Unyango lomhlaza wesontya unokwahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nesigaba somhlaza. Unyango uquka ukuhlinzwa ukususa i-testis yomhlaza, enokulandelwa yi- chemotherapy , unyango lwe-radiation okanye utyando oluthe gqithwayo ukususa i-lymph nodes.
Yintoni eyenzeka emva kokuPhathwa kweNtsholongwane yeMhlaza
Emva kokuba unyango lugqityiwe, ukulandelelwa ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ukutyelela iofisi kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kunye nokucinga.
Injongo ephambili yokulandelelana kukufumanisa nayiphi na imbuyiselo yomhlaza. Nangona umhlaza wesifo usenokunyanga nakwizinga eliphambili, umphumo unokuba ngcono xa umhlaza ungaphelelanga.
Injongo yesibini yokulandelelana kukujongana nayiphi na imiba okanye iingxaki ezinokuthi zivele ngenxa yonyango. Ezi zingabandakanya iingxaki ezivela kwi-chemotherapy, ezinjengeengxaki zeemiphunga, ukulimala kwamantomba ezandleni kunye neenyawo okanye iingxaki zeengtso. Kukho iingxaki zokungabikho kwempilo ngenxa yonyango olufuna ukucebisa, ukuhanjiswa okanye ezinye iindlela zokungenelela.
Ukuphononongwa kweeNkqubo kunye noPhando lweMvelo
Ngethuba lokutyelela iofisi, imibuzo ethile ibuzwa ilandelwa ukuhlolwa komzimba. Zombini zijoliswe ekuboneni naziphi iimpawu okanye iimpawu ezingabonisa ukuphindaphinda komhlaza.
- Ukuphononongwa kweeNkqubo: Ukuhlaziywa kwezixhobo yinkqubo yokubuza imibuzo ethile ukuvavanya iinkqubo ezithile zomzimba kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nomhlaza okanye unyango lwawo. Le mibuzo ihlelwe ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho nawuphi na uphawu olutsha okanye oluqhubekayo olungaba ngumqondiso wesifo somhlaza. Ngokomzekelo, iintlungu ezisezantsi ziba ngumqondiso wokuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiqela leendawo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-retroperitoneal lymph nodes, ngoko unokucelwa ukuba unentlungu engaphantsi. Umhlaza wesantya ungasasazeka kwimipopho eyenza ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula okufutshane, ngoko unokubuza malunga nale mpawu. Iminye imibuzo emininzi ingacelwa kwakhona, kodwa phantse zonke zijoliswe ekufuneni ubungqina bomhlaza okanye iingxaki ezinyango.
- Uvavanyo loMzimba: Uvavanyo loqobo lujoliswe ekujongeni ubungqina bomhlaza. Iinkqubo ezininzi kunye neendawo zihlolisiswa. Isisu sisenziwa ngokuhlolwa (ukucatshulwa nokuvakalelwa ngeminwe). Ukuba ii-lymph node zetroperitoneal ziyakwandiswa ngokwaneleyo, zinokuthi zive ngathi zininzi zesisu. Imiphunga ihlolwa ngokuphulaphula i-stethoscope ingqalelo naluphi na uhlobo olungabonakaliyo olunokubonisa ukubandakanywa kwemiphunga ngomhlaza. I-testis esele iyalwe. Oku kwenziwa ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuba isiqhelo sesibini somhlaza wesondlo siqhelekile kumntu osele wayenomhlaza womhlaza. Ezinye iindawo zovavanyo lwangaphakathi zingaquka ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezifana nokuhlola amanye amaqela e-lymph node nokuphula intliziyo.
Uvavanyo lweLebhu
Ukongezelela kokuhlaziywa kweenkqubo kunye nokuhlolwa komzimba, ukuvavanya eofisi kuqukwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo uchungechunge lwegazi. Iimvavanyo zegazi zenziwa ngokukodwa ukuba zikhangele ezinye iimpawu zokuhlambalaza ezinokuthi ziphakanyiswe ukuba umhlaza usaphila kwenye indawo njengemilenze yamaphaphu okanye amaphaphu. Iimvavanyo zegazi zingenziwa kwakhona ukuvavanya iingxaki ezinyango ezifana ne-chemotherapy. Ezi zi novavanyo lwegazi ukuvavanya isifo okanye umnkantso umsebenzi, onokuchaphazeleka yi-chemotherapy kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo kunye nexesha.
UkuCatshulwa
Ingaba inxalenye ecacileyo yenkathalo yokulandelelana kukusebenza kwezifundo ezithile zokucinga. Uhlobo lwesifundo kunye nexesha elixhomekeke kwinqanaba kunye nokonyango lomhlaza. Esinye sezifundo eziqhelekileyo zengcamango i-x-ray yesifuba. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba kukho umhlaza emiphakeni. Ukuba umhlaza wawusemaphakameni ngaphambili kwaye unyangwa nge-chemotherapy okanye ukuba kukho iimpawu ze-pulmonary ezibuhlungu, ngokuqhelekileyo i-CT scan iya kwenziwa endaweni ye-x-ray. Iimvavanyo ze-CT zinomnqophiso omkhulu kwaye zithandeka, kodwa zenza iindleko ezingaphezulu kwaye zibandakanya umbane ophezulu ngakumbi kune-x-ray. Iimvavanyo ze-CT zivame ukuqhutyelwa kwisisu nangentsimbi ukuze ubhekane ngqo nokubandakanyeka komdlavuza we-lymph nodes.
Ukuphindaphinda kunye nexesha lovavanyo lokuLandela
Kufuneka kaninzi kangakanani na ukuvavanywa kokulandelelwana ixesha elide kwisigqibo ekugqibeleni senzeke phakathi kwesigulane kunye nabaqeqeshi bakhe bomhlaza. Izikhokelo ezivela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zicetyiswa ukuba zihambele zonke iinyanga ezi-3-12 ubuncinane iminyaka emi-5. Zingaphi kwaye zininzi iindlela ze-CT kunye ne-x-ray ezenziwayo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba, uhlobo, kunye nonyango lomhlaza wengqina. Inani leemvavanyo ze-CT ngokuqhelekileyo liqala ukusuka kwi-2-10 kwiminyaka emi-5 yokuqala emva kokonyango.