I-Isentress (ratelgravir) yi- integrase inhibitor -i-class antiretroviral usetyenziso ekwenzeni unyango lwe- HIV . Isentress yinto yokuqala ye-integrase inhibitor yokuvunyelwa yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Ngo-Oktobha 2007, bekuvunyelwe ukuba kusetyenziswe abantu abadala abachasene nezinye izidakamizwa ze-antiretroviral . Kodwa ngoJulayi 2009, kwaye emva koko ngoDisemba ka-2011, i-FDA yandise isibonakaliso sayo, ivumela ukuba kusetyenziswe kubo bonke abantu abadala abane-HIV, kunye nabantwana abaneminyaka engama-2-18.
I-Isentress iphakathi kweziyobisi ezicetyiswayo njengendlela yokhetho lokuqala lokukhetha unyango lwe-HIV kwi-US
Ifom
I-Isentress ifumaneka kwiimimiselo ezine ezahlukeneyo:
- Kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abadala, i-Isentress ifumaneka njenge-tablet ye-400mg yecwecwe ephihliweyo, ifom e-shape kunye ne-pink-orange. Inombolo "207" ifakwe emacaleni kwelinye icala.
- Kuba abantwana abakwazi ukuthatha amacwecwe, i-Isentress ifumaneka njengokuba i-100mg ebonakalayo (i-oval, beige, embossed kwelinye icala "477," ifunyenwe ukuhlukana) okanye i-25mg ebonakalayo (ephuzi ephuzi, ejikelezileyo, ejikelezileyo ngezantsi "nge 473 "). Zomibini zi-orange-bananas.
- Kuba abantwana abancinci abakwazi ukuthatha i-chewable, i-Isentress ifumaneka kwipakethi eyodwa, ukumiswa komlomo kwangama-100mg. Ukumiswa komlomo kuxutywe kunye ne-5mL yamanzi kwaye ilawulwa ngesirinji somlomo. Emva kokuxutywa, ukulungiswa komlomo kufanele kusetyenziswe ingakapheli imizuzu engama-30, kwaye nayiphi na enye iseleyo ilahlekelwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukumiswa kwebhanana kuluhlaza.
Ungalokothi utshintshe i-Isentress i-chewables okanye i-suspension yomlomo kwiipilisi zamacwecwe e-Isentress njengoko iifomati zingenayo i-bioequivalent. Sebenzisa kuphela njengoko kuboniswe (jonga iziganeko ezingezantsi).
Imilinganiselo
I-Isentress 400mg, iipilisi ezifakwe kwifilimu kufuneka zimiselwe abadala kunye nabantwana abakhulileyo abanako ukugwinya amaphilisi, ngale ndlela:
- Abadala: i-tablet 400mg, ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla
- Kubantwana okanye abantwana abaselula (25kg) okanye ngaphezulu: i-tablet 400mg, ithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla
Iipilisi ezi-chestable e-Isentress kufuneka zimiselwe kubantwana obunemitha engama-44 (20kg) okanye ngaphezulu abangakwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi, ngale ndlela:
- Iimitha ezili-44 (20kg) ukuya ngaphantsi kwamakhilogremu angama-62 (28kg): 150mg kabini imihla ngemihla
- Amakhilogremu angama-62 (28kg) ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-pounds angama-88 (40kg): 200mg kabini imihla ngemihla
- Iipremu ezingama-88 (40kg): 300mg kabini imihla ngemihla
Ukumiswa komlomo we-Isentress okanye iipilisi ezichithwayo kufuneka zimiselwe kubantwana abanesisindo esingama-6,5 (3kg) ukuya kuma-pounds angama-55 (25kg), ngale ndlela:
- 6.5 iipounds (3kg) ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-8.8 i-4kg: i-1mL (20mg) ilungiselelwe ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwa kabini imihla ngemihla
- 8.8 iipounds (4kg) ukuya ngaphantsi kwama-13kounds (6kg): 1.5mL (30mg) walungiselela ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwa kabini imihla ngemihla
