Iintlobo zeeyeza zonyango kunye nokusebenzisa umdlavuza we-Lung
Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation yinkqubo yezokwelapha esebenzisa ukuhanjiswa kwamayeza aphezulu ukubulala amaseli omhlaza kunye nokuhlaziya izicubu.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani?
Umonakalo omkhulu wama-ray we-DNA kumaseli, obangela ukuba bafe okanye bayeke ukuhlula. Ekubeni iintsholongwane zomhlaza zihlula ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuneeseli eziqhelekileyo, ziyakwazi ukulimala. Iiseli eziphilileyo zinokuchaphazeleka kodwa zilungele ukulungisa umonakalo.
Yisetyenziswe nini?
Zomibini ezincinci zeseli kunye namancinci amachiza emiphunga amachiza amaninzi athatyathwa ngonyango lwe-radiation, edla rhoqo kunye ne- chemotherapy , ukuhlinzwa okanye zombini. Ingaphezulu kwesiqingatha salabo bafumene unomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamangqamuzana baya kufumana unyango lwamayeza ngexesha elithile kunyango lwabo. Ngokuxhomekeke kumhlobo kunye nesigaba somdlavuza wakho wemiphunga , unyango lwe-radiation lungasetyenziswa:
- Emva kokuhlinzwa - Ukunyanga nawuphi na amangqamuzana omhlaza ongahlala kwindawo emva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa - Ukunciphisa ubukhulu besisu kwaye wenze utyando luphumelele.
- Ukunyanga umdlavuza - Ngeentlungu ezincinci, kunye nezigulane ezingenakukwazi ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yobudala, indawo yesikhumba okanye ezinye izifo zonyango, unyango lwamayeza lunokuthi linike ithuba lokunyanga.
- Ukwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu - Kwababini basekhaya, njengama- lymph node eseduze, nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ezifana nengqondo.
- Ukunyanga iimpawu (unyango lwe-radiation) - Xa i-tumor ibangela iimpawu ezifana nokuphefumula kunye nentlungu, ngamanye amaxesha unyango lwe-radiation lisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ubukhulu be-tumor ukunciphisa iimpawu.
- Ukunyanga umhlaza wemiphunga wamaphaphasi - i-SBRT (jonga ngezantsi) ngamanye amaxesha inokusetyenziswa ukuphatha unyango okanye ubuncinane bee-brainstatic okanye i-metastases yesibindi ukusuka kumdlavuza wamaphaphu.
- Ukuthintela - Kwi-cancer yomnxeba omncinci wamangqamuzana, unyango lwe-radiation kwingqondo ngamanye amaxesha unikezelwa ukubulala nayiphi na iseli esasazeka kwingqondo kodwa ayifumanwanga ngongoma. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiProphylactic Cranial Irradiation (PCI) .
Unikwa Njani?
Ukunyangwa kwamayeza omhlaza womdlavuza kumdla wenziwa rhoqo imihla ngemihla, ngoMvulo ukuya kuLwesihlanu, kwiiveki ezintandathu. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe unyango, uya kunikwa enye okanye ngaphezulu "imizobo," amanqaku enkinoko ngonaphakade malunga nobukhulu besithintelo esiphepha isisu kwindawo yakho yomphunga. Ukufaniswa kwenziwa. Ngethuba le nkqubo, kuya kufuneka ulale kakhulu etafileni ngelixa i-oncologist ye-radiation ichaza apho ukujolisa khona. I-radiation oncologist iya kubala inani leemitha-mpahla (kulinganiswa kwi-Gy, i- grays ebizwa ngokuba yi- grays ) eya kuhanjiswa ngethuba lonyango lwakho.
Iintlobo
Ukunyangwa kwamayeza kunokwenziwa ngaphandle okanye ngaphakathi ukuze unyame umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo ziquka:
Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation lwangaphandle lwangaphandle - Oku kusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye luquka ukusetyenziswa komshini wangaphandle ohambisa umbane ophezulu. Iifom eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwangaphandle zi:
- Iingcali eziqhelekileyo (ezimbini-dimensional) zonyango.
- Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation oluchanekileyo lwe-3D - Olu unyango luya kwandisa unyango oluqhelekileyo ngokusebenzisa i-computed tomography (CT) -yonyango elungileyo ukujonga i-tumor ngamanqanaba amathathu. Injongo kukukhokela umbane ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-tumor kunye nokugcina izicubu ezijikelezayo.
- I-Intensity Modulated Radiation Treatment (IMTR) - Eli nyathelo linika i-dose ephakamileyo yemitha evela kwii-angles ezahlukeneyo. Izifundo ziye zafumanisa ukuba amanyathelo angaphambili kwaye aphakamileyo olwaphulo lwe-radiation anikezelwa ngexesha elifutshane liyakwenza ngcono amazinga okusinda kodwa adibaniswa nokunyuka kwefuthe, ikakhulukazi ukuvuvukala kwesisu (i-esophagitis ye-radiation.)
