Sibanzi
I-endobronchial ultrasound yinkqubo yonyango enokuthi yenziwe ngexesha le-bronchoscopy, ukubonelela ngolwazi olongezelelweyo ukuxilonga okanye ukumisela isigaba somhlaza wemiphunga. Le ndlela intsha ivumela oogqirha ukuba bajonge imimandla yemiphunga yakho kunye nommandla wesifuba ojikelezayo oqhele ukuba ufuna iinkqubo ezininzi zokugonywa ukuba zihlolwe.
Inkqubo ivame ukuqhutyelwa njengenkqubo yokuphulukana nomntu okanye unyango losuku olufanayo kwaye ithathwa njengenkqubo encinci yokungena.
Inkqubo
I-endobronchial ultrasound ivame ukuqhutyelwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia "yenkqubo" kuthetha ukuba uza kulala kwaye akayi kuziva ukhululekile, kodwa akayi kubuthwa ngokulala njengokuba uza kuba ne-anesthetic jikelele. Inkqubo inokwenziwa, nangona kunjalo, i-anesthetic jikelele xa ifunekayo.
Ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-endobronchial ultrasound, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala enze i-bronchoscopy. Kwinkqubo ye- bronchoscopy , ityhubhu ifakwe emlonyeni wakho okanye empumleni kwi-trachea yakho (i-windpipe yakho) uze ungene kwi-airways enkulu ekhokelela kwimiphunga yakho. Emva kokuba ityhubhu isendaweni, oogqirha basebenzisa iprojekithi ekhethekileyo ye-ultrasound ukuthumela amaza omsindo (i-ultrasound) ngeendonga zendlela ohamba ngayo kwiindawo ezikufutshane, kuquka imiphunga kunye ne- mediastinum (indawo yesifuba ephakathi kwemiphunga).
Ukuba iinkalo ezingavamile zibonwa kwi-ultrasound, ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isampuli yeesisisi ngenaliti encinane ekhokelwa yi-ultrasound. Le ndlela ye-biopsy ibizwa ngokuba yi-transbronchial needle ultrasound. Inaliti isetyenziswe ngodonga lwendlela ohamba ngayo kunye nomfutho wakho wamaphaphu, ngelixa ugqirha wakho angabuka ngexesha langempela kwi-ultrasound ngqo apho inaliti iya khona Kukho isixhobo esincinci ekupheleni kwesi saliti esinokuthatha isampuli zi krokre.
Emva kokuba inkqubo yakho igqityiwe, isampula ithunyelwa kwibhile ukuba ikhangele ubukho bomhlaza, okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga.
Iinkcazo
Ukuphakamisa unyango olungcono kumdlavuza wamaphaphu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda isigaba somdlavuza wemiphunga - ukuba, nokuba kude kangakanani, umhlaza usasazeke. Ukuchongwa okuchanekileyo kunokunciphisa inani leethambo ezisuswe ngexesha lotyando lomhlaza wemiphunga . Oku kunokukunceda ukuba ungangeni ekutyunjweni okungadingekile ukuba umhlaza wakho uphethwe kakuhle ngenye indlela, njengokhemotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, unyango lwe- immunotherapy , unyango lwe-radiation okanye udibaniso lwamayeza.
Ngokwesiko, i-staging echanekileyo idla ngokufuna iimvavanyo ezingenangxaki ezifana ne- mediastinoscopy kunye nezinye izifo zesifuba ezifana ne-thoracoscopy okanye i-thoracotomy. I-thoracoscopy yinkqubo efana nokuhlinzwa okwe-laparoscopic kwisisu, kuphela kuyenziwa kwisifuba. I-thoracotomy yinto yokuvulela esifubeni evulekile edla ngokubandakanya ukusika nokukhupha inxalenye yembambo okanye iimbambo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-endobronchial ultrasound inokunika oogqirha ulwazi olufunekayo ukubeka umhlaza ngaphandle kokucebisa le nkqubo.
Ukongezelela ekubeni yinkqubo engaphantsi kwe-invasive, i-endobronchial ultrasound inokunceda oogqirha bafikelele nzima ukufikelela kwiindawo.
Kananjalo ngamanye amaxesha uyakwazi ukubona amaninzi, kunye namancinci amancinci angabonwa nge-mediastinoscopy yendabuko.
Izizathu ezine ezisisiseko ugqirha wakho unokuncoma i-endobronchial ultrasound:
- Ukukhangela ubukho beentlungu okanye i- lymph nodes ezandisiweyo .
- Ukufumanisa izicubu ngaphakathi komphunga.
- Ukufumanisa i-lymph nodes kwi-mediastinum (indawo phakathi kwemiphunga) okanye i- hilum (ummandla ongasentla kwimiphophu.)
- Ukufumanisa izicubu kwi-mediastinum.
Ukongeza kwi-diagnostic and stage cancer umpompi, i-endobronchial ultrasound ingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa izifo okanye ukuncedisa ukuxilongwa kweemeko eziphazamisayo zamaphaphu ezifana ne- sarcoidosis .
Ukubuyisela
Uninzi lwabantu lunyamezela le nkqubo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye luyakwazi ukuhamba esibhedlele ngosuku olufanayo lwenkqubo. Le nkqubo ayifuni nayiphi na into eyenziweyo kwaye ihamba ngokukhawuleza ibe ngumgangatho wokunakekelwa kwilizwe lonke.
Iingxaki
Iingxaki ze-endobronchial ultrasound ngokukodwa ziyakwenzeka ngenxa ye-bronchoscopy okanye ngenxa ye-biopsy ngokwayo. Ezi ziquka ukuphuma kwegazi, ukusuleleka, ukuwa kwempompo, okanye iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-anesthetics ezinikezelwe ukwenza inkqubo.
Imithombo:
IHrith, F. Bronchoscopy / Endobronchial Ultrasound. Imida kwi-Radiation Therapy kunye ne-Oncology . 2010. 42: 55-62.
Kinsey, L, kunye no-D. Arenberg. I-endobronchial i-ultrasound ekhokelwayo yintsholongwane yentsalane yokufuna isifo somhlaza wesifo somhlaza wesininzi. I-American Journal ye-Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine . 2014. 189 (6): 640-9.
Yasufuku, K. et al. Indima ye-endobronchial i-ultrasound ekhokelwayo yentsholongwane yentsalane ekuthandweni komdlavuza wamaphaphu. I-General Thoracic and Surgery Cardiovascular . 2008. 56 (6): 268-76.
Yasufuku, K. I-endobronchial ultrasound: Iinkcazo, ukuchasana kunye neengxaki. Isemgangathweno. Ukuhlaziywa 01/08/16. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/endobronchial-ultrasound-indications-intraindications- and- complications