Xa wena okanye othandekayo ufumaneka ukuba unesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD), into eyinyani kukuba ubomi buya kutshintsha. Iimpawu zesifo zichaphazela yonke indawo yesigulane ubomi, kuquka ukukwazi ukusebenza kunye nolonwabo kwimisebenzi yoluntu. Ukuba ungumhlobo, ilungu lentsapho, okanye umgcini womntu ono-COPD, ukuqonda ubungakanani bemingcele eyenziwe sisifo kwaye ukwazi ukuba unokwenza ntoni ukuze uncede zixhobo ezixabisekileyo zokuba nekhompyutha yakho ye-COPD.
Ukuba ukhathalele umntu oza kufikelela ekupheleni kobomi bakhe, kukho neminye imiba engakumbi yokuqwalasela.
Indlela yokunceda
Nazi ezinye iindlela onokumnceda wakho umthandayo kunye neCOPD uzive engcono kwaye aphile umgangatho ophezulu wobomi.
Ukuxhasa ukuCima ukuTsha
Ukutshaya umkhwa wesigareyi yinto yokuqala ephambili kumntu onomdla weCOPD kunye neyona ndlela yezona ndlela zingcono zokunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo. Nazi izicwangciso ezimbalwa zokuncedisa umthandi wakho ukuyeka:
- Ukuba ubhema, musa ukutshaya ngaphakathi kwendlu okanye naphi na kufuphi nomthandayo. Umsi wesibini ubangela umonakalo owongezelelekileyo wamaphaphu kwaye unomdla wokudambisa i-COPD. Ukongezelela, xa umntu ezama ukuyeka ukutshaya, akukho nto iyanciphisa isisombululo sakhe sokuyeka ngaphezulu kunevumba lomntu okhanyayo. Ukuba ufuna ukutshaya, yenza njalo ngaphandle xa wakho umthandayo engekho.
- Susa yonke into ehambelana nokutshaya kumbono wakho omthandayo. Oku kubandakanya ugwayi, i-ashtrays, kunye ne-lighters.
- Mphazamise ngenye indlela, imisebenzi enempilo xa kuvela ukukhanga. Zama umdlalo webhodi, ukusilalisa, okanye ukuhamba epakini.
- Gcina izitya ze-candy zizaliswe ngokutya okuncinciweyo ukuze ziphephe ezo zifiso ezixakisayo.
Gwema iiMveliso eziMnandi
Imveliso enobuhle equlethe iziqholo ezinzima, njengamakha, iinwele, iinwele, kunye ne-after-shaves, ukukhupha izitho ezivuthayo ezinokuthi zikhubekise umoya wakho omthandayo, okwenza iimpawu zeCOPD zibe zimbi.
Xa uhamba nomntu obathandayo, kukulungele ukuya kwi-nature.
Ngokufanayo, iifom ezivela kwiikhemikhali ezinobungozi zingonakalisa i-COPD kunye neempawu ezimbi. Sebenzisa kuphela iimveliso zokucoca ezingekho netyhefu xa uhlamba ikhaya lakho, kwaye ungakulibala ukubonelela ngokomoya.
Yazi Oko Ukwenza Ngethuba Lokuphulukana Nezoxinzelelo
Ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD yeso sizathu esisodwa sokuba abantu abaneCOPD bafune unyango lwangxamisekileyo kwaye bangeniswa esibhedlele. Ukugqithiseleka kweCOPD kudla ngokuhamba kunye neempawu ezinzima njengokuphefumula, okubizwa ngokuba yi- dyspnea , kunye nokukhwehlela. Gcina uluhlu lweenkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano oluphuthumayo kwifowuni uze uqiniseke ukuba uyazi indlela yokuqwalasela ingxamiseko ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Kungakunceda ukuthetha nodokotela wakho omthandayo malunga noko kufuneka ukhangele.
Khuthaza rhoqo ukuzivocavoca
Abantu abaneCOPD baya kuziva bebe bhetele-kwaye bahlale benamandla-kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo . Ukuba iimpawu zeCOPD zenza kube nzima ukwenza umsebenzi, khuthaza indlela yokusebenzisa oku kuquka ukuqala ngokuthe ngcembe : 3 ukuya kwemizuzu emihlanu ngexesha ngamaxesha amaninzi ngemini, usebenza ixesha elide. Ewe, ukhuthazo olungcono kakhulu onokukunceda umntu wakho omthandayo kukusebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo kunye naye.
