I-Marinol (i-dronabinol) iyilwayo yesigqirha esivela kumscago owaye wenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo kubantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo . Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufana neye-marijuana yonyango, uMarinol usemthethweni kuwo onke ama-50 ase-United States.
I-Marinol idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukukhupha isicaphulo kunye nokuhlanza okuhambisana ne-chemotherapy.
Kodwa kwakhona kuvunyelwe ukuba kusetyenziswe njengesondlo esinomdla kubantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo abanesifo esinzima.
Ukongezelela, xa zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iimpawu zentlungu okanye ukuhlanza, i-Marinol inokumiselwa xa ezinye izidakamizwa eziqhelekileyo zokulwa neenambuzane ezifana neCompazine, iZofran okanye iVistaril zingasebenzi.
Ukusetyenziswa kweMarinol kuye kwehla kubalulekile njengoko isilwanyana saqala ukusetyenziswa kwizigulane ze-HIV ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980. Ngelo xesha, amathuba okufa kwe-HIV aphezulu, kwaye uMarinol wayevame ukubonwa njengendlela kuphela yokujongana nokuchithwa kwe-HIV.
Namhlanje, ngenxa yeendlela zokwelapha izidambisi ze-antiretroviral, nakwabo abanezifo zesigaba esilandelayo banakho ukubuyisela umsebenzi wabo wokuzivikela. Ngokwenza njalo, imiba enxulumene nesondlo kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo ngokuqhelekileyo kudla ukuphucula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezikhuthazo.
I-Marinol ifana njani noMarjuana?
Amazwe amaninzi avotela ukuvumela inambuzane ukuba iphathe iimpawu ze-glaucoma, isicathulo, ukuhlanza, kunye nesondlo esingenasiphelo.
Nangona ukwamukelwa kweyona ntlalontle, i-marijuana yonyango isabonwa ngokungekho mthethweni yi-US federal government.
Kwiindawo apho inambuzane yezokwelapha ingekho mthethweni, i-Marinol ingasetyenziselwa njengenye indlela engokomthetho, njengoko iqulethe ingqungquthela yokwenza isithako esisebenzayo kwi-marijuana ebizwa ngokuba yi-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
Abanye abantu baxela ukuba bafana nohlobo oluphezulu olufana nelojuju; abanye abenzi. Isiphumo sibonakala ngokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezinjengezilingo, ubude bokusetyenziswa, kunye nobude bexesha oye wasebenzisa isilwanyana.
I-Marinol isetyenziselwa njani kwizigulane ezinegciwane le-HIV?
I-Marinol imiselwe ngokuqhelekileyo xa elinye iyeza lingazange liphumelele. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo yinkathazo eqhelekileyo, ngokukodwa kwintsholongwane yokusuleleka kwexesha elidlulileyo, ezinokubangelwa zizifo ezichaphazelekayo, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo engekho-HIV, okanye, xa kwenzeka ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-HIV, intsholongwane ngokwayo.
I-Marinol yenziwe nge-2.5mg (emhlophe), i-5mg (emnyama emnyama) ne-10mg (i-orange). Iifomsules kufuneka zigcinwe kwifriji ukuze zikhusele ukuba zibe zipholile kunye ne-gummy xa zifudumele. Kodwa akufanelekanga, kodwa, avunyelwe ukuba aqhwale.
I-Marinol imiselwe ngokuphindwe kabini kwi-2.5mg kabini imihla ngemihla ukuya kwiqondo elingaba li-10mg kabini imihla ngemihla ngaphambi kwexesha lesidlo nakusihlwa. Kubantu abangenako ukunyamezela iziyobisi ngenxa yemiphumo emibi, i-dose ye-2.5mg ngexesha lokulala ingasetyenziswa.
Iipsulisi kufuneka zigxinwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye zingalokothi zichithwe, zihlafunwe okanye zinywe.
Imiphumela
Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo nokusetyenziswa kweMarinol zi:
- Uvakalelwa "phezulu"
- Ukulala
- Ukudideka
- Ingqiqo yokunyaniseka kwenhlalakahle
- Intloko
- Umlomo omile
- Ukudideka
- Isimo sengqondo sitshintsha
Ingqwalasela yonyango
I-Marinol kufuneka igwenywe ukuba unolwazi olunqwenelekayo kwi-marijuana okanye kwi-same oil (enye inxalenye equlethwe kwi-capsule yeziyobisi). Yazisa umboneleli wakho ukuba unembali yotywala okanye utywala. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba ukhuphe ukusetyenziswa kwemishini enamandla okanye izixhobo zamandla ngelixa uthatha iMarinol.
I-Marinol kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokuqaphela kula bantu abalandelayo:
- Abantu abafumene unyango, i-schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder, okanye nayiphina imeko yesifo sengqondo
- Abantu baphathwa ngamagqabantshe, ama-hypnotics okanye ezinye iziyobisi ezisisigxina ngenxa yemiphumo eyongezelelweyo yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
- Izigulana ezikhulelwe kunye noononongo ngenxa yeempembelelo ezingaziwa zezilwanyana kumntwana
I-Marinol ivimba ngokuqhelekileyo kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo.
Imithombo :
US Administration and Drug Administration (FDA). "Iimodyuli ze-Marinol (dronabinol)." Rockville, Maryland; Septemba 2004.