Yintoni ekubhekiselele kwiNqanaba lokuQala leNgqungquthela yokuLungisa kwaye Yintoni okufanele uyazi?
Kuthetha ntoni ukuba uxelwa ukuba unomdlavuza wamaphaphu ekuqaleni? Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kwaye zeziphi iimvavanyo zenziwa? Ziziphi iipilisi ezingcono kunye nantoni na isifo sakho?
Nangona uvakalelwa ukwesaba kakhulu kwaye ugxininiswe nokuxilongwa kwakho, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba unyango lomhlaza wamaphaphu luya kuphucula, kwaye izinga lokuphila liphucula.
Kwaye ekubeni ininzi yentuthuko eyenziwe kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, kubalulekile ukuba ungapheli ithemba ngamabali abantu abangabelana nawe xa beva ngoxilongo lwakho.
Inkcazo
Ugqirha wakho usenokuba uthe "unomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu" okanye mhlawumbi ufunde ngokunyanga "kwinqanaba lokuqala" umhlaza wamaphaphu kodwa oko kuthetha ukuthini? Ziziphi izigaba ezithathwa kuqala?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, umahluko odla ngokubhekiselele ekuchazeni umdlavuza wamaphaphu ekuqaleni okanye kwisigaba esiphezulu kukuba umhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamandulo, utyando lunokuba luncedo lokuphilisa eso sifo. Ngamanye amazwi, injongo yonyango isoloko "yonyango," kunokuba "i-palliative" ekujoliswe kuyo kukugxininisa ekunciphiseni ubomi nokunciphisa iimpawu kodwa ingaphilanga umhlaza.
Amanqanaba eSifo
Amanyathelo athathwa njengendlela yokuqala yomhlaza axhomekeke kwimimandla ethile yomhlaza.
Umdlavuza ongasetyenzana wesifo somhlaza ngumninzi oqhelekileyo weengxelo zomhlaza wamaphaphu malunga neepesenti ezingama-85 zamanomdlavuza emiphunga.
Ezi khansela ziphinda ziphulwe zibe yi-lung adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma yemiphunga, kunye neengqamzana ezinkulu zeekliniki zamaphaphu. Amanqanaba athathwa njengendlela yokuqala (okanye esebenzayo) zibandakanya:
Umdlavuza omncinci wamaseli omnxeba ngowona wesibini uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwaye uphuhlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezi-2 nje kuphela, ulwabiwo oluninzi.
- Umlinganiselo omncinci womhlaza wesifo somhlaza womnxeba unokubhekiswa kwinqanaba lokuqala (nangona la mathambo asemgangathweni, kodwa utyando aluqhelekanga kumdlavuza omncinci wamangqamuzana.)
Ukuba uyazibuza ukuba okanye akukho nto oyivayo malunga "nomhlaza wesifo somdlavuza" usetyenziswa kwimeko ethile, yabelana ngemibandela yakho kunye ne-oncologist yakho.
Iimpawu
Ekuqaleni, umhlaza wesifo somdlavuza ungasenayo impawu. Ezi ngqomane zifumaneka kwi-screening screening okanye zifunyenwe "ngengozi" xa kuthathwa iskena esinye isizathu.
Xa iimpawu zomhlaza zomphunga zikhona, zingabandakanya ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, ukukhwehlela igazi, ukuphefumula okufutshane, okanye ukungahambi kakuhle. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga zitshintshile, kwaye njengezifo zentliziyo, iimpawu zomhlaza wamaphaphu kwabesetyhini ziyakwazi ukuhluka kwala madoda. Ngomphunga we-adenocarcinoma - uhlobo lomdlavuza olufunyenwe ngokuqhelekileyo kubasetyhini, abantu abadala kunye nabangabhemi - izidumbu zihlala zikhula kwimimandla engaphandle yamaphaphu kude ne-airways enkulu. Ngesi sizathu, abantu abaneengqungquthela abanakho ukuba "neempawu" ezifana nokukhwehlela, kodwa kunoko baqaphele amanqaku angacacanga, njengokunciphisa ukunyamezela.