- Iimitha ezili-6 (6kg) ukuya ngaphantsi kwezigidi ezili-17 (8kg): i-2mL (40mg) ilungiselelwe ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwa kabini imihla ngemihla
- Iimitha ezili-17 (8kg) ukuya kuma-pounds angama-24 (11kg): i-3mL (60mg) yalungiselela ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwa kabini imihla ngemihla
- Iimitha ezili-11 (11kg) ukuya kuma-pounds angama-30 (14kg): i-4mL (80kg) ilungiselelwe ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwa kabini imihla ngemihla okanye i- 75mg iipilisi ezichithwayo zithathwa kabini imihla ngemihla
- Iimitha ezili-14 (14kg) ukuya ngaphantsi kwamakhilogremu angama-44 (20kg): 5mL (100kg) ilungiselelwe ukumiswa komlomo kuthathwa kabini imihla ngemihla okanye i- 100mg iipilisi ezichithwa ngokuphindwe kabini imihla ngemihla
Ulawulo Lweziyobisi
Isentress ingathathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya. I-Isentress ayikwazi ukuthathwa yedwa kwaye kufuneka imiselwe njengenxalenye yonyango lwe-antiretroviral (ipirati) .
Iziphumo eziPhakathi
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo (ezivela kwi-2% okanye ngaphantsi kwamatyala) zi:
- Ukungabikho
- Intloko
- Utywala
- I sizathu
- Ukukhathala
Ukungqinelana
Akukho
Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi
Kucelwa ucebise ugqirha wakho ukuba uthatha nawaphi na a mayeza alandelayo njengoko engakunyanzelwanga ekuphathweni ngokubambisana ne-Isentress kwaye inokuphazamisa ukufumaneka kweziyobisi:
- I-Rifampin-based antibiotics: Rifadan, Rifater, Rifamate, Rimactane
- I-aluminium okanye i-magnesium-based antiacids (umz., I-Tums, iMilk Magnesia, njl.)
Ukuqwalasela
Izigulane ezithintekayo emva kokuqala i-Isentress maziqhagamshelane nodokotela ngokukhawuleza. Unyango kufuneka ugqitywe kwaye unyango lwezokwelapha lufunwa ukuba i-rash ihamba kunye neentlungu, umsizi okanye intlungu ehlanganyelweyo, i-blisters okanye izilonda, ubomvu okanye ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, ukuvuvukala ubuso okanye umlomo, okanye iingxaki zokuphefumla. Izigulane eziye zafumana ukuphendulwa kwe-hypersensitive kwi-Isentress akufanele ziphinde ziphendulelwe kunye neziyobisi emva kokusombulula iimpawu.
Izifundo zezilwanyana azibonanga ukukhubazeka kokubeleka okanye ukukhulelwa kokubeleka ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwiigundane okanye onogwaja abonakaliswe kwi-Isentress. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo ye-Isentress kwiintsana ezinamancinci ayikabikwa, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ukuncelisa unceliso alucebisi ukuba oomama bathathe i-Isentress.
Imithombo:
ISebe lezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu (DHHS). "Izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kwee-Antiretroviral Agents kwi-HIV-1-abadala nabachaphazelekayo." Rockville, Maryland.
FDA. "I-FDA Yandisa Ukusetyenziswa Kwe-HIV Isentress kwaBantwana kunye ne-Adolescents." Silver Spring, eMaryn; Disemba 21, 2011.
Reuters. "UPDATE 2-FDA OKs Ukusetyenziswa Okubanzi kwe-Merck's Isentress yeHIV." Julayi 9, 2009.
US Administration and Drug Administration (FDA). Iphakheji yokuVunywa kweMithi - Igama leMilo: i-Isentress (ratelgravir) i-400mg Tablets. " Silver Spring, eMaryn; Oktobha 12, 2007.