Lungiselela ukutya okunempilo kunye nokutya
Abantu abaneCOPD badinga ukutya okunempilo, okunokulinganisela ukugcina amandla okwaneleyo ukuphefumula nokugqiba imisebenzi yabo yokuphila kwansuku zonke.
I-Stock up on izithelo kunye nemifuno esitsha , ukunciphisa ukutya okubomvu kunye nokutya okucutshungulwayo, khetha ezinye iimithombo zeprotheni ezinjengamantongomane kunye nembewu, kwaye ujonge ukuthenga i-juicer ukuze unyuse ukutya okunesondlo. Ukubuyela kwindlela ookhokho bethu badla ngayo kuyisisiseko sokuphila ixesha elide kunye nokuziva kakuhle ngeCOPD.
Ukukhuthaza ukuLondolozwa kwamandla
I-COPD iguqula umntu owona mandla obalulekileyo, ushiya kakhulu kakhulu izinto ezifuna ukuphefumula nokutya. Ukugcinwa kwamandla yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulawulwa kwezifo onokukukhuthaza ngeendlela ezininzi, kuquka:
- Hlela izinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswe ngumthandi wakho ukuba abe kwindawo ephantsi.
- Hlela izinto kwiithalafu ukuba zibe ubude beengalo ukuze umthandayo akudingeki afinyelele.
- Beka isitulo sokuhlamba kwisitya.
Sebenzisa i-Fan okanye Air Conditioner
Abanye abantu abaneCOPD bafumana ukuba umqhubi ubetha ngokubhekiselele ebusweni babo, okanye i-air conditioner esebenza ngokuqhubekayo, kubanceda baphefumule lula. Ukuba oku kuyinyaniso kumhlobo wakho omthandayo, zama ukubeka i-thermostat kwindawo epholileyo, epholile kuwo wonke umntu endlwini. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba awunelisekile kwindawo epholileyo, bundla ngeengubo ezingaphezulu okanye i-sweater ngelixa usendlini.
Ukuphucula uMoya wakho wangaphakathi
Ngaba wayesazi ukuba umoya wangaphakathi ngamanye amaxesha ungcoliseko kunomoya ongaphandle? Ukungcoliseka komoya kwangaphakathi kunokunyusa iimpawu kunye nokugqithisa ngakumbi iCOPD. Ukuphucula umgangatho womoya wakho wangaphakathi kuya kunceda ugcine umoya kunye nosapho lwakho uphefumle ucocekile kwaye uphilile.
Uncedo Ukusabalalisa Ukuqwashiswa kweCOPD
I-COPD yimbangela yesithathu yokufa e-United States, emva kwesifo senhliziyo nomhlaza kuphela, kodwa kuyamangalisa ukuba abantu abancinci bayayazi ngayo. Kwakhona isifo esijikelezwe yinyani kunye neengcamango ezondliwa ngokungazi. Ncedisa ukwandisa ulwazi malunga neCOPD ngokusasazeka ngegama ngezizathu zalo, iimpawu , ukuxilongwa , unyango kunye nokukhusela. Nazi ezinye iindlela ongenza ngayo inxalenye yakho:
- Ukutyelela i-World COPD Day kwi-Facebook.
- Phrinta isixhobo soVavanyo soVavanyo lweCOPD . Nika kunoma ubani onobungozi besifo .
- Thumela i-e-card ye-COPD yamahhala, exhaswe yiNational Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute.
Ukuphela kweengxaki zobomi
Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba ukufa komntu wakho kumthandayo, sekuyisikhathi sokujongana nokulawula ukupheliswa kwezinto zakhe zokuphila. Oku kunzima ukulawula, ingakumbi xa ujongene nesifo esingapheliyo, esicuthayo njengeCOPD. Ngenxa yoko, wena kunye nentsapho yakho nifuna ukucinga ngokucela uncedo lwe- hospice ukukukhokela ngeli xesha.
Ingaba okanye ukhethe ukhathalela i-hospice, ukuba umhlobo wakho uyafa, mhlawumbi unemibuzo eninzi malunga nendlela yokubonelela ngoncedo olufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso ngexesha lemihla yokugqibela. Nazi ezinye iindlela zokuncedisa.