Ukuxilongwa
Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga umhlaza wemiphunga.
Ukujonga iimvavanyo ezifana ne-CT scan kungenziwa ukujonga ngeso siqhumane nokujonga ukusabalala kwe-tumor kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. I-biopsy yamaphaphu ivame ukuqhutyelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa kunye nokuchonga uhlobo lomhlaza. Kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu one-lungen adarocarcinoma, kunye nayo yonke imiphunga yesifo somdlavuza, unokwenziwa kweengqungquthela ze-molecular ezenziwe kwi-tumor . Ukuba oku kungacacanga, qhagamshelana ne-oncologist yakho malunga novavanyo.
Unyango lomhlaza
Ukuqonda kakuhle unyango lwemiphunga yemiphunga kukunceda ukuphule ezi zonyango ukuya kwiindidi ezi-2
- Ionyango zonyango zonyango oluphatha umhlaza wendawo apho ivela khona. Bobabini uphando kunye neyeza zonyango zibhekwa unyango lwendawo
- Iimpawu zonyango ziphatha iiseli zomhlaza wamaphaphu apho zikhona khona emzimbeni - umzekelo uya kuba ngumhlaza oye wasasazeka amathambo
Ngomdlavuza wesifo somdlavuza wasemaphandleni, unyango lwengingqi lwenziwa rhoqo ngenjongo yokunyanga - injongo yokunyanga kwesi sifo. Ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu omdala, unyango lwengingqi kunye notyando okanye unyango lwe-radiation (njenge-SBRT) lunakho konke okufunekayo.
Ulwaphulo olusisigxina luvame ukwenziwa ngokukongeza kwindlela yokuhlinzwa ngenxa yomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamandulo. Xa kunjalo, izifundo zengcamango zingabonakali naziphi na ubungqina bokusasazeka, kodwa zisetyenziselwa ukuba kukho nayiphi na iseli somhlaza. Siyazi ukuba i-early stage isifo somdlavuza samaphaphu siphinda siphindele, kwaye oku kuphinda kucingelwe ukuba ngenxa yale mizi - kodwa engabonakaliyo - iiseli.
Ukuhlinzwa - Ugqirha ngokuqhelekileyo unyango olukhethwa ngumhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamandulo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlinzwa ezinokuthi zenziwe, kuxhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nendawo yakho yokudla. Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa nge-inclusive box incision, kodwa kuqhutyelwa ngokuqhubekayo kwinkqubo encane engabonakaliyo ebizwa ngokuba yi -VATS . Ukongezelela, kukho iimvumi ezingenakufikeleleka kakuhle ngale ndlela. Ekubeni iziphumo ezivela ekutyathweni ziye zafunyanwa zibe ngcono xa zenziwa kumaziko omhlaza ezenza iindawo ezinkulu zokuhlinzwa, unokufisa ukutyelela, okanye ubuncinci ukuba ube nembono wesibini kwenye yeyona nkampani enkulu yeCancer Cancer-izikhungo zomhlaza ezikhethiweyo.
Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation / SBRT - Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation lungenziwa emva kokuhlinzwa njengonyango oluxhasayo. Ngokuba izibilini ezisekuqaleni, kodwa ezingenakusebenza ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, i- radiotherapy yomzimba (stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) , eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-cyberknife" inokwenziwa ngenjongo yokunyanga. Uphando lufumene ukuba kubantu ababaviwa abafanelekileyo kule nyango, iziphumo zinokufana nazo ezivela kutyando.
I-Chemotherapy - I-Chemotherapy yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ingasetyenziselwa emva kokuhlinzwa njengonyango oluxhasayo. Kusetyenziswa ngale ndlela, i-chemotherapy yenzelwe ukuhlaselwa nayiphi na iseli yomhlaza esenokuthi isasaze ngaphaya kwesisu sakho, kodwa asikwazi ukufunyanwa ngokujonga iimvavanyo esinazo.
