Inkulu yeCarcinoma yeeLung

Izimpawu, unyango, kunye nokuxhamlaliswa kweCancer Lung Cancer

Inkulu ye-carcinoma yemiphunga yindlela yokomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wesininzi . I-akhawunti yamancinci yamangqamuzana amancinci angama-80 engama-cancer yamaphaphu, kwaye kulawa, malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zikhulu ze-cell carcinoma yomphunga.

Sibanzi

I-carcinomas ezinkulu zibizwa ngokuba ngamagciwane amakhulu omhlaza wamaphaphu. Zibizwa ngokuba yinto yokubonakala kweeseli ezijikelezileyo xa zihlolwa ngaphantsi kwe-microscope, nangona iimvumi zihlala zikhulu xa zifunyenwe.

Ngokubanzi i-cell cell carcinomas zivela kwimimandla engaphandle yemiphunga, kwaye zivame ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinye iindidi zesifo somhlaza wesifo samangqamu.

Iimpawu

Ngenxa yokuba iincinci ze-carcinomas ziqala kwiindawo zangaphandle zemiphunga, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wamaphaphu, ezifana nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo kunye nokukhwehlela igazi , kunokusasazeka kude kube yilapho esi sifo. Ekuqaleni kwee-carcinomas ezinkulu ezinokungahoywa zibandakanya ukukhathala, ukuphefumula okufutshane , okanye ukunyuka emhlane wakho, ehlombe okanye esifubeni. Abantu abaninzi bayaqaphela ukuba ezi zimpawu zokuqala ziyingqiqo kwaye zingacacile, umzekelo, zikholelwa ukuba iimpawu zabo zokuphefumula okufutshane kunye nokunyuka kwezitebhisi zihlobene nokufumana iipounds ezimbalwa okanye nokuba yiminyaka embalwa ubudala, kunokuba kube ngumqondiso wemhlaza wamaphaphu.

Ekubeni i-cell cell carcinomas zihlala zifumaneka kwimimandla yangaphandle yemiphunga, zingenza ukuba amanzi aphuhlise kwindawo phakathi kwezicubu ezihamba emphumpeni (ukunyanzeliswa kwesandi) kwaye zihlasele udonga lwesifuba.

Oku kunokubangela intlungu kwisifuba okanye kwicala lakho elibuhlungu ngokuphefumula.

I-cell cell carcinomas ziyakwazi ukuhambisa izinto ezifana ne-hormone ezibangelwa iimpawu ezibhekiswe kwi- paraneoplastic syndrome . Kubantu, ezi zinto zingabangela ukwandiswa kwamabele, into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-gynecomastia.

Ukuxilongwa

Inkulu i-carcinoma yamaphaphu iqala ukukhankanywa xa ukungabonakali kubonakala kwi-X-ray.

Ukuphonononga kwakhona kungaquka:

• ICape CT
• Bronchoscopy
• I-PET scan - uvavanyo olwenzelwe ukujonga izilonda ezikhulayo

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukufumana isampuli yamathambo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwaye uya kulandelela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukujonga ukuba umhlaza wakho usasazeke. I- biopsy yemiphunga ukufumana umdlavuza wamaphaphu unokwenziwa ngenye yezindlela eziliqela ukusuka kwi-biopsy entle ye-needle, ukuya kwi-biopsy ehamba phambili ye-ultrasound ngexesha le-bronchoscopy, kwi-biopsy evulekile.

Amanqanaba

Inkulu ye-carcinoma idilizwe ibe ngamazinga amane:

• Isigaba 1 - Umhlaza uphakathi kwipomphu kwaye awusasazeka nakweyiphi i-lymph nodes .
• Isigaba sesi-2 - Umhlaza usasazeke kwii-lymph nodes okanye umgca wemiphunga, okanye kwindawo ethile ye-bronchus .
• Isigaba sesi-3 - Umhlaza usasazeke kwiimpawu ezisondele kwimipuphu.
• Isigaba sesi-4 - Umhlaza usasazeke (ulungelelaniso) kwenye inxalenye yomzimba.

