Ama-31 asetyenziso lwezobisi zikhoyo ukufumana unyango lwe-HIV
Izidakamizwa ze-antiretroviral zihlelwe kwiiklasi ezintlanu ezisekelwe kwisigaba somjikelezo wobomi be-HIV. Namhlanje, kukho ama-agent angama-27 (abizwa ngokuba yi-molecules) kunye ne-12 edibeneyo edibeneyo (FDC) enezidumbu ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Iintlobo zee-FDC, eqinisweni, zingasetyenziswa njengepilisi enye, unyango lwangomhla, ukuqinisekisa ukunyanzeliswa konyango olukhulu kunye nokulula.
Ulwaphulo lwe-antiretroviral lusetyenziswa ngokusetyenziswa kwezilwanyana ezintathu zezilwanyana zezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo, isicwangciso esaziwa ngokuba yi- HAART (unyango oluchithwe kakhulu lwe-antiretroviral). Ukususela kokusungulwa kwayo ngo-1996, i-HAART iguqukile kakhulu kwaye namhlanje inika imiphumo emibini kunye nefuthe elingakumbi kunonyango ngaphambili.
Enyanisweni, unyango olusisigxina lwezonyango luya kuba lixesha elidlulileyo kunye neyeza ezimbini zonyango ezinjengeJuliuca (dolutegravir + rilpivirine) ngoku avunyelwe ukusetyenziswa njengento epheleleyo, yonke inye unyango lwe-HIV.
NgoFebruwari 7, ngo-2018, i-molecule ye-HIV yonyango entsha, i-bictegravir, yavunywa ukuba isebenziswe yi-US Food and Drug Administration njengomdla we-FDC, i-Biktarvy.
| Iqela leziyobisi | Igama lebrand | Igama loGeneric | UkuDala kwabantu abadala | Amanqaku okutya |
| Inhibitors yokungena | Fuzeon | i-enfuvirtide, i-T-20 | 90mg (1 mL) ijojowe kabini imihla ngemihla | Akukho |
| Selzentry, uCelsentri | maraviroc | I-150mg ithebhulethi kabini imihla ngemihla, enye i-300mg ithebhulethi kabini imihla ngemihla, okanye ezimbini iiphilisi ezingama-300mg imihla ngemihla, kuxhomekeka kwiirmim | Akukho | |
| I-Pharmacokinetic Enhancers (i-HIV ye-Drug Boosters) | Norvir | ritonavir | I-protease inhibitor, i-protease inhibitor, i-Norvir isetyenziselwa ukuba "ikhulise" amanqanaba eziyobisi ze-serum zamanye ama-protease inhibitors (i-PIs); Abalawuli kufuneka badibanise nolwazi olupheleleyo xa belawulwa ngokubambisana ne-PIs | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya |
| Tybost | cobicistat | 150mg kuthathwa kanye ngosuku; i-CYP3A inhibitor, i-Tybost isetyenziselwa "ukukhulisa" amanqanaba emichiza e-serum yeqela leprotease inhibitors (i-PIs) | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Integrase Inhibitors | Isentress | raltegravir | Elinye i-tablet 400mg ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya |
| Tivicay | dolutegravir | I-tablet ye-50mg imihla ngemihla yezigulane ezingaphendulwanga; enye i-50mg ithebhulethi kabini imihla ngemihla kwizigulane ezinezonyango ezinokuchasene ne-Isentress | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Vitekta | elvitegravir | 85mg okanye 150mg ithebhulethi ithathwe kanye okanye kabini imihla ngemihla, kunye no-Norvir kunye nezinye i-protease inhibitor; bhe kisela kwiteksi yokufaka i- dosing yeeraythi ezithile | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| I-Nucleoside kunye neNucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (i-NRTIs / i-NtRTI) | Emtriva | emtricitabine | Elinye i-tablet 100mg ithathwa kanye ngosuku, okanye enye i-tablet 150mg ithathwe kabini imihla ngemihla | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya |
| Epivir | lamivudine | Elinye i-tablet ye-300mg ithathwa kanye ngosuku, okanye enye i-tablet 150mg ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Retrovir | AZT, zidovudine | Elinye i-tablet 300mg ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla | Ukutya kunokunciphisa ukungazinzi kwesisu | |
| Videx EC | doanosine, ddI | Omnye u-400mg capsule uthathwa kanye ngosuku; okanye enye i-capsula engu-200mg ithathwe kanye ngosuku kwiigulane ezingaphantsi kwe-133 lbs (60kg) | Kuthatyathwa kwisisu esingenanto | |
| Viread | tenofovir | I-tablet ye-300mg ithathwa rhoqo ngosuku | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Zerit | stavudine | Omnye we-40mg capsule ezithathwa ngeyure eziyi-12 kwiigulane ezingama-133 lb (60kg) nangaphezulu; okanye i-capsula enye ye-30mg ethathwa ngeyure ezili-12 ukuya kwiigulane ezingaphantsi kwama-133 lbs (60kg) | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Ziagen | abacavir | Iipilisi ezimbini ze-300mg zithathwa kanye ngosuku, okanye enye i-300mg tablet ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| I-Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (i-NNRTIs) | Edurant | rilpivirine | Elinye i-tablet ye-25mg ithathwa kanye ngosuku | Kuthathwa ngesidlo |
| Intelence | etravirine | I-200mg tablet ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla | Kuthathwa ngesidlo | |
| Umbhali | delavirdine | Iipilisi ezimbini ze-200mg zithathwa kathathu imihla ngemihla | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Sustiva | efavirenz | Omnye umthamo we-600mg uthathwa kanye ngosuku | Cetyiswa ngesisu esingenalutho | |
| Viramune XR | nevirapine | Umthamo we-Virumune we-Virumune we-200mg ngeentsuku ezili-14 iintsuku ezili-14, enye i-tablet ye-100mg ye-Viramune XR imihla ngemihla | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Protease Inhibitors (i-PIs) | Aptivus | tipranavir | Iipilisi ezimbini ezingama-250mg ezithathwe nge-200mg ye-Norvir kabini imihla ngemihla | Eyona nto ithathwa ngokutya |
