Inkcazo, iziganeko, unyango kunye nokukhusela iMesothelioma
Sibanzi
I-Mesothelioma ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga, onama-2 000 amatsha amatyala afumaneka e-United States ngamnye ngonyaka-kodwa iziganeko zalo zanda emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokudabukisayo, ezininzi iziganeko zezi sifo zihlobene nomsebenzi wokungena kwi- asbestos kwaye inokuthintelwa ngokuqonda kunye namanyathelo okukhusela emsebenzini. Oku kuthiwa, kwiimeko ezininzi, i-mesothelioma ayinakuqhubeka kude kube yiminyaka emininzi emva kokunyuka kwe-asbestos, kwaye abaninzi abantu abafunyaniswa namhlanje banokubonakala kwi-asbestos kwiminyaka edlulileyo.
I-Mesothelioma iyisifo somdlavuza (esiyingozi) esiqala kwi- mesothelium . I-mesothelium yile membrane kwaye ikhusela imiphunga, intliziyo kunye nesisu esiswini. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-mesothelioma:
- I-mesothelioma ye-Pleural iqala ngo- pleura (umgca wemiphunga). Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-mesothelioma.
- I-mesothelioma ye-Peritoneal iqala kwi-peritoneum (i-lining of the stomity cavity).
- I-mesothelioma ye-Pericardial iqala kwi-pericardium (i-lining of heart).
Izizathu
Uninzi lweziganeko ze-mesothelioma zibangelwa ukugqithiswa kwe-asbestos emsebenzini. Ezinye izizathu ziquka:
- Ukuthinteka kwe-Genetic - Abanye abantu banokukwazi ukuhlakulela i-mesothelioma kunabanye
- Ukubonakaliswa kwintsholongwane ethile - Intsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-simian virus 40 (i-SV 40) idibaniswe namanye amacala e-mesothelioma
- Ukuvezwa kwimizila
Iimpawu
Uninzi lwabantu abanomdla wokuphefumula kunye nentlungu yesifuba (ikakhulukazi phantsi kwembambo), kodwa ezinye iimpawu zingaquka:
- Intlungu yesisu kunye nokubetha (kunye ne-peritoneal mesothelioma)
- Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
- Unzima ukugwinya (dysphagia)
- Ukulahleka kwesisindo esingachazwanga
- IAnemia
- Ukungavumelekanga kwi-clotting igazi
- Iintlungu zentlungu - Kwisifundo esinye, intlungu yamagxa yayisisibonakaliso sokuqala se-mesothelioma yesineli kwi-14 pesenti yezigulane.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukufumanisa i-mesothelioma kunokuba nzima kunokuba kukho iimeko ezininzi ezibangela iimpawu ezifanayo.
Ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ukuthabatha imbali echanekileyo, ngokukodwa ekubuza imibuzo malunga nembali yakho yengqesho, uze wenze uvavanyo lomzimba. Izifundo zokucinga zenziwa kaninzi kwaye zingabandakanya ii-ray-esifubeni sakho nesisu, i-CT, i-MRI, okanye i- PET .
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uphonsela i-mesothelioma, kuya kufuneka ukuba atyelele i-biopsy. Ngokuxhomekeka kwendawo yokuhlambela kwakho, unokuncoma i-thoracoscopy okanye i-thoracoscopy (VAT) encediswa yividiyo, inqubo apho isampuli yenyama isuswa kwi-pleura, okanye i-peritoneoscopy, inqubo efanayo ukufumana izicubu esiswini. Ukuba i-biopsy ibonisa i-mesothelioma, kwenziwa iikhompyutheni ezongezelelweyo ukucacisa isigaba somhlaza (indlela eqhubekileyo ngayo).
