisa i-tenofovir, emtricitabine okanye lamivudine (esinye isidakamizwa se-NRTI esifana ne-emtricitabine) akufanele sithathwe kunye neTruvada.
- Izidakamizwa ze-antiretroviral ze-HIV: I- Atripla (tenofovir + emtricitabine + efavirenz), i-Combivir (Retrovir + lamivudine), iComplera (tenofovir + emtricitabine + rilpivirine), i-Emtriva (emtricitabine, i-FTC), i-Epivir (lamivudine, 3TC), i- Epzicom (abacavir + lamivudine) , Stribild (tenofovir + emtricitabine + elvitegravir + cobicistat), i- Triumeq (abacavir + lamivudine + dolutegravir), i-Trizivir (Retrovir + abacavir + lamivudine), i-Viread (i-tenofovir)
- Imithi ye-Hepatitis B: I-Hepsera (adefovir)
Ukusebenzisana
Mcebisa ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha naziphi na ezi zilandelayo:
- I-Anticoagulants: Lixiana (edoxaban), Pradaxa (dabigatran)
- Amachiza omhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamagciwane: Ofev / Vargatef (nintedanib)
Ingqwalasela yonyango
I-Truvada kufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo kwizigulane ezineembali ze-renal (i-kidney). Soloko uvavanya imvume yokudala i-creinine ngaphambi kokuba uqalise unyango. Kwizigulane ezinobungozi bokungasebenzi kwemfucuza, zibandakanya imvume yokudalwa kwemveli, i-serum phosphorus, i-urine glucose kunye neprotein yamanzi xa iliso.
Ukunyamekela kufuneka kuthathelwe xa kulungiswa i-Truvada ne-HIV ye-antiretroviral drug Videx (doanosine). Nangona iinkqubo zokusebenzisana zingaziwa, uphando lubonise ukuba ulawulo lwentsebenziswano lunokwandisa i-concentration ye-Videx ye-serum kunye nokwandisa amathuba okwenzeka kwiziganeko ezimbi (umzekelo, i-pancreatic, neuropathy).
Kunconywa ukuba iVidex iyancitshiswa ibe yi-250mg kwizigulana ezilingana nezigidi ezili-132 (60kg) okanye ngaphezulu.
Idatha ekhoyo yoluntu kunye nezilwanyana ibonisa ukuba i-Truvada ayinakwandisa umngcipheko weziphene zokuzalwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa . Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iziphumo ze-tenofovir kunye ne-emtricitabine kwintsana ayengaziwa, oomama bayacetyiswa ukuba bangalusanga xa bethatha iTruvada.
Imithombo:
US Administration and Drug Administration (FDA). "I-FDA iyavuma ukuhlanganiswa kweziBini ezinokuThatyathwa kweDube iMichiza yeMithi yokuPhathwa kwe-HIV-1 Infection." Silver Spring, eMaryn; ukukhutshwa kwenkcazelo ekhutshwe ngo-Agasti 2, 2004.
FDA. "I-FDA iyavuma iyeza lokuqala ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka koGawulayo." Silver Spring, eMaryn; ukukhutshwa kwenkcazelo ekhutshwe ngoJulayi 16, 2012.