Amacangca amnyama: Izizathu kunye neZonyango
Amabala amnyama, ayaziwa nangokuthi i- hyperpigmentation okanye iindawo zokudala , ziqhelekile kwaye zikhula ngokuqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo kunye nobudala . Baya kuphazamiseka ukujongana nabo njengoko kubonakala bengabonakali nanye, kwaye banokuba yintsholongwane ekhohlakeleyo yobudala.
Izizathu
Amacangca amnyama yiphumo lokudlulelwa kwe- melanin (i-pigment pigment). Ayiqondi kakuhle ukuba kutheni amabala amnyama, kodwa ukuguga kunye nokukhanya kwe-UV ukukhanya-nokuba kufakwe ukukhanya kwe- UV , njengokufana nokusetyenziswa kwimiba yokuqhawula-yimbangela ebalulekileyo.
Amabala amnyama angahlakulela naphi na, kodwa banokubonakala kwiindawo ezisemzimbeni ezifumana ukukhanya kwelanga, kubandakanywa:
- Ubuso
- Umqolo wezandla
- Amagxa
- Iingalo
- Umva
Izifo Zesikhumba
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesikhumba nezifo ezibangelwa amabala amnyama.
- I-Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation : Ukukhutshwa kwesikhumba emva kwesilonda sokuvuvukala, njenge-acne
- I-Melasma: Eyaziwa nangokuthi imithwalo yokukhulelwa
- I-Melanosis kaRiehl: Ifom ye-dermatitis ekholelwa ukuba ibangelwa ukukhanya kwelanga
- I-Poikiloderma yase-Civatte: Isimo esinobuhlungu esiphenduka imibala yentamo ibe ngumbala obomvu obomvu
- I-Erythromelanosis Follicularis: Umqathango obonakala obomvu obomvu obunobuso kunye nentamo
- I-Linea Nigra: Umgca omnyama, obalala obonakala ubude ngaphantsi kwesisu esiswini lokukhulelwa.
Mayeza
Amanye amayeza adala amabala amnyama. Eminye ibangele amabala amnyama ngenxa yokuba yenza isikhumba sithintele ukukhanya kwelanga, ngelixa ezinye zenza amabala amnyama avele ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga.
Abanye abaphinda baphoso baquka:
- Estrogens
- Tetracyclines
- Amiodarone
- Phenytoin
- Phenothiazines
- Sulfonamides
Ukuboniswa kwe-UV
Ukutsalwa kwe-hyperpigmentation kuqala ukubamba ngexesha lobudala xa ulusu luqala ukubonisa imiphumo yazo yonke imihla echithwa elangeni ngaphandle kwe- SPF , phakathi kwezinye izigwenxa. Okwangoku ufanele ukwazi ukuba ukukhanya kwelanga kuza nemingcipheko enkulu kwaye kufuna ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo, njengokunciphisa ixesha elichithwe elangeni nokusebenzisa i-SPF rhoqo.
Imibala ye-UV ibangele inkoliso yeempawu zesikhumba, ukusuka kwimeko embi (umdlavuza wesikhumba) ukuya kuncinci (amabala amnyama). Amabala amnyama avela ngenxa yokukhanya kwe-UV ziquka:
- Melasma
- Iilentimenti zelanga (iindawo zesibindi)
- I-Eflides (i-freckles)
Ezinye izizathu
- Ukukhulelwa
- Isifo sesibindi
- Isifo sikaAdisonison
- Hemochromatosis
- Izicubu zezilwanyana
Unyango
Amabala amnyama awonakali kwaye anesimo esifanayo nesikhumba sakho sonke. Akunabungozi, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba indawo emnyama ingaba nomhlaza . Ukutyelela i-dermatologist qho ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe ngesikhumba. Ukuba i-dermatologist ibona indawo enobungozi obunobungozi, unokuyenza i-biopsy ukujonga ulusu lomhlaza kunye nezinye izinto ezingekho.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, amabala amnyama awayiyo nayiphi na ingozi yempilo, ngoko ke akudingeki ukuba ulahlekise, nangona abantu abaninzi bekhetha ukulungiselela izimonyo. Amacangca amnyama anganciphisa okanye asuswe ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza atyunjiweyo, iinkqubo zonyango, kunye nonyango lwekhaya.
I-creams bleaching creams iyancipha ngokukhawuleza ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kweenyanga eziliqela. Nangona kunjalo, ziqulethe izithako ezenza ukuba isikhumba sibe nefuthe kakhulu kwi-UV exposure, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka i-SPF ngokuqhubekayo kunyango.
Ukuba unomdla kwinkqubo yezokwelapha, ncokola kwidermatologist yakho ngokukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yolu hlobo lolusu. Iinkqubo zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukuphatha amabala amnyama kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba. Ziquka:
- Unyango lwe laser
- Amachiza eKhemikhali
- Microdermabrasion
- Cryosurgery
Kukho nenani leemveliso ezingaphezulu kwee-counter ezithatha amabala amnyama. Enyanisweni, mhlawumbi awukwazi ukuyenza ngekhefu le-TV ngaphandle kokubona isikhangiso esinye. Ezi mveliso azisebenzi ngokukhawuleza njengenkqubo yonyango. Basenokunciphisa ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama, kodwa abanako ukususa ngokupheleleyo.
Khangela ama-creams aqukethe izithako ezifana ne- alpha hydroxy acid , i-glycolic acid, i-hydroquinone, i-deoxyarbutin kunye ne-kojic acid.
> Imithombo:
> Isikhumba esikhulileyo. (Ngo-2010, ngo-Agasti 12).
> Lifshitz, OH, & Tomecki, KJ (2010, Agasti). Isikhumba esikhulileyo.