Ukutya ii Tubes kunye ne-IV ekupheleni koBomi
Kuqhelekile kwaye kuyaqhelekileyo kwizigulane ezijongene nesifo esibulalayo ukufumana ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kunye nokunciphisa umdla wokutya okanye isiselo kunye nokulahleka kwesisindo. Njengoko ugula luqhubeka, izigulane ziyakwazi ukufumana ukutya okanye umbane ngomlomo okanye ziyakuthi zidle okanye zisele. Kungenzeka ukuba isigulane sele sigula ixesha kwaye sele ifumana ukutya okunomsoco kodwa ingafumani nto engcono.
Kukho nawuphi na umbuzo, umbuzo wokuba unqande okanye uhoxise isondlo sokufakelwa komzimba. Oku kunokuba yimbangela yokunciphisa nokukhathazeka kubafundi abathandekayo kunye nabanonophelo.
Ukutya okunomsoco ukuhanjiswa kwenkxaso yesondlo ngesimo esingafuneki isigulane ukuba sihlafune kwaye sigqibe. Oku kunokwenziwa ngesondlo se-parenteral ngokupheleleyo (TPN) okanye nge-tube nasogastric (NG tube) okanye kwi- tube gastrostomy (i-G-tube okanye i-PEG tube).
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukulahleka kwesondlo kunye nokunciphisa intlawulo yomlomo kunye nokutya kwamanzi kunye nokuphela kobomi. Ezinye izizathu ziguqulwa, ezifana nokuqhawuka, isicathulo , kunye nentlungu . Ezinye izizathu ezingenakuphathwa ngempumelelo, ezifana neengqimba ezithile, iimeko eziguqulwayo, kunye nobuthathaka bemisipha eyimfuneko yokutya. Izizathu ezibuyiselwayo kufuneka zichongwe ngugqirha wesigulane kwaye ziqwalaselwe. Ukuba isizathu singaziwa okanye singaphathwa, isigqibo sokuba unqande okanye uhoxise inkxaso kungadinga ukuba kwenziwe.
Ukwenza isigqibo sokubamba okanye ukurhoxisa ukutya okunomsoco kunye nokwenza i-hydration kuphakamisa ingqondo, iingxabano kunye neengqondo kubantu abaninzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo luncedo abantu abajongene nesigqibo esinzima ukuqonda ukuba yintoni isayensi kunye namayeza afumene ngokuphathelele ukutya okunomsoco kunye ne-hydration ekupheleni kobomi.
Iinzuzo kunye Neengozi zokutya okunomsoco kunye ne-Hydration
Kwimimandla yethu kunye nenkcubeko, ukutya kunye nezixhobo zamanzi zibhekwa njengento ebalulekileyo ukuze kugcinwe ubomi kunye nokukhawuleza ukuphulukisa nokuphulukana nokugula. Ichasene nemilinganiselo yabantu ekuthintela ukutya kunye nezikhuhlane kumntu ogulayo okanye ogulayo. Kodwa sonke siyazi ukuba ulwazi lunamandla. Njengoko naluphi na isigqibo sonyango ojamelene nayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda iingenelo zengozi. Ingaba uncedo olungumsebenzi wokuncedisa umguli ogulayo? Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni uphando olwenziwe ngonyango olusenokuthi:
- Isisondlo seParenteral esisisigxina - I- TPN yindlela engapheleleyo yokutya okunokusetyenziswa kuphela ngexesha elifutshane. Ikhutshwa ngomgca ophakathi, oqhelekileyo ufakwe entanyeni okanye ekugqibeleni kwaye uthungulwe ngethambo apho iphelela khona ngentliziyo. Kwakuye kwacingelwa ukuba izigulane ezinomdlavuza zinokuzuza kwi-TPN. Ithemba liwukuthi likwazi ukuguqula ukulahleka kwesondlo kunye nokulahleka okunzima kwesigulo sokuba izigulane zomhlaza zihlupheke kwaye ziphuculwe. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluninzi lufumene ukuba aluzange luncedise izigulane zomhlaza ukuba zithinte ubunzima okanye zingaphucule umgangatho wobomi. Ngokuchasene noko, ngokwenene kwandisa ingozi yezifo kunye neengxaki zomgca ophakathi kwingozi ezigulane.
- I-Nasogastric (NG) Iibhubhu - Kwizigulane ezingenako ukugwinya, nokuba zibangelwa ziimvumi ezingenayo, ubuthathaka, okanye iingxaki ze-neurological, ukondla ngokusebenzisa ityhubhu kuye kwaba ngumgangatho osetyenziswayo wokutya. I-tube yogcino yindlela elula yokuphumeza oku. Ityhubhu ifakwe kwimpumlo kwaye iphantsi komqala kwisisu. Ifomula yokutya yamanzi ifakwe kwiphubhu ngokuqhubekayo kwinqanaba elincinci okanye ngamaxesha amaninzi ngosuku nge dosi enkulu. Njengoko kunjalo, i-TPN, izifundo ezininzi zonyango ziye zabonisa ukuba izinga lokusinda kwezigulane ezigulayo azifaniyo xa zondliwa ngokwemveliso kunokuba zingekho. Kwakhona, izingozi ziyingozi. Izigulane ezine-tub tub ze-NG zinomngcipheko ophezulu we-pneumonia ongaphantsi kakhulu. Iibhubhu ze-NG nazo zinokukhishwa kalula, zibangela ukuxakeka kokubili isigulane kunye nabathandekayo babo.
- I-Gastrostomy (G) Iibhubhu - I-tube ye-gastrostomy enye efakwe ngqo kwisisu ngenkqubo yokuhlinzwa. I-endoscopic gastrostomy, okanye ityhubhu ye-PEG, yenziwa endoscopically kwaye ingenakuncipha. Ngomnye wale mibhobho, kunomngcipheko omncinci wesigulana esitsala ityhubhu. Kukho umngcipheko we-pneumonia, nangona kunjalo. Njenga-tube yogxobhozo, kukho ubungqina obuncinane bokuthi ukutyisa nge-tube gastrostomy kuya kwandisa impilo okanye ixesha lokuphila kwezigulane ezigulayo.
- Intravenous (IV) Hydration - Ukuba isiguli singasayi kuphinda siphuze okanye siphuza oko abathandayo abanokucinga ukuba kunokwaneleyo, umnakekeli angalingeka ukuba acele i-IV fluid. Iifluids ziyakwazi ukuhanjiswa ngenaliti encinci efakwe kwi-vein kwaye ifakwe kwi-tubing. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukulawula izigulana kwisigulane esiphela isigxina ekupheleni kobomi kunika into encinci, ukuba kukho nayiphi na inzuzo. Izingozi ziquka ukusuleleka kwisayithi yokufakelwa okanye kwigazi, kunye nokugqithiswa kwamanzi okugqithiseleyo okubangelwa ukuvuvukala okanye iingxaki zokuphefumula kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.
Oluthe xaxa kwiNjala kunye noThuthi ekupheleni koBomi
Imithombo:
20 Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo Ekupheleni koKhathalelo loBomi. B. Kinzbrunner, N.Weinreb, J. Policzer
I-HPNA Policy Statement Ukutya okunomsoco kunye ne-Hydration ekupheleni koKhathalelo loBomi