Amanqanaba
I-Mesothelioma ikwahlula zibe zigaba ezi-2:
- Eyona ndawo (Isigaba 1) - Nge-mesothelioma yendawo, umhlaza uphelelwe kumama-mesothelium - umlomo kunye ne-mesothelioma ecetywayo, okanye i-peritoneum ene-peritoneal mesothelioma
- Okuphambili (Isigaba 2, 3, kunye no-4) - I-Mesothelioma ithathwa njengephambili xa isasazeka kwii- lymph nodes okanye ezinye izitho eziquka imiphunga
Unyango
Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu kunye nendawo yakho yokudla, kwaye xa sele isasazeka, ukhetho lwezokwelapha lungabandakanya:
- Ugqirha - Ukugqithwa kungathathwa ingqalelo, ingakumbi ukuba i-tumor ibanjwe ekuqaleni. Iintlobo zokuhlinzwa ziquka:
- I-Pleurectomy - Nge-pleurectomy, inxalenye yesikhalazo isuswa
- I-pneumonectomy eyongezelelweyo - Inxalenye yesilura isuswe, kunye nesahlulo se-pericardium (intsimbi ye-heart), isithintelo (umsila ohlukanisa isifuba nesisu) kunye nemiphunga
- I-Chemotherapy - Ukuhlanganiswa kwamachiza e-chemotherapy kwaye unyango olujoliswe kuyo lunokuphucula ukuphila.
- Ulwaphulo lwe-Radiation - Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation lusetyenziswe ngezinye iinkqubo njengonyango olulingathayo lwe- mesothelioma, unyango olungaphilisi umdlavuza, kodwa lunokukwenza ukhululeke ngakumbi. Ingasetyenziselwa emva kokuhlinzwa ukubulala nayiphi na iseli yomhlaza.
- Uvavanyo lweZliniki - Iimvavanyo eziliqela zeeklinikhi ziyaqhubeka, ukuvavanya iindlela ezintsha zokuphatha imethambolioma.
Ukujamelana
Ngaphezulu kwentliziyo, ukuxilongwa komhlaza kubangela ukuba abantu abaninzi abane-mesothelioma abanalo uxhasano lwengqondo nangokwengqondo ukuba abo banezinye izifo zomhlaza bafumane lula.
Ukongezelela, iimfazwe zemilisi-zomthetho ezinxulumene nokunyuka kwe-asbestos kwimisebenzi-ngangoko kunokukhenkcezwa ngokomzwelo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiqela lenkxaso , mhlawumbi ngokusebenzisa isikhungo sakho somhlaza, uluntu, okanye i-intanethi, kunokukunceda ukuba ungene kwi-maze yezokhetho zonyango, kwaye ufumane ukuxhamla nabanye abantu abahlala ne-mesothelioma.
Thintelo
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukukhusela i-mesothelioma kukusebenzisa izilumkiso ezifanelekileyo xa ukhangeleka kwi-asbestos emsebenzini. I-OSHA inemigangatho yokhuseleko lwe-asbestos kubantu abangabonakaliswa emsebenzini. Ukuba usebenza ne-asbestos, kubalulekile ukulandela ezi zikhokelo ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweentsapho zakho. Ukufakwa kwe-Asbestos emakhaya kaninzi ayinayo ingxaki ngaphandle kokuba ibonakaliswe okanye iphazanyiswe ngamaphulo okulungisa. Ukuba unokwakheka kwe-asbestos (amakhaya akhiwe ngaphambi kowe-1950) qinisekisa ukuba uqeshwe ikontraka eqinisekisiwe ekulawuleni i-asbestos ngaphambi kokuba uqale naziphi na iiprojekthi zokuphucula ekhaya.
Abanye abantu abaye bavezwa kwi-asbestos bangathanda ukujonga ukuhlolwa kwe-CT yomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngeli xesha, iziphakamiso zokuhlola zibandakanya kuphela abo bantu abaneminyaka engama-55 ukuya ku-74 abanomlando we-pack of year-30 wokutshaya. Nangona kunjalo uphando lubonisa ukuba abanye abantu abaye bavezwa kwi-asbestos banokuba ngumngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu wokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunokuba ababhemayo abanzima. Ukuba uye wavelelwa kwi-asbestos qiniseka ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nokuhlola umhlaza wamaphaphu .
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