Iindlela ezili-6 zokuphatha i-brronchitis engapheliyo

Izenzo, iipilisi kunye ne-physio ezikunceda ukulawula iimpawu

I-bronchitis engapheliyo iyinkxalabo yesifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwesifo se-pulmonary (COPD) . Kuchazwa kliniki njengengqungquthela eyenza i- sputum imihla ngemihla kwiinyanga ezintathu ngokulandelana ngelixa lenzeke ubuncinane iminyaka emibini elandelanayo.

I-COPD ngoku ibangela yesithathu yokubangela ukufa kwabantu base-US Ezinye iifom ziquka i- emphysema kunye ne- bronchiectasis . Nangona umsi iyona nto ibangela kakhulu i-COPD, ukuchazwa komsi wesithandi, ukungcola, okanye ezinye izinto ezivuthayo zomoya zingabangela le meko.

I-bronchitis engapheliyo ihluke kwi-bronchitis enamandla, ekugqibeleni kwayo yimeko esesigxina ebangela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwendalo. I-bronchitis engapheliyo, ngokuchaseneyo, isifo esisigxina esibangelwa ngumonakalo ongaphazamisekiyo wemiphunga.

Ukuba ufumene ukuba unesifo esingenasifo somhlaza, ugqirha wakho ngokuqhelekileyo uchaza ezinye okanye zonke ezi zikhetho zonyango ezilandelayo:

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Ukuyeka ukutshaya

Ukuyeka ukutshaya kuyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu, inxalenye yokwelapha i-bronchitis engapheliyo.

Ukubhema kubangelwa into ebizwa ngokuthi i-bronchoconstriction eyenza i-paralyzes iincinci ezincinci (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-cilia) ezihamba ngomoya. Ngelo xesha, ukuvuvukala okubangelwa yi-cigarettes kubangela ukugqithiswa kwe-mucus. Ngenxa yokuba i-cilia ibalulekile ekususeni izinto ezisuka kumaphaphu, umonakalo obangelwa ukutshaya kubangele ukuqokelela i-mucus kunye nokuthintela umoya kwimiphophu.

Abokubhema nabo banokungenwa nokutheleleka kwezifo, eziqhelekileyo kubantu abaneCOPD.

Nangona uhlala kwizigaba ezilandelayo zeCOPD, akukaze kube mva ukuyeka. Akugcini nje ukuyeka ukuncedwa kwesifo sokuphucula isifo, ukunyuka kweempilo kunyuke nje xa ixesha lihamba. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu ze-dyspnea (ukuphefumula okufutshane) ziya kunciphisa kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezi-9 zokuyeka.

Kukho inani leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunqanda ukutshaya kwezixhobo ezikhoyo namhlanje, ezininzi zazo ezigqutywe yi-inshurensi.

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Bronchodilators

I-brronchodilators inokunceda ukususa imfihlelo yamabhanki ngenkqubela i- bronchospasm kunye nokunciphisa ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi. Ngokwenza njalo, i-oksijini engakumbi ihanjiswa kwimiphunga nokuphefumula kuphuculwe.

Ukusindisa inhalers , equkethe i-bronchodilators emfutshane efana neproventil (albuterol), inokunceda abantu abane-bronchitis engapheliyo ukulawula iimpawu zesifo. Ezi zonyango ziyinxalenye yomgangatho wokunyamekela kuzo zonke izigaba zeCOPD.

I-Albuterol iyilisi ye-beta-agonist-class that helps your muscles around your airways. Ngokungafani ne -inhalers esebenza ixesha elide, i-inhalers yokuhlangula isetyenziselwa ukuphatha iziganeko ezinokuphefumula okufutshane kunye ne-bronchospasm.

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Glucocorticoids

Xa umntu engaphenduli kwonyango olongezelelayo, i-glucocorticoids (iklasi ye-steroids) inokumiselwa njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sonyango. I-Glucocorticoids yaziwa ngokuba neenzuzo ezininzi ekuphatheni imeko kodwa idibene neengozi ezininzi , ngokunjalo.

Nangona unyango kunye ne-glucocorticoids lugqithwa njengengxabano, i-Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) uncoma ukusebenzisa kwabo kwifom evulekileyo xa umntu efikile kwiSigaba III COPD kwaye ejongene nokunyuka kwexesha.

I-galcocorticoids yomlomo ingasetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-COPD xa iimpawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza. I-steroid ye-inhaled isetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ezinqamlekileyo okanye xa iimpawu zihamba ngokunyuka.

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I-Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors

I-Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) i-inhibitors yiklasi leziyobisi ezithatha ukuvutha okuhambisana neCOPD. Imithi yomlomo yakuba yimihla ngemihla, i-PDE4 inhibitors inceda ukunciphisa ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD kunye nemiphumo emibi engaphantsi.

Amachiza asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwamanzi kubantu abangaxhatshazwayo kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo. Ngokwenza njalo, i-muscus encinane iveliswa, okubangelwa ukuqokelela okuncinci kunye nokuphazamiseka kweendinyana zomoya.

I-Daliresp (i-roflumilast) yiyona kuphela i-PDE4 inhibitor njengamanje ivunyiwe eMelika. Iimpembelelo eziphambili ze-PDE4 inhibitors ziquka isifo sohudo, isicarucu, kunye neentloko.

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I-Chest Physiotherapy kunye ne-Postural Draining

I-physiotherapy yesifuba, ebizwa ngokuba yi-chest percussion, yinkqubo equka ukubetha esifubeni kunye / okanye ukubuyela ekuncedeni ukukhulula i-muscus kwaye kwenze kube lula ukukhwehlela. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziselwa umjelo osemva kwendawo kwaye ungenziwa ngokusetyenziswa ngezandla ezityiweyo okanye idivaysi yokucima umbane.

Ngokwahlukileyo, imithombo yamanzi yindlela yokusebenzisa amandla adonselayo ukuze incedise ukususwa kwe-mucus kwi-airways. Bobabini i-physiotherapy esifubeni kunye nomsebenzi wamanzi othungelwano emva kwenkqubo yokunyanga kwe-bronchodilator.

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Izixhobo zokuCima iAwayway

Iifowuni zokukhutshwa kwe-Airway zisetyenziselwa ngokubambisana ne-chest yonyango kunye nemigxobhozo yangasemva ukuze uqinisekise kangcono ukukhutshwa kwe-mucus emiphakeni. Izixhobo ziboniswe ukuphucula kakhulu iziphumo xa ziqhathaniswa ne-physiotherapy kunye nomjelo wedwa. Konke kuzo zonke, zithengeka kwaye zilula ukuyisebenzisa.

Khetha ziquka:

• uxinzelelo oluphefumlelweyo lokuphefumula (PEP) izixhobo oziphefumlayo ekunyanzelekeni komoya
• Izixhobo eziphazamisayo eziphezulu, ezifana ne- Flutter Mucus Clearance Device kunye neComputer ye - Acapella Vibratory PEP esebenzisa ngokufudumala iindledlana ezincinane
• I-Lung Flute , isicatshulwa ngesandla esenza amaza omsindo aphantsi kwi-airways

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