Izigulane Ukufumana unyango lwe-Antiretroviral Progress Ngokukhawuleza
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunye nokusuleleka kwe-HIV kudlala indima ekunciphiseni imisebenzi yomzimba. Enyanisweni, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba utywala unokwenjenjalo ukukhawulezisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo se-HIV.
Le ngxaki kuba iinkcukacha zibonisa ukuba iingxaki zotywala zixhaphake phakathi kwabantu abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi (i-HIV) kunabantu bonke.
Sekude kusekwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kunokunciphisa imisebenzi emininzi ye-immune system, okukhokelela ekungciphekweni kokusuleleka. Kwizigulane ezisebenzisa kakubi utywala, ikhondo eliqhelekileyo kunye nesisombululo se-bacteria kunye neentsholongwane zentsholongwane.
Izifundo ziye zafumanisa ukuba izigulane ezinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ezineembali zeengxaki zotywala, abafumana unyango olukhuselekileyo lwe-antiretroviral (HAART), kwaye okwangoku banxila, banokunyuka okukhulu kwe-HIV kunabo abangaphuziyo.
Ukusela Utywala kunye neNkqubo yoVuselo
"Inxalenye yomdla wethu ekuhloliseni ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetyenziswa kotywala kunye nosulelo lwe-HIV lwalusekelwe kumava okliniki," kuchaza uJeffrey H. Samet, uprofesa wezobugcisa kunye nempilo yoluntu eYunivesithi yaseBoston, kunye nomfundi wokuqala wokufunda. "Endaweni yasezidolophini apho ndisebenza khona, isibalo esipheleleyo sezigulana-ngaphandle okanye ngaphandle kwe-HIV, kodwa nangakumbi nangayo-HIV-sinenkxalabo yezobisi."
Ehlabathini ngaphambi kokuba i-HIV, sisazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kubangele iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kwi-immunodeficiency ezifana nesifo sofuba nesifo se-pneumonia.Iye ke, siyazi nokuba i-HIV ihlasela isistim somzimba. Ngaba ezi zinto ezimbini-i-HIV kunye notywala-ziya kusebenzisana ngandlela-thile eyenza umzimba we-immune ungaphezu kwe-HIV kuphela? '"
Ukusela Ukuchaphazela unyango Ukunyaniseka
"Nangona asiqondanga ukuba utywala ngokuthe ngqo usebenzisana njani nesistim e-immune satshatyalaliswa yintsholongwane kaGawulayo," wongezelela u-Amy C. Justice, umphandi waseYunivesithi yasePittsburgh yeMicrosoft kunye ne-VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, "engekho umntu Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kotywala okunzima kunokukhawuleza ukuphakamisa umthamo wentsholongwane, mhlawumbi ngokunciphisa amandla okubulala igciwane. "
Ubulungisa bongezelela ukuba imiphumo engekho ngqo yokusela utywala nayo ibangelwa ukukhathazeka. Uthi: "Ulwaphulo oluninzi luyaziwa ukuba lunciphise amandla omntu wokumelana nokunyangwa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo," kwaye ukungabi nandaba kuyaziwa ukuba kukhokelela ekuqhubekeni kwezifo ngokukhawuleza. ezifana ne- hepatitis C okanye i-hepatitis B. engapheliyo "
Ukwandisa iingozi zengozi
"Ekugqibeleni, ukusetyenziswa kotywala okunzima kunokukhokelela ekunyuseni izinga lokutywala kakubi kwi-antiretroviral therapy njengoko zombini unokuba yingozi kwi-isibindi kunye nomnyo wethambo. Ngako oko, ukusetyenziswa kotywala okunzima kungakhokelela ekungabikho kolweni kunye nokuphela kokuphela kweyeza-antiretroviral iindlela. "
Ulwaphulo lwangoku lwe-HIV, i-HAART, lunegalelo ekunciphiseni ngokunyanisekileyo kwi-HIV kunye nokufa.
Eli gama alibhekiseli ngqo kwiyeza elithile, kodwa kwinqanaba elincinci lemithi e-antiretroviral eyaziwayo ukuba isebenze ngokuchasene ne-HIV, engowesigaba se-retroviruses.
Amanqanaba aphezulu e-RNA, i-Lower Cell Counts
Kulo cwaningo, abaphandi bahlola ama-349 (ama-276 okanye ama-79 ekhulwini ngamadoda; ama-73 okanye ama-21 ekhulwini amabhinqa) abantu abanesifo sengculaza abaneengxaki zeengxaki zotywala. I-HAART isebenzisa kwinyanga edlulileyo izimisele; njengoko kwakunokusetyenziswa kotywala, kwaye emva koko kunqunywe njengento, i-moderation, okanye inobungozi. Ukongezelela, ukumbalwa kweempawu ezimbini zesifo se-HIV kwahlolwa: i-CD4 cell counts, kunye ne-HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA).
Uphononongo lufumene ukuba phakathi kwezigulane ezinegciwane lesandulela-ngculazi ezineembali zeengxaki zotywala kunye nabaye baphathwa nge-HAART, abo basebenzisa ixabiso elincinci okanye eliphantsi kotywala belinqanaba eliphezulu le-HIV kunye ne-CD4 cell counts, xa kuthelekiswa nabangenayo ukusela. Akukho mvelaphi ephawulekayo efunyenwe kumanqanaba e-HIV RNA okanye ii-CD4 zesalathisi kwizifo ezigciwane lesandulela-ngculazi ezazidla utywala kodwa zazingekho kwi-antiretroviral therapy.
Utywala, i-HIV kunye neNgcaciso yesisu
Ezinye izifundo ziqinisekisile ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala ngabantu abane-HIV kunokunyusa i-immune system. Olunye uphando lufumene uxhulumano olucacileyo phakathi kokusela utywala, i-HIV kunye ne-immune disysction in the tractinal tract where utywala uwonakalisa umbane we-mucosal wamathumbu.
Lo monakalo ungakhokelela ekuvukeleni, umonakalo wokukhazamiseka, kunye nokuvuza kwe-bacterial, okubonakala ukuba kubonakala ukuqinisa i-HIV emzimbeni, abaphandi bakholelwa. Kuyafana nokuchaphazeleka kotywala kumathambo amaninzi emzimbeni - emathunjini, umzila wesini, kunye nemiphunga.
Utywala lwefuthe kulezo zicubu zingabangela ukudala indawo engadlukisayo ukunyuka kwezifo kunye nokwandisa umngcipheko wokutshatyalaliswa kwegciwane.
Imithombo:
Bagby, GJ, et al. "Utywala kunye nefuthe leNtsholongwane kaGawulayo kwiNkqubo yoMzimba." Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye noPhando luka-2015
Molina, PE, et al. "Gxininisa kuTywala kunye neSistim seNtsholongwane." I-NIAAA: Utywala kunye neMpilo
Samet, JH, et al. "Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye neengculaza Ukunyuka: Ngaba baxhamle?" Utywala: Uphando lwezonyango kunye noPhando ngo- Meyi 2003