I-brronchitis ibangelwa ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchi, zeziphi iindinyana ezihamba ngomoya xa uphefumula nangaphandle.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elifutshane le-bronchi, elichazwa njenge -bronchitis eliqatha , lidla ngokubangela ukusuleleka. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide le-bronchi, echazwa njenge- bronchitis engapheliyo , kubangelwa ukuvuvukala okuphindaphindiweyo kwe-bronchi, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokutshaya okanye ezinye izibilini ezingabonakaliyo.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo
Ukuvuvukala kwe-bronchitis eyingozi kunye engapheliyo kuvimbela umoya ukuba ungene ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemiphunga. Umoya kufuneka uhambe nge-bronchi ngaphambi kokuba ufike kwimipompa. Nge-bronchitis, ezi ndinyana azicaci kwaye zibanzi njengoko zifaneleke. Endaweni yoko, i-bronchi igcwala izinto ezivuzayo, eziqulathe ngokuyinxalenye yentsebenziswano yamaseli omzimba kunye ne-muscus.
Isizathu sokubangela ukuba abantu abane-bronchitis bafumane ukuphefumula nokuphefumula. Ukukhwehlela ngumzamo womzimba wokuzikhupha ukuvuvukala kunye ne-mucus kunye neengcikivo kwinkqubo yokuphefumula. Unciphisa i-oxygen ukuhambisa emzimbeni, kwaye unciphise amandla, landela.
I-bronchitis enobuchule kwaye engapheliyo ibonakala ngokuvuvukala okuphazamisa ukuhamba kweengcingo. Izibangela ezibangela ukuvuvukala zihluke kwi-bronchitis enobuhlungu kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo.
Bronchitis ecacileyo
I-bronchitis eqhelekileyo ibangelwa yintsholongwane ebandakanya i-bronchi. Ezizona ziqhelekileyo ziyi-virus kunye neentsholongwane zebhaktheriya. Izifo zentsholongwane zenkqubo yokuphefumula zingabangela ukuba i-bronchitis enamandla.
Ezi zenzeke ukuba unesifo esithe sitshatyalaliswayo, ukuba unesifo esipheleleyo kwisithuba esifutshane, okanye ukuba isistim somzimba sakho sikhathathaka.
Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho ncazelo ecacileyo yokuba kutheni ukusuleleka kukuphefumula kubandakanya i-bronchi, kwaye ukuba ne-bronchitis enzima ayithethi ukuba isistim somzimba sakho siphelile.
I-bronchitis echanekileyo inokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba unomntu ongatshatanga okanye ongaphantsi kwexesha elifutshane ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto ezingqongileyo, ezinjengeemfucu okanye iikhemikhali ezinokubangela ukuphendula okuvuthayo.
Bronchitis engapheliyo
I-bronchitis engapheliyo iqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-bronchi yonakaliswe xa ikhutshwe kwiikhemikhali ezikhuselweyo ngenxa yokuba iikhemikhali zidinga ukuhamba nge-bronchi. Oku kuvelisa ukuphendula okuvuthayo kwe-bronchi. Ukuvuvukala kuyaqhubeka kwaye kwakha phezu kwexesha, kubangele ubukho obuqhubekayo be-muscus, iiseli ezivuthayo, kunye nokunciphisa okanye ukuqina.
Ukutshaya, okucaphukisa i-bronchi, yiyona nto ibangelwa yi-bronchitis engapheliyo, kodwa ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide kwezinye i-inhalants kunokubangela. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaphefumula ngethefu emisebenzini banokuhlakulela i-bronchitis engapheliyo.
I-bronchitis eqhelekileyo ayicingi ukuba ibangele i-bronchitis engapheliyo. Ukuba unesifo esingapheliyo, unakho ukufumana ama-bronchitis aphezulu xa unesifo sokuphefumula. Ukuba unesifo esingapheliyo se-bronchitis, iziqendu zakho ze-bronchitis ezinokuthi zihlala ixesha elide kunokuba ziza kwenzeka ukuba ungenayo i-bronchitis engapheliyo.
Imiphumo emfutshane ye-bronchitis enokubangela ukuba iimpawu ze-bronchitis ezingapheliyo zibuhlungu kakhulu, ngokukhwehlela okubi kakhulu, ukuvuthwa kancinci kunye nesifuba.
Genetics
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-bronchitis ayithathwa njengesimo somfuzo, nangona kukho kubonakala kunobuthakathaka obunobunzima bokuvelisa ukuvelisa i-bronchitis. I-bronchitis engapheliyo, ngokukodwa, ibonakala iqhutywa kwiintsapho.
Akwacaci ukuba oku kuhambelana nemibandela yokuphila ekwabelwanayo, ukunyanzeliswa kokusingqongileyo , okanye ukuzalwa okuza kuzalwa kwi-bronchitis. Izifundo ezininzi ziye zazama ukufumanisa izifo ezimalunga nale miqathango, kodwa akukho mpendulo ecacileyo ngokuphathelele umzekelo othile wegeni okanye ifa le-bronchitis.