Izizathu

Ininzi i-cell cell carcinomas yamapayipi inxulumene kakhulu nokubhema kunezinye iindidi zeekliniki ezingamancinci zamangqamuzana emiphunga, kodwa ezinye izizathu zingenza igalelo kunye nezizathu zendalo , ukutshaya , izizathu zokusebenza , kunye nemfuza .

Unyango

Ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba, unyango olukhulu lwee-carcinomas zomphunga lungabandakanya ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation, okanye ukudibanisa kwezi zinto.

Uninzi lwezilingo zekliniki ziyaqhubeka zifuna iindlela ezintsha zokuphatha umhlaza wamaphaphu, kunye nokukunceda ukugqiba ukuba zeziphi unyango olusebenzayo.

Ukuhlinzwa

Xa i-cell cell ezininzi zibanjwe kwiinqanaba zokuqala , ukuhlinzwa kunokunika ithuba lokunyanga.

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy ingasetyenziselwa yedwa, ngokubambisana neyeza zonyango, okanye utyando olulandelayo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Imizekelo yemithi ye-chemotherapy esebenzisa i-cell cell carcinomas iquka i-Altima (pemetrexed) ne-Platinol (cisplatin).

Iipilithi ezijoliswe

Iipilisi ezijoliswe kuzo ziyimithi eyenzelwe ukuhlasela umhlaza ngokukodwa. Ngenxa yokuba basebenzela ngokujolisa iiprotheni kumaseli omhlaza , okanye iiseli eziqhelekileyo "ziye zatshitshiswa" ngendlala ekuzame ukukhula, zinokuba nemiphumo embalwa yecala ngaphandle kwekhemotherapy yendalo.

Imizekelo yemithi ejoliswe kuyo ingasetyenziswa iquka iTarceva (erlotinib) kunye ne-Iressa (gefitinib).

Utyando lweyeza

Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation lungasetyenziselwa ukunyanga umdlavuza wamaphaphu okanye ukulawula iimpawu ezinxulumene nokusasazeka komhlaza .

Immunotherapy

I-Immunotherapy yintsimi entsha enomdla womhlaza wamaphaphu oye wabangela ukulawula ixesha elide lesi sifo kwabanye abantu.

Prognosis

Inqanaba leminyaka eli-5 lokusinda komdlavuza wamaphaphu libuhlungu nje malunga neepesenti ezingama-18 kuphela. Kulabo bafunyanwe kwizigaba zokuqala zesi sifo, ukuhlwayelwa komzimba kulunge ngakumbi. Olunye uhlobo olubanzi lwe-cell carcinoma, inkulu ye-neuroendocrine carcinoma, ine-prognosis embi kakhulu kune-cell cell.

Ukujamelana

Ukuxilongwa komhlaza wemiphunga kuyothusayo kwaye uvakalelwa kukuba wedwa. Vumela abathandekayo bakho ukuba bakuxhase. Abantu abaninzi abanalwazi ukuba basabele njani kumntu ofunyanwa ngumhlaza. Ukuvumela abantu ukuba bazi izinto ezithile abanokuzenza ukuze bancede banokunyusa uxhalabo lwabo, kunye nokuzalisa imfuno yakho yenkxaso eyongezelelweyo ngeli xesha.

Buza imibuzo . Funda ngokubanzi njengoko unako. Cinga ukujoyina iqela lokuxhaswa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu okanye ngeziko lakho lomhlaza okanye kwi-intanethi. Yinyani na. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba abanye bafumene ntoni okanye bacebisa, yedwa kuphela owaziyo okulungileyo kuwe.

> Imithombo:

> INational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa Kwemhlaza Yengxaki Yengqumbo Ye-Cell Lung (PDQ). https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq

> Ibhedu, S. Iziganeko zonyango kunye nezikhuphayo eziPhezulu ezinezifo ezingapheliyo. I-American Journal ye-Pharmacy System System . 2010. 67 (1 iSiza 1): S9-14.