Ulwaphulo olulindelekileyo - Ukuprofetwa kwe-molecular kuzakuvumela i-oncologist yakho ukuba wazi ukuba unayo nayiphi na inguqu yemfuza okanye i-rearrangements "ekujoliswe kuyo." Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba kukho imithi eye yavunywa okanye ekulingweni lweklinikhi "ijolise" utshintsho oluthile lomzimba kwisisu sakho. Ezi zonyango zivumela i-oncologists ukuba iphathe imichiza ngokuchanekileyo, ngokusebenzisa oko kuye kwabizwa ngokuba "unyango oluchanekileyo."
Immunotherapy - I- Immunotherapy yindlela entsha enomdla wokunyanga komhlaza kunye neyeza lokuqala kule klasi eye yavunywa ngo-2015 ngomhlaza wemiphunga. Isebenza ngokuncedisa i-immune system yakho ekuqapheliseni nasekuhlaseleni amangqamuzana omhlaza emzimbeni wakho.
Ukujamelana
Ukufunyaniswa ukuba nomhlaza wemiphunga uyothusayo nokuba kusekuqaleni kwinqanaba. Ukuba usanda kufunda ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unomdlavuza wamaphaphu, qwa lasela amanyathelo okuqala ukuba ulandele xa usanda kutshatyalaliswa ngumhlaza wemiphunga .
Ukuphila nomhlaza wemiphunga kuthatha idolophana. Izigulane zisebenza ngokusondeleyo kunye ne-oncologists ngendlela esele iqulunqwe ngayo "isenzo sokwenza isabelo." Kodwa unokufunda njani ngokwaneleyo ngomhlaza wakho ukwenza izigqibo ezibalulekileyo? Nazi ezinye iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuphanda umhlaza wakho kwi-intanethi , kwakunye nendlela yokuba ngummeli wakho kwiinkonzo zakho zempilo.
Andikho iziphumo zokufunda ukuze ndiyibuyisele, kodwa "amathambo" am anditsho ukuba abo bantu benza okusemgangathweni ngomhlaza wamaphaphu yibo abanenkxaso enkulu kunye nokudibanisa. Kukho uluntu lomdlavuza wemiphunga kakhulu-indawo apho unako ukufumana inkxaso kunye nokufunda ngohlobo oluthile lomhlaza. Khangela le ngcaciso malunga namaqela enkxaso yomdlavuza wamaphaphu ase-intanethi kunye noluntu malunga neengcebiso malunga nokuba ungaqala njani ukudibanisa.
Kwabathandwa
Ukuba ngumntu wakho othandekayo oye wafunyaniswa, mhlawumbi unesivalo, kwaye ngaphezu koko, kufuneka ujamelane neemvakalelo zokungancedi ezihamba nomhlaza wokunyamekela umdlavuza. Eli nqaku " xa umthandayo wakho enomdlavuza wemiphunga " malunga neziphi izigulane zomdlavuza wamaphaphu ziye zafuna ukuba abahlobo neentsapho zabo bazi malunga nokuhlala nesifo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayinyamekela. Hlola ezi ngcebiso ekunyamekeleni njengononophelo .
Imithombo:
Dziedzic, D., kunye noT. Orlowski. Indima ye-VATS kwi-Ingqungquthela yokuChengisa umdlavuza: Isimo samanje kunye neenjongo zokuPhuhliso. Utyando Oluncinane . 2015. 2015: 938430.
Eberhardt, W., De Ruysscher, D. kunye neW. Weder. INkomfa ye-ESMO yokuBonisana kwe-2 ye-Lung Cancer: isigaba se-III esingaqhutywayo esikolweni esingekho esincinci-somhlaza wamaphaphu. Amanqaku e-Oncology . 2015. 26 (8): 1573-88.
UMhlophe, uA., noS S. Swanson. Ukuhlinzwa ngokubhekiselele kwi-stereotactic radiational ablative (SABR) kwintsholongwane engaphantsi komncinci wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu: ubuncinci abukho ngaphezulu. Umbhalo Wezifo Zesifo . 2016. 8 (iSiza 4): S399-405.