Ukuba ufumene ukuba ukhona neCOPD , mhlawumbi unemibuzo eninzi ugqirha wakho malunga nesifo. Yintoni ebangela ukuba Kuphathwa njani? Yintoni oya kuyenza? Uluhlu lunokubonakala luphela. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba yiyiphi imibuzo ekumele uyibuze, qwalasela uluhlu olulandelayo lwemibuzo ethile (kunye neempendulo) onokuxoxa ngazo kunye nodokotela wakho ngexesha lokuqokwa okulandelayo.
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Yintoni iCOPD?Xa ubuza lo mbuzo, unokufunda ukuba i-COPD ayisigxina, kodwa inokukhuselwa kunye nesifo se-lung lungaphazamisa nezinye iisistim zomzimba wakho.
Esi sifo siphuthuka, nto leyo ithetha ukuba ngokugqithiseleyo ihamba ngakumbi ngaphezu kwexesha. Kuza kubekho, akukho zonyango ezibonakaliswa ukwandisa ukusinda kwiCOPD.
Izifundo zibonisa ukuba kuphela ukuyeka ukutshaya, unyango lwe-oksijini (elisetyenziselwa iiyure ezili-15 okanye ngaphezulu ngosuku) kunye nokuvuselelwa kwamapulmoni kunokunciphisa intuthuko yeCOPD.
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Yintoni eyenza iCOPD?Nangona ukutshaya yimbangela enye yeCOPD , ugqirha wakho uya kuchazela ukuba kukho ezinye iingozi zokuqwalasela kwakhona. Ezinye zezinto ezinobungozi ziqhelekileyo, ngelixa ezinye aziqhelekanga.
Ukuqonda iziganeko zengozi yesi sifo kunokunceda ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nokunyango okukhawuleza ekubeni izigulane eziyazi ukuba ingozi ingabaza iimpawu zabo zeCOPD ngaphambi kokuba zifumaneke.
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Ndingayenza njani i-COPD Xa ndingakaze ndibheke?Ngokuchasene nenkolelo eninzi, ukutshaya akuyona yodwa imbangela yeCOPD . Ugqirha wakho uya kuqinisekisa ukuba abatshitshisiyo banako ukuhlakulela isifo. Enyanisweni, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba phantse ama-25 ekhulwini abo bafunyaniswa ukuba baneCOPD abazange bavume.
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Yintoni I-Prognosis?Nangona kungekho mntu unokuchaza ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokuphila kwakho emva kokuxilongwa kweCOPD, ukugxekwa kwesi sifo kuxhomekeka kwizinto eziliqela-kubaluleke kakhulu, nokuba ungasitshisi okanye awuyi kushunya.
Ukuba uqhubeka utshaya emva kokuxilongwa kwakho, umsebenzi wakho wemiphunga uya kuncipha ngokukhawuleza kwaye isifo siya kuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kunokuba usenokuyeka ngokupheleleyo. Ezinye izinto ezinxulumene nokulinda kwexesha le-COPD lizinga lakho lokuvinjelwa kwamanzi , izinga lakho le-dyspnea , i-index ye-mass body (BMI) kunye nokunyamezela kwakho .
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Kutheni Ndifanele Ndiyeke Ukutshaya Ukuba Ndifumene I-COPD?Usenokuzibuza ukuba kutheni ufanele ukuyeka ukutshaya xa usuqhumbile amashumi eminyaka kwaye umonakalo kwimiphunga yakho sele isenziwe.
Iingcali zezokwelapha ziyavuma, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuyeka ulayini lokuqala lweCOPD. Enyanisweni, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba ukukhubazeka komsebenzi emva kokuyeka ukutshaya kubonakala ngokuqhelekileyo, kunciphisa ngesantya esifanayo nanjengomnye umntu wesini esifanayo, ubudala, ubude kunye nobunzima.
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Ziziphi iziphumo zovavanyo lwami lwe-Spirometry?I-Spirometry yinto yokusebenza kwepmonta eyenziwa ukuxilonga i-COPD kwaye inqume ubunzima bayo. Ngokufanelekileyo, ugqirha wakho kufuneka achaze ngokucacileyo iziphumo kuwe ngendlela ongayiqonda ngayo. Ngelishwa, oku akusoloko kwenzeka.
