Ukukhathazeka ngeempembelelo ezide zangexesha elide lolwaphulo lwe-radiation luya kuba luqhelekileyo, njengokuba izinga lokusinda liphucula. Njengokuba kunokuba nemiphumo emibi yexesha elide ye-chemotherapy , unyango lwamayeza lungabangela imiphumo emibi engase iqale kwaye ihlale ide emva kokuba unyango lugqityiwe. Ewe, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba izibonelelo zonyango zidla kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umngcipheko.
Kutheni i-Radiation Treatment Inokubangela Imiphumo Yangexesha elide
Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation lusebenza ngokulimaza i-DNA kwiiseli. Ngelishwa, lo monakalo awuxhomeke kumhlaza weeseli kuphela, kwaye iiseli eziqhelekileyo zingonakaliswa ngokunjalo.
Izinto ezichaphazela ingozi yeempembelelo ezizayo
Utshintsho oluninzi luyakwandisa okanye luyeke umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa iziphumo ezide zexesha elide le-radiotherapy. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Ubudala bakho ngexesha leemitha.
- Umthamo weemisebe osifumanayo.
- Inani leeseshoni zonyango.
- Uhlobo lomhlaza ophathwayo.
- Ummandla womzimba ofumana i-radiation.
- Olunye unyango lomhlaza, olunjenge-chemotherapy.
- Ezinye izimo zempilo, ezifana nesifo senhliziyo okanye isifo sikashukela.
Iimiphumo zangexesha elide ezinokwenzeka
Ezi zilandelayo ziyimiphumo emibi yexesha elide lokunyanga kwamayeza. Kubalulekile ukubonisa ukuba unyango lwe-radiation luphucule kwiminyaka yamuva nje; Kufika ixesha elide ekubeni luqaliswe ukunyanga umdlavuza ngo-1903.
Ngeendlela ezichanekileyo zokulandelelana kunye neendlela ezintsha zokuhanjiswa, izifundo ezindala zingasondeza ingozi. Ngelo xesha, njengoko abantu baphila ixesha elide kunye nomhlaza, i-long-term effects of radiation iya kuba ibaluleke kakhulu. Kulinganiselwa ukuba ama-50 ekhulwini abantu abaxilongwa ngomhlaza baya kufumana unyango lwe-radiation.
Akuyena wonke umntu oza kuba neempembelelo zexesha elide emva kokunyangwa kwamayeza. Abantu abaninzi baya kubona ubomvu babo kunye nokukhathala ngexesha lokunyanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ingozi ekhoyo, njengentliziyo yesifo, ukuze ube nesigulane esinamandla , kodwa kubalulekile ukusho kwakhona ukuba iinzuzo zonyango ziza kuba zikhulu kakhulu kwiingozi ezingapheliyo.
I-Radiation-Yenza i-Hypothyroidism
I-Hypothyroidism ingenye yeziphumo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwe-radiation xa unyango lwamayeza luquka intamo, intloko nesifuba.
Radiation Fibrosis Syndrome
I-radiation fibrosis inokucingwa ngokulula nje ngokulahlekelwa koxinzelelo kwiishuva emva kweemisebe, ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa ngokusisigxina. Uninzi lweziphumo ezingezantsi zibangelwa yi-fibrosis ezinokuthi zenzeke phantse nayiphina indawo yomzimba.
I-Radiation-Impuced Pulmonary Fibrosis
I-fung fibrosis yinto enobunzima obungapheliyo yemiphunga engabangela ukuphuma kwe- radiation pneumonitis . I-radiation pneumonitis ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga eqhubekayo emva kweenyanga ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-6 emva kokuzalisa unyango lwe-radiation kwisifuba kwaye kwenzeka ngo-4 wesine abantu abaphathwa ngemisebe yomhlaza wemiphunga. Ekubeni iimpawu ziyakwazi ukulinganisa iimpawu ngenxa yomhlaza, okanye imiphunga ye-pneumonia, kubalulekile ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha zokuphefumula.
Iintsholongwane Zentliziyo Ezihlobene Nezobisi Zonyango
Isifo senhliziyo sibaluleke kakhulu kwaye asiqhelekanga kwimizuzu emide yempembelelo yonyango. Ngokomzekelo, kwizigulane ezineesifo sikaHodgkin esifumana unyango lwe-radiation (kungekhona nje ngoku ngokuqhelekileyo), isizathu esibangela ukufa kukuba sisifo senhliziyo, kungekhona umhlaza. Abo basemngciphekweni kubandakanya abantu abane-radiation esifubeni, kubandakanywa i-radiation elandela imastectomy kwisifo somhlaza wesifuba esisekhohlo.
Izaziso zingathintela intliziyo ngezindlela ezahlukeneyo ezibangela ukuba:
- Izifo zesifo se- Coronary - I- Coronary artery isifo esibangelwa yi-atherosclerosis ingaba yimpembelelo yecala.
- I-Valvular isifo senhliziyo - Ukuphuphuma kwemitha kungabangela ukulimala kwintliziyo yamagatya .
- Izimo ze-Pericardial ezifana ne- pericardial effusions (ukwakheka kwe-fluid phakathi kweetyhubhu zomzimba ezifake intliziyo) kunye ne -pericarditis engqongqo .
- I-Cardiomyopathy - I- cardiomyopathy , ukunyanzeliswa kweentliziyo zentliziyo, ingakumbi xa zidibaniswa nezinye izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Adriamycin (doxorubicin.)
- Iimpawu zentliziyo engavamile (i- arrhythmias ).
Ezi zimpawu zingenakubonakala iminyaka okanye emashumi emva kokugqitywa kwonyango lwe-radiation, ngoko kubalulekile ukuvumela ugqirha ukuba wazi ukuba unentlungu yesifuba okanye ezinye iimpawu ezibonisa isifo senhliziyo.
