Xa ibhinqa liqala ukuba neempawu zokumelana nokuphuphuma komzimba njengokutshisa okutshisa, ixesha elingaqhelekiyo okanye ukutshintsha kwemizwelo, mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba mhlawumbi kufuneka athathe uhlobo oluthile lwe-hormone therapy (MHT). Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa "i-hormone yonyango yokuguqula," okanye i-HRT, ngokuqhelekileyo ibhekisela kudibaniselwano yamahomoni wesifazane i-estrogen kunye / okanye i-progesterone.
Uphando luqala ukubonisa ukuba yiziphi iingozi kunye neenzuzo zonyango lwe-hormone ye-menopause, kodwa kusekhona into eninzi yokufunda ngemiphumo ye-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone emizimbeni yethu kunye nempilo yethu. Ngelixa lonyango olunempumelelo kwimpawu ezininzi zokumelana nokuphuma, i-hormone therapy inokunyusa amathuba eminye imiqathango, kwaye isigqibo sokuyisebenzisa isenzo sokulinganisela sokuqulunqa ukuba i-pros ikhuphe i-cons.
Ucwaningo lwe-Women's Health Initiative (WHI) lulona lukhulu luhlolisiso olwenziweyo kwindoda yabasetyhini kwaye lugxile kwizifo zentliziyo, i-bone fractures, kunye ne-breast andal cancer. Enye yezicwangciso zokukhusela ezifundwayo ziyimpembelelo yonyango ye-hormone kule miqathango.
Ekuqaleni kwakucingelwa ukuba unyango lwe-hormone luyakuthintela isifo senhliziyo kunye nokushaywa yintlungu kubasetyhini abasemva. Xa kuboniswe ukuba akusiyo kuphela i-estrogen ayikhuseli abasetyhini besifo senhliziyo kunye nesisu kodwa abafazi kwi-hormone unyango ngokwenene babe nokwanda kule miqathango, izilingo zavalwa kwangaphambili.
Abaphengululi basasaza ngokusebenzisa ulwazi ukuba bawaphi abafazi besengozini enkulu kwaye ngokwenene baxhamle kwi-hormone therapy.
Isiphakamiso samanje sokuba unyango lwama-hormone unyango lubonisa ukuba unyango lwe-hormone lisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ze-menopausal, kufuneka lusetyenziswe kumanani amancinci asebenzayo, ngexesha elifutshane kunyanzelekile.
Izinzuzo
Kukho iingeniso eziqinisekisiweyo ubuncinane kwikhosi emfutshane ye-estrogen kunye / okanye i-progesterone. Phakathi kwezizathu onokucinga ukuba usebenzisa i-hormone unyango:
- Ulwaphulo lweHormone yonyango oluphambili lokutshisa okutshisayo kunye nokomama wesisu
- I-MHT ihlala isebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni iimpawu ezinxulumene nemizwelo kuquka ukuguquka kwemizwelo kunye nokudandatheka
- I-MHT inokuphucula umgangatho wobuthongo kubasetyhini abaphethwe yintlungu xa besesimeni
- I-MHT iyancipha ukulahlekelwa kwethambo, ukukhusela okanye ukulibazisa i-osteoporosis. Ezinye iyeza, ezifana ne-bisphosphonates okanye i-raloxifene, ngokuqhelekileyo zikhethwa kuqala ukukhusela ukulahleka kwethambo, kodwa ukuba usebenzisa i-hormone unyango kwezinye izizathu uncedo olongezelelweyo luya kukhuselwa kwi-osteoporosis.
Kuyabasetyhini abaneempawu eziphazamisayo xa besesigxininini, i-MHT inokuphucula umgangatho wobomi, ibancedise ukuba sitshintshe utshintsho kwaye isoloko igcina imilinganiselo yezempilo kunye nemimoya.
Mngcipheko
Njengoko i-WHI kunye nolunye uphando lubonakalisile, kukho iingozi ezinzulu zokuqwalasela nge-MHT. Ubungozi buphakamileyo kubafazi abathile, ngokuxhomekeka kwimbali yabo yempilo kunye nembali yabo yempilo yentsapho. Ingozi eyaziwa kakhulu yiyo:
- Amacwecwe egazi
- Iziganeko ze-Cardiovascular, kuhlanganise nokubetha nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo
- Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wesibele
- Isifo seGallbladder
Ekubeni umngcipheko wakho kuxhomekeke kubambiswano lwakho lomngcipheko, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale ngcebiso ngenyameko kunye nomboneleli wakho wezonyango.
Xa i-MHT ayinayo inketho
Kwabafazi abathile, ingozi yokusebenzisa i-hormone therapy iphezulu kakhulu. I-MHT ayinakukhuthazwa kwabasetyhini aba:
- Bakhulelwe okanye bacinga ukuba banokukhulelwa
- Ukuphuma kwintsholongwane engavumelekanga okanye engachaziyo
- Ngaba (okanye unayo) umdlavuza webele okanye umdlavuza wesibeleko
- Yiba nembali yokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo okanye isifo
- Yiba nembali yokufumana igazi
- Isifo sesibindi
Imiphumela
Ukongeza kwimingcipheko, unyango lwe-hormone lungabangela nezinye iziphumo zecala.
