Ukuguqula ukutya kweeNkatha
I-milk allergies iyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokutya kwezilwanyana kubantwana, kwaye yinto yesibini yokutya okuqhelekileyo yokutya kwabantu abadala. Isantya sobisi, ukufana nokunye ukutya, kubonakala kukunyuka , kwaye kuthintela ubuncinane ama-3% kubo bonke abantwana. Nangona kunzima ukuba abantwana baphumelele ubisi babo, abanye ngamaxesha amancinci, ubisi bezilwanyana bangakwazi ukuqhubeka bekhulile baze baphelise ubomi.
Izizathu
Ubisi lwe-Cow luqulethe izifo ezininzi, eziqhelekileyo ziqhekeke kwi-casein kunye nama-whey. Izixhobo ze-whey ziquka i-alpha kunye ne-beta-lactoglobulins, kwakunye ne-immunoglobulin. Izixhobo ze-casin ziquka i-alpha kunye ne-beta-casin. Izilwanyana ezinomdla we-lactoglobulin zivame ukugqithiswa kalula ngabantwana, kanti ukunyuka kwamathambo kwizinto ze-casein kudla ukuqhubeka nokusukela ebuntwaneni okanye ukudala.
Kubantwana nakubantu abadala abaxhomekeke kwizifo eziqhekezayo, umzimba uvelisa ama -antibodies ahlaselayo ngokubhekiselele kwizilwanyana ezahlukeneyo zobisi. Ezi zixhobo ezikhuselekileyo zibophelela kwiiseli eziphazamisayo emzimbeni, ezibizwa ngokuba yi- mast call kunye ne- basophil . Xa ubisi okanye iimveliso zobisi zigqitywa, izi-antibodies ze-antigen zibopha kwiiprotheni zobisi, ezibangela ukuba iiseli eziqhekezayo zikhulule i- histamine kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezihlaselayo. Ezi iikhemikhali ezikhuselekileyo zixanduva lweempawu ezibangelwa yingozi.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu zobisi zobisi ziyahlukahluka kumntu kumntu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubisi obuninzi obuninzi bubangelwa iimpawu zesikhumba ezinjenge- urticaria (imisundu), i-angioedema (ukukhukhuma) , i- pruritus (itching) , i- atopic dermatitis (eczema) okanye enye i-skin rashes. Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya indlela yokuphefumula ( iimpawu zesifo se-asthma , iimpawu zesifo somzimba), isicathulo sesisu (isinambuzane, ukuhlanza, uhudo), kunye ne- anaphylaxis .
Lezi zimpawu zakudala zobisi ezibangelwa ubisi zibangelwa ubukho be-antibody, kwaye zibizwa ngokuba yi "IgE mediated".
Ubisi bokungabikho komzimba obangelwa yi-antibodies antigen, ebizwa ngokuba yi "non-IgE mediated," nayo iyakwenzeka. Ezi mpendulo ziyabangelwa sisistim somzimba, ngokuchasene neempendulo ezingabangelwa yinkqubo yokuzivikela, njengokwenyuka kwe- lactose . Iifom zokungabikho kwezibambiso ezingekho-IgE zibandakanya i -enterocolitis syndrome (i-FPIES) yeprotein-produced-protein (protein protein protein-produced proctitis) , i-proctitis eyenziwa yi-protein yokudla, i- eosinophilic esophagitis (i-EoE; nayo ingaba yi-IgE-mediated) kunye ne- Heiner syndrome .
Ukuxilongwa
Izimpendulo ze-IgE kumlambo zixilongwa ngokuvavanywa kobuchopho , ezinokuthi zenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kovavanyo lwesikhumba okanye ngokubonakalisa i- IgE malunga neprotheyini yobisi egazini. Ukuvavanywa kwesikhumba yindlela echanekileyo yokuxilonga ubisi bezilwanyana, nakuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi kunceda ekuqaliseni ukuba nini na ukuba umntu unokugqithisela ubisi bezilwanyana.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-non-IgE yokubambisana nobisi ukuphendula ngokubambisana kunzima kunzima ukwenza, kwaye ukuvavanywa kokunciphisa umzimba akunakuncedo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu kunye nokungabikho kwamachiza omzimba okukhoyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuhlolwa kwepatch kunokuba luncedo ekuxilweni kwe-FPIES kunye ne-EoE, kwaye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwi- anti- glubodies igG isetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-Heiner syndrome.
Unyango
Ukuphela kwonyango olwamkelekileyo lwamanzi obisi ngexesha langoku lugweba ubisi kunye nemveliso yobisi. I-Oral immunotherapy (I-OIT) yobisi bezilwanyana ezibangelwa ubisi okwangoku ifundiswa kwiiyunivesithi zezobugcisa emhlabeni jikelele, ngeziphumo ezithembisayo. I-OIT ibandakanya ukunika inani elincinci lobisi lweprotheni ngomlomo kubantu abanobisi bokungabikho, kunye nokwandisa kancane kancane inani elidlulileyo. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni umntu akwazi ukunyamezela ixabiso leprotheni yobisi ngokuthe xaxa. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela, nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-OIT yobisi bezilwanyana ezibangelwa ubisi ingaba yingozi kakhulu, yenziwa kuphela kwizicwangciso zeyunivesithi phantsi kolawulo lwezempilo olufutshane.
I-OIT yobisi bokungabikho komzimba kungabikho iminyaka emininzi ngaphandle kokuba yenziwe ngumntu ohlala kuyo.
Funda indlela yokulandela ukutya okungekho ubisi .
Ixesha elingaphi I-Milk Allerger Outgrown?
Abantwana abaninzi ekugqibeleni baya kugxotha ubisi babo, kubangakumbi abo abane-non-IgE. Kulabo abane-milk-mediated milk-allergies, kungenzeka ukuba kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza njengoko kwakucingwa ngaphambili. Izifundo ezindala ziphakamisa ukuba i-80% yabantwana iphuma ubisi isifo seminyaka engama-5; Uphando olutshanje olwenziwa kwinqanaba elincinane labantwana lisikisela ukuba malunga ne-80% yabantwana abaye baphumelela ubisi bezilwanyana - kodwa kungabikho ukuzalwa kwabo-16.
Ukulinganisa inani le-anti-antiic anti-milk to milk can help help predict the potential of a person outgrowing theirergy to the milk. Ukuba umntu okhuselekileyo obisi kumbindi ungaphantsi kwinqanaba elithile, ummeli wezilwanyana angancoma ukuba enze umngeni wokutya ngomlomo ebusweni phantsi kolawulo lwezonyango. Le yindlela ephela ekhuselekileyo yokubona ngokwenene ukuba umntu uye wagqitha ubisi babo.
Funda kabanzi malunga nokuphuma kwezinto zokutya.
Imithombo:
Fiocchi A, Schunemann HJ, Brozek J, et al. Ukuxilongwa kunye neNtshukumo yokuSebenza kwiCow's Milk Allergy (i-DRACMA): Ingxelo yeSishwankathelo. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010; 126: 1119-28.
Skripak JM, Matsui EC, Mudd K, Wood RA. Imbali yeNdalo ye-IgE-Mediated Cow Milk Allergy. 2007; 120: 1172-7.