Ukulawula iiMpawu
Ulawulo lwesimboli ngenye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ekupheleni kwenkathalo yobomi kuba iimpawu zeCOPD zihlala zixakeka kwiintsuku zokugqibela. Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nokuphela kobomi kunye neCOPD zibandakanya ukugqithisa kwe- dyspnea kunye nokukhwehlela , ukunyuka intlungu, ukuxhalaba kunye nokuxinezeleka, ukudideka, i-anorexia, kunye ne- cachexia , imeko echazwe ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha kunye nokukhathala.
I-Dyspnea kunye nexhala liye labikwa njengeyona nto ibonakalisa iimpawu zeCOPD ezinxulumene nokuphela kobomi. Ukulawulwa kwezi zimpawu kubandakanya ukuhlolwa okunyamekileyo kunye nonyango, kukhethwa ngumhlengikazi wakho wokubeletha, usebenzisa inxube kunye namanyathelo angenawo unyango onokubandakanya amayeza anjenge:
- Iibronchodilators ukunciphisa i-dyspnea
- I-Diuretics, ukuba ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngenxa yeengxaki zentliziyo zihambelana nokudambisa i-dyspnea
- Izidakamizwa ze-opioid, ngokukhethekileyo zithathwe ngomlomo okanye ngasecaleni (phakathi kwehlathi kunye neentlobo)
- Ulwaphulo lwe-oksijeni , olusetyenziswa ngokucopheleleyo kwaye lubonisiwe
- I-Glucocorticoids ukususela kwimiphumo emibi yeziyobisi ayisayi kuqwalaselwa ngeli nqanaba
- Benzodiazepines ukukhutshwa kwexhala
- ITrarazine ngenxa yokukhathazeka okukhulu
Amanyathelo anxulumene namachiza ekulawuleni i-dyspnea enokuyizalisa yakho okanye ukunceda wakho umthandayo ngokuquka:
- Ukuphakamisa intloko yesithandane somntu obathandayo ubuncinane ubuncinane bee-degrees ezingama-30
- Umtsalane omnene ojongene nobuso obathandayo
- Ukuphefumula ngomlomo
- Ukuphucula nokucwangcisa ubuchule
- Ukucoca umzimba
- Ulwaphulo lomculo ngezixhobo eziphilayo, iCD, okanye i-rediyo
Ulawulo lwezinhlungu
Ukulawula intlungu yinkinga ngexesha lokugqibela lobomi kunye neCOPD kwaye yonke imizamo kufuneka yenziwe ukunciphisa intlungu. Iyeza zonyango kufuneka zinikezwe ngeenxa-ntsimbi ukuze ziphephe ukukhushulwa kwentlungu ngenxa yonyango ogqithisiweyo okanye ukulibaziseka ekulawuleni.
Abaxhasi kunye ne- mucolytics ayenzi nto ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela ngexesha lokugqibela kweCOPD. Ezinye iindlela zinokubonelela ngoncedo olukhuselekileyo lwekhompo, njengale:
- Ukufudumala oksijini okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-humidifier egumbini.
- I-opioids, njengekhowudi okanye i-morphine, ithathwe ngomlomo.
- I-lidocaine ene-nebulized, okuthi xa isetyenziswe, kuthetha ukuba umthandayo akufanele adle okungenani imizuzu engama-30 emva kokulawula ngenxa yengozi yokufuna.
Qinisekisa ukuthetha nomhlengikazi wakho omthandayo ngokunyanga naluphina unyango.
Ukwala Ukutya
Kunzima ukubukela umntu omthandayo wenqaba ukondla ubomi, kodwa oku kuphawu oluqhelekileyo phakathi kwezigulane ezifa. Enyanisweni, kwiintsuku ezintathu zokugqibela ngaphambi kokufa, izigulane ezininzi azikwazi ukutya.
Kunyanzeliswa ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuba enye into ayinakuthintela ekulahlekeni kwesidlo, njengamazinyo omzimba, izilonda emlonyeni, umlomo womlomo, intlungu, okanye isicongconi. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso malunga nokutya kunye ne-hydration ekupheleni kobomi:
- Ukuba wakho umthandayo akafuni ukutya, musa ukumnyanzelisa ukuba adle.
