I-Pericarditis ibhekisela ekuvukisweni kweNhliziyo yokuLinisa
I-Pericarditis yimeko apho i-pericardium (isikhwama esikhuselekileyo esikhusela intliziyo), sitshisa. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuvuvukala kunobumnene kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, i-pericarditis ingakhokelela kwisifo esibi kwaye mhlawumbi kube nomonakalo we-cardiac.
Yintoni eyenza iPericarditis?
I-Pericarditis ingabangelwa yimimiselo yeemeko, kubandakanya ukusuleleka, ukuhlaselwa kwintliziyo , ukuphazamiseka komzimba , isifo somfuba , umhlaza, ukuhluleka kwezintso , okanye iziyobisi.
Izifo ezinokuvelisa i-pericarditis ziquka izifo zentsholongwane, ukusuleleka kubakteria, isifo sesifo sofuba kunye nokusuleleka kwezifo . Abantu abane- HIV / AIDS bahlala behlakulele izifo ezenza i-pericarditis.
Izifo ezizenzekelayo ngokuzenzekelayo ezingabangela i-pericarditis ziquka i- rheumatoid arthritis , lupus , kunye ne- scleroderma .
I-Pericarditis ivela kwi-15% yezigulane ezinokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo. Kukho uhlobo lokugqibela lwe-pericarditis yokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi- Dressler's syndrome , eyenzeka ngeveki ukuya kwiinyanga emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.
Ezinye zezilwanyana ezinokuvelisa i-pericarditis ziquka i-procainamide, i-hydralazine, i-phenytoin, kunye ne-isoniazid.
Zininzi iintlobo zesifo somhlaza zingasasazeka (ukusasazeka) kwi-pericardium, kwaye zivelise i-pericarditis.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, akukho sizathu esicacileyo se-pericarditis esingaziwa - oku kuthiwa "idiopathic" nge-pericarditis.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezidibene nePericarditis?
Uphawu oluqhelekileyo olubangelwa yi-pericarditis yintlungu yesifuba .
Intlungu ingaba nzima, kwaye idla ngokugqithiseleyo ngokutshintsha isikhundla okanye ngokuthatha umoya ophefumlelweyo.
Abantu abane-pericarditis nabo bangahlakulela i-dyspnea (ukuphefumula okufutshane) kunye nomkhuhlane.
I-Pericarditis ichongwa njani?
Oogqirha banokukwazi ukuxilonga i-pericarditis ngokuthatha imbali yonyango ngokucophelela, ukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, nokwenza i- electrocardiogram (ebonisa utshintsho oluthile).
Ngamanye amaxesha i- echocardiogram ingaba luncedo ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke ngePericarditis?
Nangona i-pericarditis isoloko isombulula kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iiveki ezimbalwa, iingxaki ezintathu zenzeka. Le yintliziyo ye-tamponade , i-pericarditis engapheliyo, okanye i-pericarditis engqongqo.
I-tamponade iyenzeka xa umbane oqokelelwa kwisigxobo se-pericardial (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- pericardial effusion ) iyinqanda intliziyo ukuba izalise ngokupheleleyo. Xa oko kwenzeka, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyancipha kwaye imiphunga ibe yintlambo, ngokuqhelekileyo iholele ekuthathaka, ukuxakeka , ukuxhamla , kunye ne-dyspnea eyingozi. Ngaphandle kolwaphulo olwaneleyo, i-tamponade ye-heart ingaba yingozi. Ukuxilongwa kwe-tamponade kwenziwa nge-echocardiogram.
Kuthiwa i-pericarditis engapheliyo xa i-inficmatic inflammation ingasombululi kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Inokuthi idibaniswe nazo zonke iimpawu ze-pericarditis ekhangayo, kwaye ukongezelela kudla ngokuhambelana kunye nemigudu ephezulu ye-pericardial effusions.
I-Constrictive pericarditis iyenzeka xa isigxobo esiqhekezayo esingapheliyo sigxininisa kwaye silahlekelwa ukunyaniseka kwayo, leyo (efana ne-tamponade) evimbela intliziyo ukuba izalise ngokupheleleyo. Iimpawu zifana ne-tamponade, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zinokuqala ngokuthe gqolo.
I-Pericarditis ithathwa njani?
Ulawulo lwe-pericarditis ejolise ekuboneni nasekuphatheni isizathu esiyintloko. Iimpawu ziyakuthi ziphuculwe kunye nezidakamizwa ezichasayo (ngokuqhelekileyo ezingekho-stteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha unyango lwe-steroid luyimfuneko), kunye nama-analgesics. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-pericarditis eziphambili zixazulule kwiiveki ezimbalwa kwaye zingashiyi iingxaki zengqondo ezisisigxina.
I-tamponade ye-cardiac iphathwa ngokukhupha umkhuhlane kwi-sac pericardial, ngokuqhelekileyo nge-catheter encinci. Ukususa umkhuhlane kukhupha uxinzelelo entliziyweni, kwaye ubuyisele umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wenhliziyo ngokukhawuleza.
I-pericarditis engapheli iyaphathwa ngokunyanga ngokugqithiseleyo imeko yokuvuvukala, kunye nokucima i-pericardial effusion ehlala ikhona.
Ukuba i-pericardial effusions iyaqhubeka iphinda iqhutywe, ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukwenza ukuvula ngonaphakade (i-window ebizwa ngokuba yi-pericardial window), evumela ukuba umkhuhlane uphephe kwi-sac ye-pericardial, oko kungavimbela i-tamponade.
I-Constrictive pericarditis ingaba yingxaki enzima yokwelapha. Iimpawu zingaphathwa ngekhefu lokuphumla, i-diuretics, kunye ne-digitalis, kodwa unyango oluchanekileyo ludinga ukutyunjwa ukuba lucwecwe i-pericardial lining away. Olu uphando luvame ukuba lukhulu kwaye lube nobungozi obukhulu.
ILizwi
I-Pericarditis isoloko iimeko ezizimeleyo ezazisombulula xa ingxaki yonyango iphathwa. Kwezinye iimeko, ke, i-pericarditis ingaba yimeko engapheliyo kwaye ingakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzulu. Njengokuba kunjalo nayiphi na ingxaki yomzimba, kubalulekile ukuba nabani na nge-pericarditis bafumane unyango olungileyo.
> Imithombo:
> Imazio M. Ulawulo lwexesha elifanelekileyo lweePericardial Diseases. Curr Opin Cardiol 2012; 27: 308.
> Adler Y, Charron P, Imazio M, et al. Izikhokelo ze-ESC zika-2015 zeNgcaciso kunye noLawulo lweePericardial Diseases: IQela lokuSebenza loLwazi kunye noLawulo lweZifo ze-Pericardial ze-European Society of Cardiology (ESC) ezivunywe yi-European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). I-Eur Heart J 2015; 36: 2921.