Kukho imilinganiselo emithathu elinganiselwe kwi-spirometry ebaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa kweCOPD: amandla akho enyanzelekileyo (FVC), umqulu wakho ophefumlelweyo ophefumlelweyo kwisibini enye (FEV1) kunye nomlinganiselo we-FEV1 yakho kwi-FVC yakho ( FEV1 / FVC ). Ukubeka esweni iziphumo zakho emva kwexesha kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba acinge ukuba i-COPD yakho iphucula, ihlala enye, okanye ihamba phambili.
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Ndiyiphi inqanaba elinguye?Ngokwe-Global Initiative ye-Lung Dungase, i-COPD yahlula zibe zigaba ezine: i- mild , imodareythi , inzima kwaye inzima kakhulu . Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa iziphumo zakho ze-spirometry ukufumana ukuba yeyiphi na isigaba semeko oyiyo.
Sekunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni na isigaba sakho sokuxilongwa ngokusemthethweni, isifo sithinta wonke umntu ngokungafaniyo. Uvakalelwa kakuhle kwaye unomsebenzi onokukunyamezela uncike kwizinto eziliqela, kubandakanywa nokuba awuqhubeki ukutshaya, ingaba usebenze kangakanani na uhlobo lokutya odlayo.
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Ngaba Ndiza Kufuneka Ndibe Oxygen?Akunabo bonke abaneCOPD abafuna i-oxygen eyongezelelweyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kulinganisa umlinganiselo we-oksijini egazini lakho ngokuthatha igazi kwi-artery kwisandla sakho kwaye uyithumele ebhodini yokuhlalutya, okanye ngokusebenzisa isicingo esibizwa ngokuba yi-pulse oximeter.
Injongo jikelele yokunyangwa kweCOPD kukugcina izinga lakho lokugcwalisa oksijini ngaphaya kwama-88 ekhulwini. Ukuba ngokuqhubekayo kwehla ngaphantsi kwesi sigqibo, ugqirha unokuncoma ukuba uqale unyango lwe-oxygen.
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Ndingawuthintela Njani Izifo Zanga Ekuhlaleni?Buza ugqirha wakho into onokuyenza ukuze igcine isifo sakho singabi nakwehla. Njengoko sathetha ngaphambili, ukuyeka ukutshaya yinkalo yokuqala xa utshaya. Kodwa, ukuyeka ukutshaya kuyisinyathelo sokuqala kuphela. Ukubandakanya ezinye iinguqu ezibalulekileyo zokuphila kubalulekile.
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Ngaba Unyango Oluya Kukunceda Ngiphile Ngomude kwaye Ndiziva Ndizilungele?Ukungenelela kwindlela yokuphanda kuyinkqubo yeqela elincinci lezigulane ezihlangabezana nemigqaliselo ekhethekileyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zokuhlinzwa kwemiphunga ugqirha wakho unokuxoxa nawe emva kokuba iimpawu zakho zinzima ngokwaneleyo kwaye ufikelele kwizigaba eziphambili kakhulu zesifo: u-bullectomy, ukuphuculwa kwevolumu yokunciphisa ivolumu kunye nokufakelwa kwemiphunga .
Ukuba nokufakelwa kwemiphunga kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwaye kukuvumela ukuba wenze imisebenzi emininzi, kodwa ukufakelwa kwemiphunga akukabonakali ukwandisa ixesha elide lokuhlala (iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu) kwiCOPD. Ngokwahlukileyo, iirhafu zokusinda kwexesha elifutshane kwizigulane zeCOPD ezithatha ukuhambisa imiphunga zikwimiba engama-80 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-90 ekhulwini kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuphucula.
Umthombo:
Aziz F et al. Ukutshintshwa kwe-Lung kwizigulane ezingapheliyo eziphazamisayo izifo ze-pulmonary (COPD) izigulane: ukuhlaziywa okufutshane. Umbhalo Wezifo Zesifo. Vol. 2, uNombolo 2 (Juni 2010).