Unyaka oMakishwe yi-PrEP, i-Breakthroughs, kunye ne-Obamacare Challing
U-2017 wawungunyaka we-PrEP. Ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi uphuhliso lwekliniki, i- HIV ngaphambi-exposed exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) ifakwe ekukhanyeni ukuba singakufikelela phi ukuphathwa kwesi sifo kuphela kodwa sinika abantu isixhobo sokuzikhusela kwisifo.
Akunjalo ukuba yimiba yodwa eyathatha isihloko kwi-2017. Sasizibona sihlahlela ngokusondeleyo ekutshintsheni izibhedlele zonyango ezintathu.
Singaba sesigqithweni sokuba neziyobisi ezenza ixesha elide elingenayo i -HIV ezingafuneki ngaphezu kwebhodi nganye ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu.
Ngaphazamiso, ubungqina bubonisa ukuba ukuchasana nesichengiselwano, i-tenofovir , isakhiwo kunye nokuba nemibutho kwimibutho ye-HIV yentsholongwane iyancipha njengoko ama-US kunye namanye amaqela e-G12 amkela ubuzwe ngokubambisana.
Yaye yonke imihla sibona uMthetho ojongene noNonophelo ongenakunciphisa kwaye unqunywe ngulawulo lweTrump, ukubeka impilo yabantu abaphila nezifo ezingapheliyo, ezifana ne-HIV, phantsi komthunzi wokungaqiniseki.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba u-2018 ngumnyaka wokuhlala impilo enempilo, kukho izigqibo ezinhlanu wonke umntu onokuzenza:
1. Hlavanywa namhlanje
Okwangoku e-United States, kucetyiswa ukuba wonke umntu ophakathi kweminyaka eyi-15 no-65 ahlolwe i-HIV njengenxalenye yokutyelela konyango. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ama-200,000 kunye namanye amaMerika angabonakali ngeso sifo, isimemo sokuhlola ihlabathi asizange somelele.
Izinketho zokuvavanya ziquka ukuhlanganiswa kwesizukulwana esilandelayo kwi- HIV iimvume ezivunywe yiSebe lezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu. Iilingo elilula, elincinci lomnxeba linokunquma ngokukhawuleza ixesha lefestile ukusuka kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-12.
I-over-counter-test, iimvavanyo zekhaya ezikhawulezayo nazo ziyafumaneka kulabo abanokuthi bagweme izixhobo zokuvavanywa koluntu.
Nangona ichanekile kangangoko kunemigangatho eqhelekileyo, iimpawu zokunyamekela, zinokunika umntu amandla okuzimela kunye nokugcinwa kwimbali kunye nenkxaso ye-hotline kufuneka ibuyiswe uvavanyo oluhle.
2. Qala unyango lwe-HIV namhlanje
U-2017 wawunyaka xa abaninzi abaphathi bezempilo behlabathi baphinde bavuselela umnxeba wovavanyo lwehlabathi jikelele kunye nokunyanga. Akusafaneleki ukuba unyango lulibaziseke ngokusekelwe kwi- CD4 count Namhlanje, unyango ekuxilongweni alugcini nje kuphela luqinisekisa impilo eninzi, kodwa kunciphise kakhulu umngcipheko wokudluliselwa kumlingane ongathandanga.
Ngaphezu koko, ukuqaliswa kokuqala kweyeza kuguqula ixesha elide kubantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ngokulindeleka kobomi ngoku ngokulingana noluntu jikelele .
3. Fumana kwaye Uhlale Ungabonakali
Iintlobo zonyango lokuqala luze zandiswe kubantu abangenayo i-HIV. Ngokugcina umthamo wentsholongwane engabonakaliyo, umntu ophila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza unama- 96% angaphantsi kwintsholongwane yokudlulisela intsholongwane kumlingane ongatshatanga.
