I-Buildup yamanzi okanye i-air kwisikhala esicengayo yonakalisa ukuphefumla
Yisiphi isigxina somlomo, kwaye yintoni injongo yayo? Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezinokubandakanya iingxaki ngale nxalenye yomzimba?
Ukuchithwa kwesigxina yindawo yokukhuphela kwamanzi emzimbeni wesigxina, indawo egcwele amanzi ejikeleze imiphunga. Ngenye yeziphazamiso ezininzi ezichaphazela intambo yesigxina kunye nolunye olunokuphazamisa ngokuthe ngqo ukwandiswa kwemiphunga kunye nokukwazi komntu ukuphefumula.
Ukuqokelela kwamanzi aphuma kwizinto ezivela kwii-ounces ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiLitha eziliqela. Ukusuleleka ngentsholongwane ka-Viral kunye nokungaphumeleli kwintliziyo yesifo phakathi kwezona zizathu ezininzi. Iimeko ezifanayo ziquka ukufakwa kwemoya okanye igazi kwi-space pleural.
I-Anatomy yePleural Cavity
Isigxina sesigxina siyindawo ekhoyo phakathi kwe- pleura , iimbumba ezincinci ezinomgca kwaye zijikeleze imiphunga. Isigxina sesilwane sinomlinganiselo omncinci wamanzi owaziwa njengengqungquthela yamanzi , esinika i-lubrification njengoko imiphunga ikhulisa kwaye ivumelwano ngexesha lokuphefumula.
Isigxina sesigxina sinamalungu e-parietal pleura axhonyiwe eludongeni lwesifuba kunye ne-pleceral pleure edibene nemiphunga. Esikhatsini sendawo esicengayo yilapho iphakathi kwe-15 no-20 ii-ccs zamanzi (i-three to fourpoons) ezifihliweyo. (Ngokwahlukileyo, ngokuchithwa kwesigxina esi sikhala sinokwandisa ukuba sibe neelitha ezili-6 zamanzi, umbane oza kusebenza ukunyanzelisa amaphaphu.)
Indima yendima yecala lokubamba inxaxheba kukunyusa ukwandiswa nokuqhekeka kwemiphunga ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukuba lwenza ngokufanelekileyo ngokuncedisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Kananjalo lenza njengento yokucima, ngokuhlukana phakathi kwengcinezelo phakathi kwemiphunga kunye nesigxina sokubangela ukuba i-push-and-pull idinge ukukhupha nokukhupha umoya.
Iintlupheko ezibandakanya iSakhiwo esiPhakathi
Ubuninzi bomninzi, umoya, okanye igesi kwisigxina esinokubangela ukuphefumula. Phakathi kweemeko ezichaphazela kakubi umcengezi:
- Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ye-Congression (CHF) kunokubangela ukuxhatshazwa kwamanzi ngenxa yokunyuka kwengcinezelo ye-capillary kwimiphunga.
- I-hepatic hydrothorax isetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukunyuswa kwamanzi okubangelwa yi- cirrhosis yesibindi . Iphumela ekuhambeni kwamanzi angaphezulu kwama- ascites ukusuka kwisisu esiswini ukuya kwisigxina.
- Ukuxhatshazwa ngokukrakra komsindo kuyinkxalabo eyenzeka kuma-30 ekhulwini abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukuchithwa kakubi kunokwenzeka nangomdlavuza webele we-metastatic, i-leukemia, i-lymphoma, kunye ne- myelodysplastic syndrome (isifo seeseli zamathambo esithambo).
- Izifo ezinjenge-pneumonia kunye nesifo sofuba (TB) sinokubangela ukwakhiwa kwamanzi emzimbeni. Ngelixa lingaqhelekanga kwi-US nakwihlabathi eliphuhlisiwe, i-TB ithathwa njengesona siphumo esisisiseko sokuxhatshazwa kwenzondo kwilizwe elikhulayo.
- I-Pneumothorax ( ipomphu epholileyo ) ibhekisela ekwakhiweni komoya kwindawo evulekileyo inokunyanzelisa imiphunga kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima, ikhubaza amandla emiphunga ukuba yandise. Ukuba kwenzeka i-pneumothorax, ingaba inkqubo encinci okanye, endaweni yoko, inkqubo ekhawulezayo ephoqa umphunga ngaphantsi kwimbane (i-pneumothorax yokubandezeleka).
- I-Hemothorax kukuqokelelwa kwegazi kwindawo yokukhalaza, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yesifo sengxubusho okanye ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kwesifuba.
- I-Mesothelioma ngumhlaza weempawu ezixhamla ngokuqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nokutyhila kwe-asbestos. Ukuba i-mesothelioma iyasebenza, utyando luquka ukukhenkceza iimbumba kunye naluphi na ochaphazelekayo.
Ukuxilongwa kunye nokuPhathwa kweePleural Effusions
Ukuchithwa kwesigxina ngokuqhelekileyo kuxilongwa ngeenkqubo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-thoracentesis apho inaliti kunye nesirinji esetyenziselwa ukususa umkhuhlane ukusuka kwisigxina. I-pleural fluid ihlaziywa phantsi kwe-microscope ukufumanisa isizathu.
Ukuba i-fluid okanye umoya uhlala kwindawo evulekileyo, ityhubhu yesifuba okanye inaliti thoracentesis , ngokulandelanayo, isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa imiphunga.
Ukuba iimpawu eziqhubekayo okanye iintlungu ezinxulumene nesifo esingapheliyo (njenge-mesothelioma) siba nzima, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi- pleurodesis ingenziwa. I-Pleurodesis yinkqubo yokucwangcisa i-palliative ebandakanya ukuqaliswa kweekhemikhali ezivuthayo kwisithuba sombongo. Ukutshabalala okubangelwa kukubangela ukuba iziqendu zombini zihlangane kunye, ziphoqele umoya kunye nolwandle xa zinciphisa amandla omntu wokuphefumula.
Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka, oogqirha banokuqwalasela ukususa isikhalazo kunye nendawo yokukhalaza ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi- pleurectomy .
> Imithombo
- > Ilayibrari yeSizwe ka-US yamayeza. "Iingxaki zePleural." MedlinePlus. EBethesda, eMaryn; hlaziywa ngo-Ephreli 12, 2017.