I-radiation yangaphakathi - Ngamanye amaxesha i-radiation inikezelwa ngaphakathi kumdlavuza wemiphunga. I-radiation yangaphakathi nayo yaziwa ngokuba yi- brachytherapy . Ngethuba le nkqubo, ityhubhu encinci yeplastiki ifakwe ngexesha le- bronchoscopy . Inani elincinci lezinto ezichithwa ngama-radioactive ligqitywa kwi-tube, okuvumela ukuba unyango luhanjiswe kwindawo echanekileyo.
Ityhubhu isuswa emva kokonyango.
I-radiotherapy yomzimba we-Stereotactic (SBRT) - I-radiotherapy yomzimba we-stereotactic okanye i-SBRT yomdlavuza wamaphaphu yindlela apho iqondo eliphezulu leemithayo lihanjiswa kwiindawo ezincinci zesilingo ekuzameni ukususa umzi womhlaza. Ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye iindidi zonyango lwe-radiation, ngezinye i-SBRT isetyenziswe ngentsholongwane yokuphelisa ngomhlaza wamaphaphu. Kwabanye abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu owaqala ukuqala, i-SBRT inokubonelela ngeziphumo ezifana nokuhlinzwa. I-SBRT ingasetyenziselwa, ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza womphunga oye wasasazeka . Xa kuphela imitha yesifo esivela kumdlavuza wamaphaphu ikhona kwingqondo okanye isibindi, i-SBRT iye yenzeke ekulawuleni ixesha elide lesi sifo.
Kuya kuthinta njani na?
Abantu abaninzi banako ukuqhuba imisebenzi ngemihla ngexesha lokwelashwa, nangona ukukhathala kuqhelekileyo kwaye kunzima ukunyuka ngexesha lokunyanga. Ngonyango lwangaphandle lwe-radiation, akudingeki ukuba uxhalabele ukuba imishanguzo iya kubachaphazela abo abajikelezile, njengamanye amachiza asetyenziswa kwezinye i-cancer.
Imiphumela
Ukuthukuthela kwesikhumba, kubandakanya ukubomvu nokuxubusha, ngokuqhelekileyo kuqala ngeveki yokuqala okanye ezimbini zonyango. I-oncologist yakho inokumisela ikhefu kuwe kwaye ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo ekunakekelwa kwesikhumba kubalulekile. Ukukhathala kuqhelekileyo kwaye kunokuqhubeka iiveki ezimbalwa ngaphaya kwonyango. Ubuhlungu okanye ubunzima ngokugwinya (isophagitis) kunokuvela kwaye zizathu zokuqhagamshelana ne-oncologist yakho. Iimpawu ezincinane ezifana nomonakalo obangelwa yimitha-mpahla zingenziwa, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, iinzuzo zonyango zigqithise kakhulu ingozi yezi ngxaki.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqhelane nemiphumo emibi yonyango phambi kokufumana olu unyango. Iziphumo ezinjenge- radiation pneumonitis - ukuvuvukala kwemiphunga ngenxa yonyango lwe-radiation - iyaphathwa, kodwa inokubangela ukuba i-fibrosis ye-pulmonary-scarishing permanent - ukuba ingafumaneki kwaye iphathwe ngokukhawuleza.
Njengokuba izinga lokusinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu liphucula, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ezinye zeempembelelo zexesha elide zonyango olusenokuqala kwaye luqhubeke kunyaka okanye kunyaka emva kokuba unyango lwemilambo lunikwe.
Ukulandelwa Emva kokunyanga kwamayeza
Ukunyanga kwamayeza kunokuthatha ixesha elide ukuqala ukusebenza kodwa uqhubeka ukusebenza ixesha elide emva kokuba unyanga luzaliswe unyango. I- oncologist yakho ye- radiation iza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe ntoni iimvavanyo zokulandela ukujonga inkqubela yakho.
Imithombo:
De Ruysscher, D., Lueza, B., Le Pechoux, C. et al. Impembelelo yeTraracothe Radiotherapy Isikhathi kwiNqanaba elincinci-I-Small-Cell Cell Lung Cancer: Ukusetyenziswa koLwazi oluPheleleyo lweMathambo I-Meta-analysis. Amanqaku e-Oncology . 2016 Julayi 19. (Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta).
Giaj-Levra, N., Ricchetti, F., noF. Alongi. Yintoni ekutshintshwa kwe-Radiotherapy kwiNyango ye-Nonsmall ephakamileyo kwi-Cell Lung Cancer Patients? Uhlolo. Uphando lweCancer . 2016. 34 (2): 80-93.
Maquilan, G., noRim Timerman. I-Stereotactic Body Body Radiation unyango lwe-Cancer Lung Cancer. Iphephandaba leMhlaza . 2016. 22 (4): 274-9.
Stevens, R., Macbeth, F., Toy, E., Coles, B., noJester. I-Palliative Radiotherapy Iimpawu zezilwelisi ezineziTyhulwa zeTrarac ezivela kwi-Cell-Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. I-Cochrane Database yeeNkqubo eziPhezulu . 2015. 1: CD002143.
Zheng, M., Sun, H., Xu, J. et al. Ukudibanisa yonke i-Brain Radiotherapy kunye ne-Gefitinib / Erlotinib yeBrain Metastases esuka kwiNcinci yeLung-Cell-Non-Small-A-Analysis. BioMed Research International . 2016. 2016: 5807346.