Qala ngokuzibophelela ekumanyeleni ukungathinteki kweziyobisi . Oku kubandakanya ukuqinisekisa ukutyelela rhoqo ugqirha kunye neemvavanyo zelabhu kunye nokufumana inkxaso xa unzima ukuhlangabezana nayo.
Namhlanje, bambalwa nje ngamaphesenti angama-65 aseMerika kwi-ARV yokwelapha abakwazi ukuphumeza imithwalo engabonakaliyo yentsholongwane.
Isiphumo sokungaphumeleli singaba sikhulu, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ixesha lokuphila iminyaka engama-11.
4. Thatha i-PrEP
I-PrEP iyisicwangciso sokukhusela apho i-dose yemihla ngemihla yeTruvada inokunciphisa umngcipheko womntu wokufumana i-HIV ngama-92 ekhulwini. I-PrEP okwangoku ikhuthazwa ngabantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wokusuleleka, kubandakanya amadoda alala ngesondo kunye nabesilisa , abajobi abasebenzisa iziyobisi kunye neengxaki ezixubileyo ne-HIV.
Nangona ukuphunyezwa kwe-PrEP bekuyekezela ekubeni iingcebiso zaqala ukukhutshwa ngo-2014, ukwamukelwa kwabathengi bekuye kwindleko. Ngomnyaka ka-2017, ngaphezu kwe-136,000 yayimiselwe i-PrEP, ngokutsho komenzi weziyobisi.
Iiprogram zokuncedisa i-Co-pay zifumaneka kulabo abafanelekileyo, ukwenza ukuba iPEPP ilula kakhulu kulabo bachithwe unyango ngomshuwalense wabo.
5. Qhagamshelana noNonophelo lwezoNyango
Intsholongwane kaGawulayo yimeko engapheliyo, ubomi obungapheliyo, inokuthi ingaphathwa kakuhle kodwa ifuna ukunyamekela ngonyango. Ukungaphumeleli kwonyango ngokuyininzi ngumkhiqizo wokunyamekela okungahambelaniyo, apho abantu abawela ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenkqubo bahlala behluphekile kunabo bahlala behlala bekhathalele.
Uphando olutshanje lubonise ukuba ama-68 ekhulwini abantu abagcinwe ekunyamekeleni bakwazi ukufezekisa nokugcina umthwalo wentsholongwane engabonakaliyo ngokumalunga nama-43 ekhulwini abo bazinikela ngokuzithandela kule nkqubo.
Imiqobo yokunakekelwa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo isoloko ixakeke, ingakumbi kulabo abangakwazi ukufumana iindleko eziphezulu zonyango lwe-HIV. Kodwa zikhona izisombululo, kungekhona kuphela kubantu abaphantsi-mali abafumana imali kodwa nabani na abantu abazama ukuhlawula iziyobisi okanye i-inshorensi.
Qala ngokufunda luluphi uncedo lwenkqubo onokukwazi ukulungiselela kwaye uphonononge amacebo amatsha okufumana i-inshorensi eyindleko ephantsi .
> Imithombo:
> Branson, B; Owen, S; Wesolowski, M .; okqhubekayo. "Uvavanyo lweLebhu yokuHlola iNtsholongwane kaGawulayo: Iingcebiso eziPhuculo." Amaziko e-US for Control and Prevention (CDC) yeZifo. Atlanta, Georgia; kukhutshwa ngoDisemba 26, 2017.
> Hogg, R .; Althoff, K .; Samji, H .; okqhubekayo. "Ukunyuka kwexesha lokuphila phakathi kwabantu abanogciwane lesandulela ngculazi eMelika naseCanada, 2000-2007." I-7 ye-International AIDS Society (IAS) Inkomfa kwiPathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention. Kuala Lumpur, eMalaysia. NgoJuni 30-Julayi 3, 2013; Abstract TUPE260.
> I-US Preventive Services Task Force. "Ukuhlolwa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo: ISitatimende seNkcazo yeNkcazo yeNtshona Koloni. Rockville, Maryland; Epreli 2013.