Xa ucinga malunga nolu luphi unyango olungileyo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba unokuhlangabezana nanoma yintoni elandelayo xa uthatha i-estrogen kunye / okanye i-progesterone:
- Ubumnene besisu okanye ukuvuvukala
- Ukuphuma ngegazi
- Ukuqhawula
- Intloko
- Ukuzinzisa
- Ukuphazamiseka kwemizi
- Ukucatshulwa kwendawo okanye ukuphendula ngokuthe ngqo kwindlela yokuhambisa (isangqa lesisu, isalathisi sesikhumba, ukhilimu)
Ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela ekuphazamisayo ngayo iimpawu zokuphuphuma komzimba, i-hormone side effects ingakukhusela kwi-MHT.
Imibuzo Yokubuza
Kwabesetyhini abaninzi, isigqibo malunga nokuba uthathe amahomoni ngaphambi nangemva kokumiselwa kwexesha yinto enkulu. Awunakuze ubekho nawaphi na amachiza ebomini bakho okanye unokuphikisana nefilosofi ukunyanga utshintsho oluqhelekileyo ngeyeza.
Naluphi na ukukhathazeka kwakho, xa iimpawu zokuphuphuma komzimba ziqala ukukuchaphazela, kwaye ucinga ukuba unokuzama ukuzama unyango lwe-hormone, le mibuzo ibuze yona:
- Ziyingozi kangakanani iimpawu zakho? Iimpawu zitshintsha kakhulu ukusuka kwibhinqa elinye ukuya kwelinye elilandelayo, ukusuka ekungabikho kwinto engenakuxhomekeka. Cinga ngeendlela eziphazamisayo iimpawu zakho ezikwinqanaba le-10 ukuya kwelinye, apho umntu "engandikhathazi nakwebonke" kwaye 10, "andiyikucinga ukuba ndiyakuma omnye umzuzu." Bhala uluhlu ngalunye uze uluphumelele enye ukuya kwi-10. Thatha la manqaku xa uthetha ugqirha wakho.
- Ziziphi iingozi zakho zempilo? Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imeko yonyango? Ngaba uyathabatha amayeza ngoku? Ngaba uye waba nezifo ezinzulu ezifana nomhlaza? Njani i-cholesterol yakho? Bunzima bakho? Bhala zonke iingozi zempilo owaziyo ukuba nazo kwaye uzilungiselele ukuthetha ngazo xa uxubusha unyango lwe-hormone kunye nomboneleli wakho wezonyango.
- Yintoni imbali yentsapho yakho? Ngaba zikhona naziphi iimeko zempilo ezibonakala ziqhutyelwa kwintsapho yakho? Isifo sentliziyo? Cancer? Cholesterol ephezulu? Ukuvala iingxaki? Isifo sikashukela? Osteoporosis? Ukuxinezeleka? Qinisekisa ukuba ufumanisa ngokubanzi njengoko unako malunga nembali yezempilo yabazali bakho kunye nabantakwabo.
- Luhlobo luni lova umama wakho analo? Awukwazi ukuba uphendule kulo mnye, kodwa amava omama wakho ekumiseni kwesikhashana angakunika izikhokelo malunga noko ukulindela kuwe.
- Uvakalelwa njani malunga nokuthatha amayeza kunye nama-hormone ngokukodwa? Cinga ngendlela ovakalelwa ngayo ngokuphathelele ukuthatha imithi yemihla ngemihla. Abanye abesifazana abawunikeli ngcamango yesibini kwaye abanye bafumanisa ukuba ukuphulwa kwexabiso labo okanye ukuzityhilela ekuziphatheni kwabo. Ukuba unzima ukukhumbuza ukuthatha ipilisi imihla ngemihla, ngaba uya kulungeleka ngekiti okanye isondo lesisu ukuze uphathe iimpawu zakho?
Ukufumana ukulinganisela phakathi kokuncedwa kwezempilo kunye nokwenyama kwintsebenzo ebalulekileyo yasemkhatsini kunye nokugqiba ukuba ukuthatha i-hormone ngexesha lokuya kwindoda akusiyo inzululwazi ngqo. Nangona ukhetha isigqibo, unokulungisa utshintsho sakho njengoko iimpawu zakho ziguquka. Akunjalo ixesha elilodwa lokukhetha njengento eqhubekayo phakathi kwengxoxo kunye nogqirha wakho. Ukufunda oko unokukwazi malunga neyeza le-hormone kwaye uzibuze yona imibuzo ephakathi kukulungiselela le ncoko.
> Imithombo:
> Iziko leZiko loPhuculo lweeKliniki, ukuCima kwexesha kunye neyeza le-hormone (HT): ukwenziwa kwesigqibo kunye nolawulo. I-National Guideline Clearinghouse, ngo-Okthoba 2006.
> Isebe lezeMpilo eMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu, iiNational Institutes of Health, iNational Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute, "Iingqinisiso malunga neNyango yamaHormone Treatment," i- NIH Publication No. 05-5200.