Ngombulelo, iindlela ezintsha zokuphefumula (ukuphefumula okulawulwayo okujoliswe ekunciphiseni ukuvezwa kweentliziyo kwimimitha) kuya kuba khona, oku kunokunciphisa ingozi yale nkcenkceshela.
Cancer
Siye safunda kwi-bhomu ye-bhomu i-atomic ukuba i-radiation ingabangela umdlavuza, kwaye amanani emisebe enikezelwa ngamanyango omhlaza angabangela ingozi.
I-Cancers ehlobene neGazi - Iidumbu ezinxulumene negazi ezinjenge -leukemia (i-AML) enesifo esibi kakhulu, i- CML), kunye ne- acute lymphocytic leukemia (ZONKE) ziyimpembelelo engavumelekanga yonyango lwe-radiation, ngokuqhelekileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo ukusuka emisebeni yeHodgkin isifo okanye umdlavuza webele. Umngcipheko wee-5 ukuya kwi-9 kwiminyaka emva kokuba unyango lwamayeza lugqityiwe. I-radiation ingaphazamisa umongo weethambo obangelwa kwi- myelodysplastic syndromes , izifo zentsipho yomnxeba, ezinokuthi zenze i-leukemia.
Izidumbu eziqinileyo - Ukunyanga kwamayeza kunokwandisa umngcipheko wezondo eziqinileyo, ingakumbi umdlavuza we-thyroid kunye nomhlaza wesifuba. Ngokungafani ne-cancer ehlobene negazi, umngcipheko uphezulu kwiminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwe-15 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokuba unyango lugqityiwe.
Ukukhathazeka ngengqondo
Ukunyanga kwamayeza, ikakhulukazi umbane ukuya kwingqondo, kwisiseko segazi, nasentanyeni kunokubangela iingxaki ezinengqiqo ezifana nokulahleka kwememori kunye nobunzima bokugxila.
Ukuxhalabisa ngeMisculoskeletal
I-Osteoporosis / i-Fractures - I-radiation ingabangela ukuba buthathaka kwamathambo, i-osteoporosis kunye ne- osteonecrosis . Ngokomzekelo, ukukhanya kwemitha kwisifuba kungabangela ukuba izibambo ziphule ngokulula.
Imisipha / amajoyina / amathambo / iigaments - I-radiation inokuchaphazela izihlunu kunye nezakhiwo ezixhasayo ze-musculoskeal system ezibangelwa ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, intlungu, kunye ne-numbness.
Iimpawu ezinobumba - Ubumnyama obungapheliyo kwesikhumba, i-telangiectasias I-radiation ingabangela ukuba i- lymphedema , ukuvuvukala okwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwimizila ye-lymph, umzekelo, ukuvuvukala kwengalo kubonwa ngabasetyhini abathile abanomdlavuza webele.
Umlomo ococekileyo / Amehlo anomileyo / iiCataracts / Ukubola kwamazinyo
Ukulimala kwiingqungquthela eziqhekezayo kunye nokuqhawula amathanga ukusuka kwimizila emzimbeni ukuya entanyeni nasentanyeni yommandla kunokubangela ukuba umlomo omile unomphela okanye amehlo omeleyo.
Isilwanyana / Isisu kunye noxinzelelo lwezesondo / ukungenzi lutho
Izaphulo kwiindawo zesisu kunye neentlavi ziyakuchukumisa i-bladder, i-colon, kunye neenxalenye ze-pelvic ezikhokelela ekungenanto kunye nokungabikho.
Indlela yokunciphisa ingozi yakho
- Musa ukubhema - Ukutshaya kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza wamaphaphu emva kwemitha yesifuba.
- Xoxa nodokotela wakho malunga naziphi na iimpawu zokuphefumula ezinokuthi zibonise i-radiation pneumonitis (jonga ngasentla.)
- Buza malunga nezilingo zamachiza ezenzelwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko weempembelelo ezidlulileyo zemitha.
- Ukuba uya kuba nesibindi somlilo, cela ukuba ukuphefumula kuyatholakala.
- Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nonyango xa ukunyakaza kwakho kugcinwe. Iyeza lonyango alinakukurhoxisa umzimba wakho unqabile kodwa unokuphucula ukuguquguquka nokuhamba.
Ngelixa elizayo
Ucwaningo lwezonyango luqhubeka lujonga iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko weempembelelo zonyango lwe-radiation, ezininzi ezineziphumo ezithembisayo.
> Imithombo:
> Filopei, J., noWow Frishman. Isifo senhliziyo esishukumisayo. I-Cardiology ekuhlaziyweni . 2012. 20 (4): 184-8.
> Krasin, M., Constine, L., Friedman, D., kunye neL. Marks. Iimpembelelo zonyango ezinxulumene neerhasi ngaphantsi kweembali zeminyaka: ukungafani kunye nokufana okanye oko abadala nabaselula abakwazi ukufundana. Iisemina kwi-Radiation Oncology . 2010. 20 (1): 21-9.
> INational Cancer Institute. Iingxaki zomlomo zeKhemotherapy kunye neNtloko / Imisindo yomlilo. INgxelo yezobuGcisa. Ukuhlaziywa 01/04/16. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/mouth-throat/oral-complications-hp-pdq#section/all
> Stubblefield, M. Radiation fibrosis syndrome: iingxaki ze-neuromuscular kunye ne-musculoskeletal kwi-survivors of cancer. PM & R. 2011. 3 (11): 1041-54.
> Yusuf, S., Sami, S., no-I. Daher. Isifo Sengqondo-Isiphumo Sengqondo: I-Update Clinic. Uphando lweCardiology kunye nokuSebenza . 2011. 317659.