I-mesothelium yimiqolo yesikhumba (iimbumba) ezizungeze kwaye zikhusele izitho zesifuba, isisu esiswini kunye neentsimbi.
Ulwakhiwo
Iiseli zeMesothelial ziqala njengama-mesoderm ngexesha lokuphuhliswa (imiphunga ivela kwi-endoderm) kwaye ibonakala idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni umphunga.
I-mesothelium iyahlula kwiindawo ezintathu eziphambili:
- I- pleura yilezi zibini ezibini ezenza umgca kumapapu. Oku, ngokwahlukileyo, kwahlula kwi-pleura ye-visceral elele ngqo kwimiphunga, kunye ne-parietal pleura, eyona ngqimba yangaphandle yomphunga.
- I-pericardium ibhekisela kwi-mesothelium eyenza i-lining entliziyweni kunye ne- mediastinum , indawo esesifubeni phakathi kwemiphunga.
- I-peritoneum ibandakanya iindawo ze-mesothelium ezityhila kwisisu esiswini. Lo mmandla uhlukaniswe ngamacandelwana amabini. I-visceral peritoneum igxininisa izitho zangaphakathi, kunye ne-parietal peritoneum, emigxeni yeendonga kunye neendonga ze-pelvic.
Umsebenzi
Kwakuye kwacingwa ukuba injongo yodwa ye-mesothelium yayikubonelela ngenjongo ekhuselekileyo, engekho yintsimbi ukuze ikhusele izitho zesifuba nesisu esiswini ngexesha lokunyakaza nokuphefumla.
Ngoku sifunda, okufana neetoni kunye ne-appendix, i-mesothelium ineminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo ngokunjalo, kwaye isebenza njenge membrane eshukumisayo kunokuba nje ngumda ovumela ukuhamba kakuhle.
Ezi ziquka:
- Ukuthuthwa kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nomba kwi-membrane ukusuka kwimimandla engaphandle yesifuba nesisu esiswini kwizitho zangaphakathi. Ekulawuleni le mi sebenzi, izicubu ze-mesothelial zingadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-homeostasis (ibhalansi) yomzimba.
- Coagulation (i-clotting blood)
- Ku philisa
- Umsebenzi we-immune - I-mesothelium ibonakala inendima ekhuselekileyo ekukhuseleni intsholongwane kunye nokusabalala kwezidumbu. Iimpawu ze-mesothelial ezibonakalayo zithengisa izinto ezisebenza ngokubhekisele kwiibhaktheriya, kubandakanywa nabanoxanduva lwesifo sofuba.
- Ukukhuselwa kwezidumbu - Iiseli ze-Mesothelial zibonakala zizinto ezikhuphayo ezivimbela ukukhula kweethambo zomzimba. Ezi zinto zibonakala zikhusela amandla omhlaza weeseli ukuba "zimbambe" kwi-mesothelium, kwaye kunjalo, ukunciphisa ukusasazeka okanye i-metastasis yezifo ezithile.
Iimeko Zonyango
I-Mesothelioma ngumhlobo womhlaza oqala kwi-mesothelium (kuyo nayiphina indawo apho i-mesothelium ikhona khona) Lo mhlaza udlalelekile kubantu abaye bavezwa kwi-asbestos ( bona izingozi ze-asbestos ,) kwaye uyaqhubeka nokwandisa kwiziganeko emhlabeni jikelele.
Iimpawu ze-mesothelioma zingabandakanya ukukhwehlela, ubunzima bokugwinya, ubuhlungu besisu kunye nokubethelwa, kunye nezinye iimpawu kuxhomekeke kwindawo yesikhumba. Inkqubo yokugada ebizwa ngokuba yi- pleurodesis (ukususwa kwe-pleura) ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa ukwenzela ukususa i-tumor, nangona i-prognosis ihlala ihlwempuzekile ngexesha lo mhlaza ufunyaniswa.
Ukuzibandakanya kuyinkxalabo eqhelekileyo yokuhlinzwa kwesisu.
Izicubu ezinobumba ezibandakanya i-mesothelioma kwisigxina somzimba zingenza iinqununu zezicubu, eziza kubamba umlenze kwaye zibangele. Iimpawu zokubambelela zivame ukubandezeleka esiswini, ukuchithwa kunye nokubetha. Xa ukuxhaswa kubumnene (kungabangela ukuphazamiseka okupheleleyo) abantu banokugula ngenxa yezihlungu ezingasigxina zesisu esiswini, ngakumbi emva kokutya ukutya okukhulu.
I-Fibrosis - Abaphandi okwangoku baphanda indima apho i-mesothelium yesigxina ingadlala kwi-fibrosis, ngakumbi iimeko ezifana ne- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis .
Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi okanye ukwakhiwa kwamanzi emzimbeni phakathi kweendawo zombini ze-pleura (i-mesothelium yesigxina) zithonywe izinto ezifihliwe ngamangqamuzana angama-mesothelial.
Imithombo:
Batra, H., noV. Antony. Iimpawu zeMesothelial ezibonakalayo kwiiNtsholongwane kunye neeLung. Umbhalo Wezifo Zesifo . 2015. 7 (6): 964-80.
Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Iinqununu zeHarrison zeMithi yoPhakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.
Kumar, Vinay, Abul K. Abbas, kunye noJon C. Aster. IiRobbins kunye neCotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. Philadelphia: Elsevier-Saunders, 2015. Print.
Mikula-Pietrasik, J., Uruski, P., Kucinska, M., Tykarski, A., no K. Ksiazek. Umsebenzi Wokukhusela wee-Mesothelial Cells Ukunyuka kwePeritoneal ye-Gastrointestinal Tumors: Indima ye-Soluble ICAM-1. I-International Journal ye-Biochemistry ne-Cell Biology . 2017. 86: 26-31.
Mutsaers, S., Prele, C., Pengelly, S., no-S. Herrick. I-Mesothelial Cells ne-Peritoneal Homeostasis. Ukhuseleko kunye nobuthathaka . 2016. 106 (5): 1018-1024.