| Crixivan | indinavir | Iifomsi ezimbini ezi-400mg ezithathwe nge-100mg okanye 200mg i-Norvir kabini imihla ngemihla (ikhethiweyo), okanye iifommules ezimbini ezi-400mg ezithathiwe nganye iiyure eziyi-8 | NgamaNorvir, thabatha kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya; ngaphandle kweNorvir, thabatha isisu esingenalutho | |
| Invirase | saquinavir | Amacwecwe amabini ama-500mg athathwe nge-100mg ye-Norvir kabini imihla ngemihla | Eyona nto ithathwe ngokutya okanye kwiiyure ezimbini zokutya | |
| Kaletra | 200 mg lopinavir + 50mg Norvir (Qaphela - lopinavir ifumaneka nje njengenxalenye yeKaletra) | Amacwecwe amabini kabini imihla ngemihla; iipilisi ezine emva kwemihla eyamkelekileyo kwizigulane ezingapheliyo okanye izigulane ezinezitshintsho ezingaphantsi kwe-3 ezinxulumene nokumelana ne-lopinavir | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Lexiva, Telzir | fosamprenavir | Amacwecwe amabini ama-700mg athathwe kabini imihla ngemihla; okanye iipilisi ezi-700mg ezithathwe nge-100mg 100mg i-Norvir kanye imihla ngemihla; okanye enye i-tablet ye-700mg ithathwe nge-100mg ye-Norvir kabini imihla ngemihla kwizigulane ezingekho phantsi kwe-PI | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Prezista | darunavir | Ithebulethi enye ye-800mg (okanye iipilisi ezi-400mg) ezithathwe nge-100mg ye-Norvir enye imihla ngemihla; okanye enye i-tablet 600mg ethathwa nge-100mg ye-Norvir kabini imihla ngemihla kwizigulane ezinamazinga awaziwayo okuxhatshazwa | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Reyataz | atazanavir | Iifomsi ezimbini ze-200mg zithathwe kanye ngosuku, okanye enye i-300mg (okanye i-150mg) iifomsules ezithathwe nge-100mg ye-Norvir kanye | Kuthathwa ngokutya okulula | |
| Viracept | nelfinavir | Iipilisi ezimbini ezi-625mg zithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla, okanye iipilisi eziyi-250mg zithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla, okanye iipilisi eziyi-250mg zithathwa kathathu ngosuku | Kuthatyathwa ngesidlo okanye ukutya okulula | |
| I-Integrated Dose Combination (FDC) Iziyobisi | Combivir | 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Elinye ipilisi ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla | Ukutya kunokunciphisa ukungazinzi kwesisu |
| Epzicom | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa kanye ngosuku | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| UVotaz | 300mg Reyataz + 150mg Tybost | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa kanye ngosuku | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Prezcobix | 800mg Prezista + 150mg Tybost | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa kanye ngosuku | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Truvada | 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa kanye ngosuku | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Inhlanganisela ye-All-in-One Fixed Dose (FDC) | Atripla | 600mg Umxhasi + 300mg UViread + 200mg Emtriva | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa rhoqo ngosuku; ayikho enye i-antiretroviral ejenti efunekayo | Eyona nto iphezulu kwisisu esingenanto |
| Biktarvy | 50mg bictegravir + 200mg Viread + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa rhoqo ngosuku; ayikho enye i-antiretroviral ejenti efunekayo | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Complera | 25mg U-Edurant + 300mg I-Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa rhoqo ngosuku; ayikho enye i-antiretroviral ejenti efunekayo | Eyona nto ithathwa ngokutya | |
| Genvoya | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg iTybost + 10mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa rhoqo ngosuku; ayikho enye i-antiretroviral ejenti efunekayoW | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Juluca | 50mg iTivicay + 25mg Ehleliweyo | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa kanye ngosuku | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Odefsey | 25mg I-Edurant + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa rhoqo ngosuku; ayikho enye i-antiretroviral ejenti efunekayo | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Stribild | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg iTybost + 300mg iViread + 200mg Emtriva | Elinye ithebhulethi ithathwa rhoqo ngosuku; ayikho enye i-antiretroviral ejenti efunekayo | Kuthathwa ngokutya | |
| Triumeq | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir + 50mg Tivicay | Elinye ipilisi rhoqo ngosuku; ayikho enye i-antiretroviral ejenti efunekayo | Kuthathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya | |
| Trizivir | 300mg Ziagen + 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Elinye ipilisi ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla; inokumiselwa yodwa okanye idibanisene nezinye i-antiretroviral agents | Eyona nto ithathwa ngokutya |
Umthombo:
> Isebe lezeMpilo laseMzantsi Afrika kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu. "Imishanguzo ye-HIV yemvume ye -FDA-approved" AIDSInfo. EWashington, DC; hlaziywa ngoFebhuwari 28, 2018.