- Ukunikezela ukutya okuthandayo, kungakhathaliseki ukubaluleka kokutya. Ukuba ufuna i-ice cream isidlo sakusasa, mnike yona.
- Cinga nge-tube ye-tubeal feed xa le nto into efunyenweyo ngumthandayo.
- Ukubonelela ngononophelo ngomlomo usebenzisa i-swabs yomswakama kunye ne-iceps chips ukuphepha imiqathango yomlomo enxulumene nokudambisa amanzi.
Ukudideka
Xa isigulane seCOPD sisigxina, kukho iinkalo ezininzi ezinokubangela ukudideka, kuquka:
- Mayeza
- Hypoxia
- Intlungu engalawulwayo
- Ukungabikho kokulala
- Ukugcinwa kweedolophu
- Ukungalingani kwemvelo
Utyando kufuneka lujoliswe kubangelwa ukuba lunokumiselwa. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isizathu esiyimbangela yokudideka ngu-hypoxemia, ukungabikho kwe-oksijini egazini, ngoko ke i-oxygen eyongezelelweyo ingasetyenziselwa ukuyilungisa. Ukuba ihambelana nokugcinwa kwamanzi, ungathetha nge-Foley catheter placement with nurse's hospice.
Ukuxinezeleka
Ukuphela kobomi bomntu kunokuba yinkcazo ecacileyo yesibini nesigulane. Kungaba yinto yokudabuka okukhulu. Ukugcina nje isandla sakho somthandi kunye nokuphulaphula kunokubonelela ngenduduzo awakwaziyo ukuyenza. Qinisekisa ukujongana naziphi na iimfuno ezingokomoya ozithandayo. Usenokufuna ukucela umfundisi, umfundisi, okanye umcebisi ukuba ancede. Khuthaza umhlobo wakho ukuba athethe ngeemvakalelo zakhe kunye nokujongana nayiphi na imiba engaphendulwanga ngokukhululekile nangenkululeko.
Xa ukufa kusondele
Xa ukufa kusondele, umzimba ngokuqhelekileyo uqala ukuvala. Ukubonakaliswa kwezi zinto kungaquka:
- Ukwandisa ukulala
- Ukudideka nokwanda
- Imibono kunye neengcamango
- Ukungaphenduli kunye / okanye ukungazi
- Ukunyuka komdla kumanzi okanye ukutya
- Ukurhoxiswa kwabanye
- Ukungakwazi ukulawula amathambo kunye / okanye i-bladder
- Ukunciphisa ubushushu bomzimba; Ulusu luziva lubandayo kumgca
- Umnyama, umchamo ogqamile; kuncipha kwi-urine output
- Intlungu ekhulayo, engenakulawula
- Iipateni zokuphefumula ezingaqhelekanga
- Ukugqithisa okanye ezinye iimvalo eziphazamisayo zivile xa ziphefumula
- Ukunyakaza okungenziyo
- Utshintsho lwexinzelelo lwegazi, ukuphefumula kunye nentliziyo yezinga
- Ukulahleka kweengcamango
Emva kokufa
Emva kokuba othandekayo wakho udlulile, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuziva uninzi lweemvakalelo ezixubileyo ekuphumuleni, entukuthelweni, ekudakaleni okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ezi ziqhelekileyo ukuphendula kunye nenxalenye yenkqubo yokulila. Unganqikazi ukufuna inkxaso. Zininzi izixhobo ezinokukunceda ukujamelana nentlungu yakho kwaye, ngokwakho uhambo lwakho, qhubela phambili ngobomi bakho.
> Imithombo:
> Curtis JR. Ukunyamekela Ukunyamekela Ukunyamekela Abagulane abaneCOPD ekhuselekileyo. I-European Respiratory Journal . NgoSeptemba 2008; 32 (3): 796-803. i-doi: 10.1183 / 09031936.00126107.
> Clinical Mayo. I-COPD: Ukuxilongwa nokuPhathwa. Abasebenzi beKliniki yabasebenzi. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Agasti 11, 2017.
> I-Spathis A, i-Booth S. Ekupheleni kweNkcazo yoBomi kwiZifo eziPhephayo eziPhephekayo eziPhezulu: Ukukhangela Ukufa Okulungileyo. I-International Journal ye-Pulmonary Disease . 2008; 3 (1): 11-29. i-doi: 10.2147 / COPD.S698.