I-Cardiovascular
Kukho imiphumo ye-cardiovascular of bronchitis. Isifo se-Cardiovascular does not cause bronchitis ukuphuhlisa. Izimo zee-cardiovascular ezinxulumene nokuphefumula okufutshane, ezifana nokuhluleka kwentliziyo , kunokukwenza iimpawu ze-bronchitis engapheliyo, kunye ne-bronchitis enamandla, ukukhubaza ngakumbi.
Izifo ezibangelwa yiComitital yintliziyo okanye inkqubo yepulmoni, ngokunjalo, ziyakwezakala ezinye zeempawu ze-bronchitis ukuba i-bronchitis ivela kwezinye izizathu.
Izinto zokuPhila kweengozi
Kukho iinkalo ezininzi zokuphila ezifaka isandla kwi-bronchitis engapheliyo. Ngenxa yokuba amathuba akho okufumana i-bronchitis enyukayo enyukayo xa unesifo esingapheliyo sesifo, iimeko zokuphila ezidlulele kwi-bronchitis engapheliyo zihambelana ngqo ne-bronchitis enzima.
I-bronchitis engapheliyo ihambelana kakhulu neendlela zokuphila. Ukugqithiswa kwexesha elide kwiimpawu ezivuthayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngamabomu okanye ngenxa yemeko, yinto ebalulekileyo yengozi.
- Ukutshaya: Ukubhema kuyimbangela ebangela ukuba i-bronchitis engapheliyo. Iicigarettes zisengumkhiqizo ovame ukubhema, kodwa iipayipi kunye nezinye izixhobo ezingabonakaliyo kunye nezixhobo apho abantu bashunqayo nabo banokubangela ukuphendula okungapheliyo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwesicatshulwa, nokuba ngaba itekisi okanye nayiphi na into ebonakalayo, ibangela umonakalo kwi-bronchi, ukuvuvukala, ukuvumba kwe-mucus kunye nokukhutshwa.
- Ama-inhalants: Amachiza aqhelekileyo kwaye ahlala esondeleyo kwiimveliso zamakhemikhali ezikhuselekileyo emoyeni zingabangela i-bronchitis. Oku kubonakala ngokuqhelekileyo kwisimo somsebenzi. Abantu abanokuthi bavelele kwiifumu ezinjalo bayacetyiswa ukuba bagqoke iigesi zokukhusela ukunciphisa izingozi. Ewe, ukufikelela kweemali kwijelo ezinjalo kunye nokuqinisekiswa komgangatho weengubo zokukhusela kulula ukufumana abo banezibonelelo.
- Ucoceko: Ukubonakaliswa kokungcola , ngokungafani nokutyalwa kweempawu zokungcola ngokusondeleyo, kuthinta abantu abahlala kwiindawo eziphezulu zokungcola. Oku kunxulumene neekhemikhali kwiifeksi ezikufuphi, imfucumfucu yemoto, izinto zokungcola, okanye ezinye izinto ezichanekileyo.
- Ummandla wendawo: Iingcaphephe ezithile zibonisa ukuba abantu abahlala kwimimandla yasezidolophini banako ukufakwa esibhedlele ngenxa ye-bronchitis. Nangona oku kungenani ubunxulumene nokufikelela kwiinkonzo zezempilo kwiidolophini zasezidolophini, kubonakala ukuba izicwangciso zasezidolophini ngokwabo zingabangela ukuba abantu babe mngcipheko ophezulu we-bronchitis ngenxa yokungabikho komzimba.
Bronchitis
- Ucoceko: Amathuba okugula nge-bronchitis enyukayo xa unyuswa kwiibhaktheriya okanye iintsholongwane ezibangelwa izifo zokuphefumula. Ngethuba sonke sichazwe kule ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo rhoqo, amanyathelo afana nokuhlamba izandla kunye nokuphepha ukuhlaselwa kwamanzi ekuphefumlweni kwabanye abantu ukukhwehlela nokunyunyuza kunokunciphisa amathuba akho okufumana isifo sokuphefumula esiqhubela phambili ukuba sibe yi-bronchitis. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba unayo i-bronchitis engapheliyo, njengokuba i-bronchitis enobuchopho ingaba nzima kunomntu onesifo esingapheliyo.
> Imithombo:
> Bai L, Su X, Zhao D. Ukuboniswa kokungcola komoya kunye ne-bronchitis ebonakalayo ebantwaneni: ixesha kunye nobudala njengama-modifiers. J Epidemiol weMpilo yoMphakathi. Ngo-2018 ngoMeyi; 72 (5): 426-433. i-doi: 10.1136 / i-jech-2017-209948. Epub 2018 Feb
> Raju SV, uTate JH, Peacock SK. Impact ye-heterozygote i-CFTR iinguqu kwizigulane zeCOPD ezine-bronchitis engapheliyo. Res Res Res. 2014 Feb 11; 15: 18. i-doi: 10.1186 / 1465-9921-15-18.