Iyintoni intsingiselo ye-bronchorrhea kunye nantoni na izizathu ezinokwenzeka? Xa i-bronchorrhea ivela ngomhlaza wemiphunga okanye kwezinye iimeko zomphunga, zithini iinkonzo ezona zilungileyo kwaye zinokulawulwa njani iimpawu?
I-bronchorrhea ichazwa njengokwenziwa ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-mucus yamanzi emiphakeni, ekhokelela ekukhwehleleni okuvelisayo. Ukukhutshwa okuninzi kunomxholo ogqithiseleyo kune-phlegm eqhelekileyo, kwaye inkcazo yenzeka kuphela xa umntu ekhwehlela ubuncinane ama-teaspoons angama-20 e-mucus imihla ngemihla esuka kumaphaphu.
Iimpawu
I-bronchorrhea iyimpawu apho amaninzi amanqamzana amancinci atyunjwa kwimiphunga yomntu imihla ngemihla. Oku akukona nje umjelo omncinci kwaye ungabonakalisa uphawu olushukumisayo. Esi sibonakaliso siba sesona siphume kakhulu kusasa kwaye siphucula ngokuthe gqolo.
Esi sibonakaliso sinokubangela ukukhwehlela (ukususa umkhuhlane) kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane. Ekubeni ezininzi zeemeko ezibangela ukuba i-bronchorrhea ingabangela ukukhwehlela nokuphefumula, i-bronchorrhea ingabangela ukuba loo mpawu ibe yinto emangalisayo.
I-bronchorrhea ihluke kunokuba ikhuphe i-phlegm okanye i-sputum. Kucingelwa ukuba ngenxa yendlela yokuhamba nge-air "ekubeni engaxhamli" kwixinzelelo. Ngokungafani ne-hypersensitivity ye-airway eyenzeka nge-airway constriction efana ne-asthma, le mqathango ibangela "ukunyaniseka okungekho nto."
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-bronchorrhea kukuxilongwa klinikhi (yenziwe ngumlando kunye nomzimba wedwa) kwaye ichazwa njengemveliso engaphezu kwama-100 cc (ngaphezulu kwama-20 weetapuni) kwi-mucus imihla ngemihla.
Izizathu
Kukho izimbangela ezininzi ze-bronchorrhea, nangona ngokubulela kuyimeko engavamile. Izizathu ezinokwenzeka ziquka:
- Umdlavuza womlenze: Indlela yomhlaza wamaphaphu eyayibizwa ngokuba yi- mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) , iyona nto ibangela kakhulu ibronchorrhea. I-BAC sele ihlaziywa njengendlela ye- lung adenocarcinoma , kodwa ibangela ukuba le mithombo yokuxhalabisa abantu abaphila ngokutsha.
- I-bronchitis engapheliyo: I-bronchitis engapheliyo isifo sesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) esichazwe ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi.
- I-asthma, ingakumbi i-asthma eguquguqukayo: I -asthma ye-Cough-type variantal isifo se-asthma apho isibonakaliso sodwa kuphela ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
- Ezinye iziyobisi: Ukutyhefuza ngamakhemikhali aziwa yi-organophosphates (anticholineterase pesticides) yimbangela ebalulekileyo ye-bronchorrhea.
- Isifo sofuba
- I-Bronchiectasis: I- Bronchiectasis yindlela yeCOPD ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa zizifo zokuphefumula ebuntwaneni, okubangela ukuqokelela i-muscus kwi-airways ngenxa yokukhulisa nokuhlaziya i-airways.
Iingxaki
Nangona i-bronchorrhea yinkxalabo (nangona kaninzi idla ngokukhawuleza), inokubangela ukungaqhelekanga kwi-electrolytes yomzimba. Xa kunzima, kunokukhokelela ekukhuselweni kwe-airways kunye nokuphefumula okuphefumulayo.
Unyango olwenziwa kunye neCyrus Cancer
Unyango olungcono kakhulu lwe-bronchorrhea kukufumana nokuphatha isigxina esiyintloko, ingakumbi ngomhlaza wemiphunga.
Kulabo abanomphunga adenocarcinoma kunye ne-bronchorrhea, ngamanye amaxesha uphuculo oluphawulekayo kwaye luphawu oluphawulekayo luye lwaphawulwa ngokusebenzisa amayeza eTarceva (erlotinib) kunye ne-Iressa (gefitinib). Ezi zonyango zijolise ekuguquleni kwe-EGFR ekhoyo kwiminye imdlavuza yamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi imiphunga ye-lung adenocarcinomas, uhlobo lomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wesininzi.
Ngoku uvakalelwa kukuba wonke umntu ofumene unomphunga we-lung adenocarcinoma (kunye nomdlavuza wesifo somnxeba ongeyomncinci ngokubanzi) kufuneka abe nokuhlolwa kofuzo (ukucacisa i-molecular) ukujonga ukuba kukho ukuguqulwa (okujoliswe kuyo) ukuguqulwa kwe- EGFR , ukulungiswa kwe- ALK, ukulungiswa kwe- ROS1 , nabanye.
Xa i-bronchorrhea ivela ngokubambisana nobutyhefu (ngokuqhelekileyo ukuvezwa kwezilwanyana zepilisi) unyango lwe-poisoning lubaluleke kakhulu.
Izinyathelo ezahlukeneyo zonyango ziye zazama ukuzama ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-bronchorrhea. Ngoxa ezi zibonakala ngathi zinika ukuphucula okulinganayo, i-steroids kunye ne-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory inhalers okanye iklasi ye-antibiotics eyaziwa ngokuba yi-macrolide antibiotics inokuba yinzuzo ethile.
I-hormone octreotide eyenziwe ngumntu inokuba luncedo kwabanye abantu.
Okukwintsusa
I-bronchorrhea yimiqondiso engaqhelekanga apho inani elikhulu lokukhupha kwamanzi likhutshwe emiphakeni. Kungenzeka ngomhlaza wemiphunga, ngokukodwa iintlobo, kunye nezinye iimeko zemiphunga. Ekubeni i-lung adenocarcinoma ibonakala iyanda, ingakumbi kubantu abaselula abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunye nabantu abangazange bavume, mhlawumbi le nto iya kubakho.
Iimpawu zingaphathwa ngononophelo nge-steroid okanye nge-NSAID, kodwa inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke ukuphatha unyango lomhlaza.
> Imithombo:
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> Remi, C., Remi, J., kunye noC. Ulawulo lwe-Pharmacological of Bronchorrhea kwizifo ezibulalayo: UkuHlola kweeNkcukacha zoLwazi. I-Journal ye-Pain kunye neSimptom Management . 2016. 51 (5): 916-25.
> URubin, B., Priftis, K., Schmidt, H., noMnu Henke. Imfihlo yokungahambelani kunye ne-pulmonary mucus hypersecretion. Esifubeni . 2014. 146 (2): 496-507.
> Rogers, D. I-Physiology ye-secustion secret and secret pathophysiology ye-hypersecretion. Ukunyamekela . 2007. 52 (9): 1134-46.
> Thotahil, Z., noJ. Long. U-Erlotinib usebenza ngokubhekiselele kwi-bronchorrhea engummangalelwa ukusuka kumdlavuza ongasetyenzana wesifo somhlaza. Umbhalo we-Thoracic Oncology . 2007. 2 (9): 881-2.